Protein and Peptide Formation Flashcards
What are proteins synthesized from?
Proteins are synthesized from an average of 100 to 300 amino acids
Some proteins have as many as 29,000 amino acids in a single chain.
Where does the synthesis of proteins occur?
The synthesis occurs at the ribosomes
What functional groups are involved in the formation of a dipeptide?
The amino functional group of one amino acid and the carboxylic acid functional group of a second
What is released during the formation of a dipeptide?
Water is released during the formation of a dipeptide
What is the name of the bond that links two amino acids together?
Peptide bond
What is a condensation reaction in the context of peptide bond formation?
A reaction where one oxygen from the carboxylic acid group and two hydrogens from the amino group are lost as water
What is an oligopeptide?
A short chain of amino acids usually from two to twenty amino acids
What are the terminal ends of a peptide called?
N-terminal end and C-terminal end
How is a tetrapeptide formed?
A tetrapeptide is formed from four amino acids
What is the standard practice for representing the orientation of a peptide?
N-terminal on the left and C-terminal on the right
What is the term used to describe the molecule remaining after the condensation reaction?
Residue
When is a molecule categorized as a polypeptide?
When the number of residues is 99 or less
What is the molecular mass of a protein with 100 amino acids?
About 10,000 g/mol
What unit do biochemists often use to express protein mass instead of g/mol?
Dalton (Da)
How is 10,000 Da often simplified in biochemistry?
As 10 kDa
What is supramolecular chemistry?
The chemistry of large compounds
