prostate cancer Flashcards
1
Q
what are the symptoms of prostate cancer?
A
- LUTS
- bone pain
- family history
2
Q
Examinations
A
- DRE
2. palpable bladder
3
Q
Ix
A
- prostate specific antigen
- USS and biopsy
- CT/MRI for bone scanning
4
Q
how is diagnosis made?
A
indic if raised psa/DRE
- Prostate biopsy
5
Q
when is PSA elevated?
A
(PSA <4 normally)
- prostititis
- UTI
- Catheter
- Urinary retention
6
Q
what is the classification system called?
A
Gleason grading
7
Q
T1 - T2 meaning
A
organ confined cancer
8
Q
T3 - T4
A
locally advanced cancer
9
Q
N0-3
A
lymph node spread
10
Q
M0-M1
A
absence or presence of distant metastasis
11
Q
what are the 3 potential methods of mx?
A
- active surveillance
( if low life expectancy or slow growing tumor) - surgery
- prostatectomy - radiotherapy
12
Q
mx of metastatic prostate cancer?
A
Hormonal manipulation therapy - Androgen deprivation therapy
13
Q
Mx of low risk Prostate cancer?
A
- active surveillance
2. RP/RT
14
Q
Mx of intermediate risk Prostate cancer?
A
- RP/RT
2. adjunct hormonal manipulationn
15
Q
Mx of high risk Prostate cancer?
A
- RP/RT
2. ADT for up to 3 years -can slow down disease progression
