Properties of Liquids and Water Flashcards
In what direction do the surface molecules of a liquid experience attraction?
Downward due to attraction from molecules below
What is surface tension?
Energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount. This energy goes to breaking intermolecular forces in the interior of the liquid
What are the units for surface tension?
J/m^2
The magnitude of surface tension depends on which two factors?
IMFs and temperature
Do stronger IMFs increase or decrease surface tension?
Increase surface tension
Does higher temperature increase or decrease surface tension?
Decreases surface tension
What is viscosity?
A liquid’s resistance to flow
Viscosity depends on what three factors?
IMFs, temperature, and molecule shape
Do strong IMFs increase or decrease viscosity?
Increase viscosity
Do high temperatures increase or decrease viscosity?
Decrease viscosity
Which is more viscous, a liquid with small, spherical molecules or one with long molecules?
A liquid with long molecules is more viscous because they make more contact with each other, so they pour more slowly
What is capillarity?
The rising of a liquid through a narrow space against gravity.
What are adhesive forces?
IMFs between the liquid and the tube walls
What are cohesive forces?
IMFs between molecules of a liquid
The relationship between cohesive and adhesive forces affects what quality of a liquid?
Capillarity
