Protein Digestion Flashcards
Essential amino acids
Amino acids that must be obtained through diet, we cannot synthesize them (if we can, not in adequate amounts)
Histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
Where does protein digestion NOT occur?
The mouth
How is protein digested in the mouth?
Its not
Protein digestion begins where?
The stomach. Stomach acid denatures proteins and pepsin (stomach enzyme) hydrolyzes the peptide bonds.
How does the pancreas assist digestion of proteins in the lumen of the small intestine?
The pancreas releases bicarbonate, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidases into the small intestine.
Bicarbonate (HCO3-, which is a conjugate base of a weak acid, carbonic acid) is a buffer that neutralizes acidic stomach contents.
Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase hydrolyze peptide bonds
What does the small intestine release in order to assist with protein digestion?
Peptidases are secreted from the small intestine.
Peptidases hydrolyze peptides into amino acids.
Protein digestion. List where these enzymes are released from.
- Pepsin
- Bicarbonate
- Trypsin
- Chymotrypsin
- Carboxypeptidases
- Peptidases
- Stomach
- Pancreas
- Pancreas
- Pancreas
- Pancreas
- Small intestine
What happens to amino acids after proteins are digested in the small intestine?
Absorbed INTO/THROUGH enterocytes of the intestinal mucosa by CO TRANSPORT to reach blood capillaries.
Capilaries- venules- hepatic vein- liver.
In the liver, amino acids are used for protein synthesis, converted into glucose or fatty acids, or transported to peripheral tissues for protein synthesis.
Small amount of protein is eliminated by the colon
Zymogens
Inactive enzyme
Examples- procarboxypeptidase
Chymotrypsinogen
Trypsinogen
^^ these are released from the pancreas and activated in the small intestine.
Which organ regulates distribution of amino acids to the rest of the body?
Liver
