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Technology 3 - Building Science and Structures > Load Transfer > Flashcards

Load Transfer Flashcards

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1
Q

Define strength as a structural principal

A

Strength of all structural elements, and of structure as a whole, must always be greater the the stresses induced by the loads and forces

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2
Q

Define Stability as a structural principal

A

The structure must have a reasonable factor of safety against collapse and over turning due to application of loads.

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3
Q

Define Robustness as a structural principal

A

Structure must be able to withstand the effects of accidental misuse or malicious damage without disproportionate collapse.

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4
Q

Define Equilibrium as a structural principal

A

All loads, forces and the moments that they cause on the structure bust be balanced by the reactions so that the structure experiences no movement.

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5
Q

What is defined by the structure of a building

A

The elements of construction which accept the loads and forces imposed upon the building in a way that it remains strong, stable and robust. Loads, forces and reactions are all in equilibrium and deformations are kept within acceptable limits.

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6
Q

What are the components of a Building Structure (4)

A

Roof, Floors, Walls, Foundations

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7
Q

What is the function of the Roof

A

To bear the roof dead load, and transfer any imposed loads to the walls.

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8
Q

What is the function of the Floor

A

To bear dead load of the wall structure, and transfer any imposed loads to walls or ground.

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9
Q

What is the function of the Walls

A

To bear the dead load of the walls, accept loads from the floor and roof and transfer them to the foundations.

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10
Q

What is the function of the Foundations

A

T accept loads from from walls and transfer them to the ground.

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11
Q

Why must load acceptance and transfer be accomplished

A

So that the stresses inside and deformation of the materials are kept within acceptable limits.

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12
Q

What does 1n equate to

A

1 Kilogram of Mass x Acceleration of 1m/sec2

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13
Q

What does 1kn equate to

A

1000n = 1000kgm/sec2

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14
Q

What is mass defined as

A

The total amount of substance a physical object comprises of

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15
Q

What is weight defined as

A

mass x acceleration due to gravity (approx 10m/sec2)

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16
Q

Define Deadload

A

The self weight of the structure and all permanent fixtures

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17
Q

The self weight of the structure and all permanent fixtures refers too

A

Dead Load

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18
Q

Define Liveload

A

A loading allowance for building use

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19
Q

A loading allowance for building use refers too

A

Liveload

20
Q

Define Wind Load

A

A loading allowance due to wind pressure

21
Q

A loading allowance due to wind pressure refers to

A

Wind Load

22
Q

Define Uniformly-Distributed Loads (UDL)

A

Spread loads eg floor, roof

23
Q

Spread loads eg floor, roof refer to

A

Define Uniformly-Distributed Loads (UDL)

24
Q

Define line loads

A

loads along a line eg wall and strip footing loads

25
Q

loads along a line eg wall and strip footing loads refer to

A

Line loads

26
Q

Define Point Loads

A

forces at a point eg column loads

27
Q

forces at a point eg column loads refer to

A

Point Loads

28
Q

What is the definition of Equilibrium

A

All the forces on the structure and the moments that they cause must be balanced by the reactions so that the structure mains stable and experiences no movement.

29
Q

What is a moment

A

It is the twisting effect of a force about a centre of rotation. Similar to effect of a spanner to tighten a nut.

30
Q

What is the equation for calculating moments

A

moment (kNm) = force (kN) x lever arm (m)

31
Q

What is the equation for calculating point loads

A

moment (kNm) = value of point load (kN) x Lever arm (m)

32
Q

What is the equation for calculating line loads

A

moment (kNm) = line load (kN/m) x length considered (m) x lever arm (m)

33
Q

What are the two types of load

A

concentrated / Point load, distributed load

34
Q

what are the four main principles of structures

A

strength, stability, robustness, equilibrium

35
Q

what are the six structural components

A

roof, floors, walls, foundations, structural frames, connections

36
Q

what are the two types of load described as

A

live load and dead load

37
Q

define live load

A

the weight of people and their movement.

38
Q

define dead load

A

self weight of structure and imposed loads

39
Q

what are the 4 types of distributed load

A

uniformly distributed load, tapered patch load, patch load, tapered distributed load

40
Q

what are the 3 types of forces acting on a structure

A

reactions, shear force, bending moment

41
Q

What are the different components of reactions on a beam with a point load

A

L = length of beam, P = point load, VL = support left, VR = support right, A = left of P, B = right of P

42
Q

How do you calculate the reaction of VL on a beam with a point load

A

P (load) x B (right of P) divide by length

43
Q

How do you calculate the reaction of VR on a beam with a point load

A

P (load) x A (left of P) divide by length

44
Q

how do we calculate the sum of reactions of beam with a point load

A

0.5 x P (load)

45
Q

how do we calculate the bending moment at P (load) on beam with a point load

A

load (P) x left of P (A) x right of P (B) divide by length (L)

46
Q

how do we calculate the bending moment at the mid point on a beam with a point load

A

load (P) x length (L) divide half of length

Technology 3 - Building Science and Structures (12 decks)

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