prostate cancer Flashcards
prostatitis can be caused by
bacteria, fungi, urethral strictures, BPH
-e coli
-klebsiella
-proteus
signs of prostatitis
-sudden onset of fever
-dysuria
-perineal prostatic pain
-severe lower UTI symptoms
-urgency, frequency, hesitancy, nocturia
BPH
enlargement of prostate
what type of meds given for BPH
alpha adrenergic blockers
smooth muscle relaxers
hormone manipulation- antiandrogen agents
surgical treatment for BPH minimally invasive
microwave thermotherapy: heat tissue and it sloughs off
needle ablation: for those with poor surgical risk. radial frequency inserted with stent. can cause infection and chronic pain
embolization: insert micro beads that go to prostate and stops blood flow from going to prostate
risk factors of prostate cancer
increasing age, familial predisposition, african american race
signs of prostate cancer
-low back pain/hip pain usually the first symptom
-perineal or rectal discomfort
-pathological fractures at sight of metastasis
-urgency, frequency, nocturia, hesitancy, dysuria, hematuria, oliguria, or blood in the ejaculate
-weight loss, anemia, sob
what can test for prostate cancer
prostate specific antigen (psa) and digital rectal exam (DRE)
hormonal manipulation SE for prostate cancer
hot flashes
reduced libido and erectile dysfunction
gynecomastia
decreased muscle and bone mass
increased risk of fractures
diabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome
CVR disease
osteoporosis
penis can shrink
breast tenderness
radiation therapy SE for prostate cancer
-inflammation of the surrounding structures (prostatitis, enteritis, cystitis)
-urinary dysfunction
-irritation
-obstruction
-pain
-rectal urgency
-bleeding
-secondary cancers
suitable for those with large prostate glands
retropubic prostatectomy
incontinence, sexual dysfunction, rectal injury are more common with
perineal prostatectomy
open surgical procedure, a lot of blood loss, abdominal incision
suprapubic prostatectomy
potential complications of prostatectomy surgeries
-hemorrhage and shock
-infection
-venous thromboembolism
-catheter obstruction
-complications with catheter removal
-urinary incontinence
-sexual dysfunction
signs of transurethral resection syndrome
lethargy and confusion
hypotension
tachycardia
n/v
collapse
headache
muscle spasms
seizures
home care after prostatectomy
-dribbling may continue for up to 1 yr
- kegel exercises 10-20 each hour
-avoidance of straining and long car trips for 6-8 weeks
-avoid spicy foods, alcohol, and coffee, drink enough water
