Amines (P2+P3)

Question 1

All amines (NH2) can act as a …

Answer 1

base

Question 2

Which is stronger Ethylamine or Ammonia?

Answer 2

Ethylamine because
- the ethyl group releases electron density onto the N
- so the lone pair on the N is more available to be protonated.

Question 3

Which is stronger Phenylamine or Ammonia?

Answer 3

Ammonia because
- the lone pair on the N of phenylamine can delocalise into the pi bond of the phenyl ring.
- so is less available to accept a proton.

Question 4

Give the equation for Ethylamine and Nitric acid and name the compound formed

Answer 4

C2H5NH2 + HNO3 –> C2H5NH3NO3
name of compound ethylammonium nitrate.

Question 5

To ensure a higher yield of primary amine you would…

Answer 5

Use excess ammonia

Question 6

What is tetramethyl ammonium chloride and example of?

Answer 6

quaternary ammonium salt

Question 7

Uses of quaternary ammonium salt include…

Answer 7

• hair conditioner
• fabric softener

Question 8

Further substitution requires…

Answer 8

Excess haloalkane

Question 9

What are the reagents for reduction of nitriles into amines?

Answer 9

Hydrogen and nickel catalyst.

Question 10

What are the reagents, conditions and problems associated with nucleophilic substitution to form amines?

Answer 10

reagents - NH3
conditions - excess
problems - further substitutions.

Question 11

What are the reagents, conditions and problems associated with nitrile/reduction to form amines?

Answer 11

Nitriles;
reagents- KCN
conditions - Aq + ethanolic
Reduction;
reagents - H2
conditions- nickel catalyst
problems - KCN is toxic + 2 steps required

Question 12

To form phenylamine (NH2) from nitrobenzene (NO2) what are the reagents and conditions needed?

Answer 12

reagents- HCl
conditions - tin catalyst

Question 13

Equation for forming phenylamine from nitrobenzene

Answer 13

C6H5NO2 + 6[H] –> C6H5NH2 + 2H2O

Question 14

Amines can be used to MAKE…

Answer 14

• dyes
• drugs