Chemical Bonding

Question 1

Why does chemical bonding between atoms occur

Answer 1

Because the atoms taking part achieve a lower energy level (or greater stability)

Question 2

The atoms taking part achieve a lower energy level (or greater stability) best describes the occurrence of

Answer 2

Chemical bonding between atoms

Question 3

How does group A elements normally achieve stability through chemical bonding?

Answer 3

By acquiring a noble gas structure

Question 4

By acquiring a noble gas structure will normally give stability to

Answer 4

Group A elements

Question 5

For A type elements, the outer shell is called

Answer 5

The Valency shell

Question 6

The Valency shell is

Answer 6

The outer shell for A type elements

Question 7

What is the definition of; ‘The valency of an atom’

Answer 7

It’s defined as the number of electrons which must be lost or gained in order to achieve a completed Valency Shell.

Question 8

What are the mechanisms that aid achievement for a Noble Gas outer Shell

Answer 8

Sharing Electrons
Gaining Electrons
Losing Electrons

Question 9

Sharing Electrons, Gaining Electrons, Losing Electrons; these are all mechanisms for helping to achieve what?

Answer 9

A noble gas outer shell.

Question 10

How are Covalent Bonds formed

Answer 10

When two atoms each contribute one electron to be shared. Each covalent bond thus consists of two electons

Question 11

When two atoms each contribute one electron to be shared, this is the formation of what

Answer 11

Covalent Bonds. Each covalent bond thus consists of two electons.

Question 12

Name some Atoms which can form multiple covalent bonds

Answer 12

Oxygen (2), Nitrogen (3), Carbon (4)

Question 13

What are the Characteristics of the Covalent Bond (4)

Answer 13

It is specific: ie formed between two particular atoms

it is diectional: acts along a line joining the nuclei of the two atoms involved.

it leads to the formation of discrete molecules.

It is one of the strongest chemical bonds

Question 14

What is Ionic Bonding

Answer 14

It’s where one Atom donates one or more electrons to an acceptor so that both achieve the stable noble gas structure

Question 15

Where one Atom donates one or more electrons to an acceptor so that both achieve the stable noble gas structure, is known as

Answer 15

Ionic Bonding

Question 16

Where does Ionic Bonding commonly occur

Answer 16

Between metal and non metal

Question 17

Between metal and non metal is the common occurrence place for

Answer 17

Ionic Bonding

Question 18

The transfer of electrons in Ionic Bonding produces what?

Answer 18

Charged Atoms species known as Ions

Question 19

Charged Atoms species known as Ions is the result of what?

Answer 19

The transfer of electrons in Ionic Bonding

Question 20

What are the characteristics of Ionic Bonds

Answer 20

Non - Specific
Acts equally in all directions
Does not form molecules

Question 21

What Atoms contain a very small number of weakly held valency electrons

Answer 21

Metal Atoms

Question 22

How can the structure of Metal Atoms be visualised

Answer 22

As a cloud of electrons enveloping a number of positively charged ions, in which the mutual repulsion of the ions is balanced by the attraction of the ions to the electron cloud.

Question 23

What are the characteristics of the Metallic Bond (5)

Answer 23

Non - Specific and Non - Directional
No Molecules Formed
Leads to the formation of simple crystal lattices
Electrical conductivity very high 
Weakest of Primary Bond

Question 24

Describe Van Der Waal’s Bond

Answer 24

This is produced by the chance occurrence of a temporary, unbalanced electron distribution. This tends to induce a similar distribution in adjacent molecules. The resulting weak dipoles create attractive forces between the molecules.