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Technology 3 - Building Science and Structures > Properties of materials > Flashcards

Properties of materials Flashcards

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1
Q

fundamental requirements of structures (3)

A

to enclose a space, withstand forces and transmit them to the ground, load-bearing capacity of soil

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2
Q

types of building loads (4)

A

the weight imposed by the building itself, weight of snow or rain, wind loads, weight of occupants and contents

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3
Q

the weight imposed by the building itself, weight of snow or rain, wind loads, weight of occupants and contents are types of…

A

building loads

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4
Q

to enclose a space, withstand forces and transmit them to the ground, load-bearing capacity of soil are…

A

fundamental requirements of structures

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5
Q

definition of force

A

that which produces a deformation in material

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6
Q

that which produces a deformation in material is known as

A

force

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7
Q

What is Strength

A

The ability to resist failure or excessive Plastic deformation under stress

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8
Q

The ability to resist failure or excessive Plastic deformation under stress is also Known as

A

Strength

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9
Q

definition of stress

A

intensity of force

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10
Q

intensity of force is known as

A

stress

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11
Q

equation for calculating stress

A

stress = force(PSI or MN/M²) / area of which force acts

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12
Q

stress = force(PSI or MN/M²) / area of which force acts

A

equation for calculating stress

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13
Q

types of stress (3)

A 
tensile = tension stress (pulling)
compressive = compression (pushing)
shear = friction/tortion
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14
Q

tensile, compressive and shear are types of…

A

stress

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15
Q

bending stresses are…

A

dead load on a steel beam. Top half is in compression, bottom half is in tension. Neutral zone is in shear stress.

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16
Q

dead load on a steel beam is a…

A

bending stress

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17
Q

properties of steel (4)

A

high strength in tension, compression, shear, bending

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18
Q

deformation is…

A

consequences of application of force

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19
Q

consequences of application of force is known as…

A

deformation

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20
Q

high strength in tension, compression, shear and bending are properties of…

A

steel

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21
Q

characteristics of deformation (2)

A 
magnitude = amount
type = plastic or elastic
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22
Q

plastic, elastic and magnitude are characteristics of what?

A

deformation

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23
Q

definition of strain

A

strain is deformation due to stress

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24
Q

Deformation due to stress is known as

A

Strain

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25
Q

strain is calculated by

A

change in dimension / original dimension = strain

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26
Q

change in dimension original dimension =

A

strain

27
Q

tensile and compressive strain are..

A

direct strains

28
Q

examples of direct strains (2)

A

tensile and compressive

29
Q

sheer strain is…

A

indirect strain

30
Q

indirect strain is known as…

A

sheer strain

31
Q

elastic deformation is

A

fully recoverable

32
Q

which type of deformation is fully recoverable?

A

elastic deformation

33
Q

plastic deformation is

A

permanent deformation

34
Q

which type of deformation is permanent?

A

plastic deformation

35
Q

within plastic deformation, tension has high…

A

ductility

36
Q

tension has high ductility within…

A

plastic deformation

37
Q

ductility is…

A

a solid material’s ability to deform under tensile stress

38
Q

a solid material’s ability to deform under tensile stress is known as…

A

ductility

39
Q

What is Stiffness

A

Ability of a material to resist elastic deformation under load

40
Q

Ability of a material to resist elastic deformation under load is Known as

A

Stiffness

41
Q

What is toughness

A

The ability of a material to absorb energy by impact or sudden blow

42
Q

The ability of a material to absorb energy by impact or sudden blow is known as

A

Toughness

43
Q

The equation used to measure stiffness is…

A

Young’s Modulus (E)

44
Q

Young’s Modulus is used to measure…

A

Stiffness.

45
Q

The equation for Young’s Modulus is…

A

Stress (Tensile or Compressive) / Elastic Strain

46
Q

Stress (Tensile or Compressive) / Elastic Strain is the equation for

A

Young’s Modulus.

47
Q

Material Stiffness can be referred to as….

A

Young’s Modulus

48
Q

Young’s Modulus can also be referred to as

A

Material stiffness.

49
Q

Component Stiffness…

A

is governed by shape of component and distribution of material

50
Q

The shape of a component and the distribution of material leads to…

A

Component Stiffness.

51
Q

Lateral supports e.g.Herringbone Struts prevent…

A

twist and shear stress, resulting in a reduced risk for cracked ceilings.

52
Q

The lateral supports which reduce the twists and shear stresses are…

A

Herringbone Struts.

53
Q

The components of a steel I beam are (2)

A

Flange (Top & Bottom) Web (Middle)

54
Q

Flange (Top & Bottom) Web (Middle) are components in…

A

Steel I beams.

55
Q

What is Hardness

A

Resistance to Indentation under Stress

56
Q

Resistance to Indentation under Stress is known as

A

Hardness

57
Q

What are the long term mechanical properties (2)

A

Creep & Fatigue

58
Q

Creep & Fatigue are characteristics of….

A

Long term mechanical properties.

59
Q

What is Creep

A

The effect of long term Stress, leading to additional distortion or failure

60
Q

The effect of long term Stress, leading to additional distortion or failure is known as

A

Creep.

61
Q

What is Fatigue

A

The effect of load reversals such as vibrations which lead to failure at relatively low stress.

62
Q

The effect of load reversals such as vibrations which lead to failure at relatively low stress.

A

Fatigue

63
Q

Dimensional changes can by produced by… (2)

A

changes in moisture content, changes in temperature.

64
Q

changes in moisture content &changes in temperature can result in….

A

Dimensional Changes.

Technology 3 - Building Science and Structures (12 decks)

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