Prophylaxis Flashcards
What is surgical prophylaxis?
the use of antibiotics, during or after a diagnostic, therapeutic or surgical procedure to prevent infectious complication
Clean procedure
clean contaminated
contaminated
No prophylaxis
One dose
treat for 5-7 days
Non surgical prophylaxis
immunosuppressed (chemotherapy and splenectomy)
HIV, Meningitis, Influenza
What is endocarditis?
Infection of the inner lining endocardium (heart) including heart valves.
what are the surgical site infections?
superficial
deep incision
Organ/space
what is surgical site infections (ssi) superficial?
occurs within 30 days of postoperatively and involves skin or subcutaneous tissue of the incision.
Benefits of antibiotic prophylaxis?
Patients risk of SSI?
severity of consequence of ssi
effectiveness of prophylaxis for that operation
Potential risks of prophylaxis?
Allergy
antibiotic associated diarrohea
Clostridium infection
antibiotic resistance
Factors affecting risk of SSI (surgical site of infection)
Extreme of age Poor nutrition state smoking immunocomprised obesity
Risk of infection (scoring system)
National healthcare safety network (NHSN)
ASA SCORE: 1- normal healthy patient
2- a patient with a mild systemic disease
3- a patient with disease that limits activity but is not incapacitating
4-a patient with an incapacitating systemic disease that is a constant threat to life.
5- a moribund patient not expected to survive 24hrs with or without operation.
What are the degree of contamination?
Clean: no inflammation is encountered and the respiratory. There is no break in aseptic operating technique
Clean-contaminated
Contaminated- major break in technique, gross spillage, pus encountered from any source during surgery
Dirty
how long to give antibiotic prophylaxis?
Clean: no prophylaxis
Clean contaminated: one dose
Contaminated: treat 5-7 days
Non surgical prophylaxis
Recurrent infections (i.e UTI)
Endocarditis
High risk of contact (HIV, Meningitis influenza)
immunosupressed
What is Endocarditis?
infection of the inner lining endocardium (heart); including heart valves. Caused by bacteria (fungi/virus) entering bloodstream and travelling to heart.
Endocarditis prophylaxis is not recommended for who?
for people undergoing dental procedures
non dental procedures upper and lower gastrointestial tract
