Properties of Period 3 Elements Flashcards
Give the equation for the reaction of sodium with water
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) –> 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
Give the equation for Magnesium with water
Mg(s) + 2H2O(l) –> Mg(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)
Give the equation for Magnesium with steam
Mg(s) + H2O(g) –> MgO(s) + H2(g)
Give the equation for chlorine forming HClO
Cl2(g) + H2O(l) –> HClO(aq) + HCl(aq)
Give the equation for chlorine forming HCl
2Cl2(g) + 2H2O(l) –> 4HCl(aq) + O2(g)
Give the equation for sodium with oxygen
2Na(s) + 1/2O2(g) –> Na2O(s)
Give the equation for magnesium with oxygen
2Mg(s) + O2(g) –> 2MgO(s)
Give the equation for aluminium with oxygen
4Al(s) + 3O2(g) –> 2Al2O3(s)
Give the equation for silicon with oxygen
Si(s) + O2(g) –> SiO2(s)
Give the equation for phosphorus with oxygen
P4(s) + 5O2(g) –> P4O10(s)
Give the equation for sulfur with oxygen
S(s) + O2(g) –> SO2(s)
Why does MgO have the highest melting point of all P3 oxides?
- MgO has ionic bonds
- strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
- these require alot of energy to overcome
Why does Al2O3 have more covalent character that MgO?
- the Al3+ ion is smaller than the Mg2+ ion
- meaning the Al3+ ions is more polarising than the Mg2+ ion
- distorting the electron cloud around O2- ion more.
Give the equation for sodium oxide with water
Na2O(s) + H2O(l) –> 2Na+(aq) + 2OH-(aq)
Give the equation of magnesium oxide with water
MgO(s) + H2O(l) –> Mg(OH)2(aq)
🔑 point - magnesium hydroxide is only sparingly soluble so is only weakly alkaline.
What are the 2 insoluble oxides
Aluminium Oxide and Silicon dioxide so no reaction occurs.
What is the PH when aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide are added to water.
7
There is no reaction to make the water acidic or alkaline
What is the equation for phosphoric acid with water
P4O10(s) + 6H2O(l) –> 4H3PO4(aq)
What is the equation for sulfur dioxide in water
SO2(g) + H2O(l) –> H2SO3(aq)
*Sulfurus acid
What is the equation for sulfur trioxide with water
SO3(g) + H2O(l) –> H2SO4(aq)
Give the equation for sodium oxide with H2SO4
Na2O(s) + H2SO4(aq) –> Na2SO4(aq) + H2O(l)
Give the equation for magnesium oxide with HCl
MgO(s) + 2HCl(aq) –> MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l)
What is it meant by amphoteric?
It can act as an acid or base
Give an example of an amphoteric oxide
Aluminium oxide
Give the equation for aluminium oxide when it acts as a base
Al2O3(s) + 6HCl(aq) –> 2AlCl3(aq) + 3H2O(l)
Give the equation for aluminium oxide when it acts as a base
Al2O3(s) + 2NaOH(aq) + 3H2O(l) –> 2NaAl(OH)4(aq)
Give the equation for phosphoric acid with sodium hydroxide
H3PO4(aq) + 3NaOH(aq) –> Na3PO4(aq) + 3H2O(l)
Give the ionic equation for the reaction of phosphorus(V) oxide with an excess of sodium hydroxide solution
P4O10 + 12OH- –> 4PO43- + 6H2O
Give the equation for sulfur dioxide in solution
SO2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) –> Na2SO3(aq) + H2O(l)
Give the equation for phosphoric oxide with sodium oxide
P4O10 + 6Na2O –> 4Na3PO4(aq)
Give the equation for phosphoric oxide with magnesium oxide
P4O10 + 6MgO –> 2Mg3(PO4)2(aq)
Explain using an equation why silicon oxide is classified as an acidic oxide
SiO2 + 2NaOH –> Na2SiO3 + H2O