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A-level Chemistry (AQA) > All mechanisms (P2+P3) > Flashcards

All mechanisms (P2+P3) Flashcards

1
Q

Name the mechanism, reagent and conditions from an alkane to a haloalkane

A

free radical sub
Reagent: halogen
Conditions: UV light

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2
Q

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions from haloalkane to Alcohol

A

nucleophilic sub
reagent: NaOH
conditions: aqueous

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3
Q

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions from haloalkane to nitrile

A

nucleophilic sub
reagent: KCN
conditions: ethanol

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4
Q

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions from haloalkane to amine

A

nucleophilic sub
reagent: excess NH3
conditions: ethanol + heat

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5
Q

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions from haloalkanes to alkenes

A

Elimination
reagent: NaOH
conditions: ethanol solvent

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6
Q

Name the mechanism and regents from alkene to haloalkane

A

electrophilic addition
reagent: Halogen halide or halogen.

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7
Q

Name the mechanism and regents from alkene to alkyl hydrogen sulfate.

A

Electrophilic addition
reagent: H2SO4

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8
Q

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions from alkene to alcohol.

A

Direct hydration
reagents: steam
conditions and catalyst: conc H3PO4

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9
Q

Name of mechanism, reagents and conditions from alcohols to alkenes.

A

elimination (dehydration)
reagent: H2SO4
conditions: hot, conc

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10
Q

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions for the nitration of benzene

A

Electrophilic substitution
reagents and conditions; conc H2SO4 and HNO3

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11
Q

Equation for the NO2+ electrophile being formed for the nitration of benzene?

A

H2SO4 + HNO3 –> HSO4- + H2O + NO2+

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12
Q

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions for the acylation of benzene

A

Electrophilic substitution
reagents and conditions; acyl chloride and AlCl3 catalyst

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13
Q

Equation for the RCO+ electrophile being formed for the acylation of benzene?

A

RCOCl + AlCl3 –> RCO+ + AlCl4-

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14
Q

Equation for the reformation of the catalyst for nitration of benzene

A

H+ + HSO4- –> H2SO4

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15
Q

Equation for the reformation of the catalyst for the acylation of benzene

A

AlCl4- + H+ –> HCl + AlCl3

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16
Q

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions of reducing propanal to Propan-1-ol
and state the equation
(same mechanism for ketone to secondary alcohol)

A

Nucleophilic addition
reagent: NaBH4
nucleophile: H:-
conditions: acidic solvent
CH3CH2CHO + 2[H] –> CH3CH2CH2OH

17
Q

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions of reacting propanal or propanone with KCN
state the equation for propanal with KCN and name the product

A

Nucleophilic addition
reagent: KCN OR HCl
nucleophile: -:CN
conditions: acidic solvent
CH3CH2CHO + -:CN + H+ –> CH3CH2CH(CN)(OH)
Name of product: 2-hydroxybutanenitrile

A-level Chemistry (AQA) (26 decks)

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