IMFs: Ion-Dipole and Dipole-Dipole Flashcards

1
Q

Which is stronger, intermolecular or intramolecular force?

A

Intramolecular, because the charges producing intermolecular forces are smaller and farther apart.

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2
Q

IMFs are very weak in which phase of matter?

A

Gas

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3
Q

What is a covalent radius?

A

Half of the bond length

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4
Q

What is a Van der Waals radius? What does it measure?

A

Half the distance between nuclei of two nonbonded atoms. It measures how close atoms get to each other

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5
Q

What three qualities depend on IMF strength?

A

Phase of matter
Temperature and enthalpy of phase change
Boiling and melting point

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6
Q

What are ion-dipole forces?

A

The intermolecular attraction between an ion and a polar molecule

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7
Q

What are dipole-dipole forces?

A

The intermolecular attraction between oppositely-charged ends of polar molecules

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8
Q

The strength of dipole-dipole force depends on what two things?

A

Magnitude of the dipoles
Molar mass

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9
Q

Will a more polar molecule have stronger or weaker dipole-dipole forces?

A

Stronger

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10
Q

Will a molecule with a higher molar mass have stronger or weaker dipole-dipole forces?

A

Stronger

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11
Q

Dipole-dipole forces are only relevant in which phases of matter?

A

Solid and liquid

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12
Q

Which has more separation between dipoles, solid or liquid?

A

Liquid

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13
Q

Which is stronger, ion-dipole or dipole-dipole forces? Why?

A

Ion-dipole is stronger because the ion has a full charge, whereas dipoles have partial charges

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14
Q

An ionic compound dissolving in water is an example of which IMF?

A

Ion-dipole. The partially-charged poles of water are attracted to the ions.

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