properties of water Flashcards
what is the chemical formula of water
H2O
What is a solution (in this unit)
A mixture of water and solute like salt or sugar.
What is a solute
A solute is the substance you’re trying to dissolve in a solvent
What is a solvent
The substance you’re trying to dissolve your solute in. Water is a universal solvent and can dissolve the most solutes out of all liquids on earth
How is a water molecule like a magnet
It’s like a magnet, because it has polar charges. It has positively charged hydrogen atoms, and negatively charged oxygen atoms.
Which property causes surface tension in water
Cohesion
What is cohesion
Cohesion is when 2 water molecules attach to each other using H-bonds
What is adhesion
When water molecules attach to another surface such as a xylem of a plant
What is surface tension
The amount of force needed to break the surface of H2O
What is an example of surface tension
When a paper clip can sit on top of water and not sink
What is an example of surface tension in nature
A water strider bug that can walk on water due to surface tension
What is capillary action
When a water molecule combines the forces of cohesion and adhesion to defy gravity
What is a H-bond
A H-bond is when a positively charged hydrogen atom of a water molecule connects with the negatively charged oxygen atom of another water molecule.
How does capillary action work
When a water molecule adheses to the wall of a xylem, and coheses with other water molecules, it creates h-bonds between them and allows it to climb up the xylem and deliver water to the plant.
How can polar molecules such as water dissolve other polar molecules like salt
Salt is hydrophilic, meaning it is polar and it’s polarity is stronger then the cohesive forces of water. When it forms an ionic bond, it forms Na+ and Cl- This allows salt to rip apart H-bonds, and the Na+ and Cl- atoms bond to the water molecules. The + and - charges attract to each other to form the bonds.
