IMFs: Ion-Dipole and Dipole-Dipole Flashcards
Which is stronger, intermolecular or intramolecular force?
Intramolecular, because the charges producing intermolecular forces are smaller and farther apart.
IMFs are very weak in which phase of matter?
Gas
What is a covalent radius?
Half of the bond length
What is a Van der Waals radius? What does it measure?
Half the distance between nuclei of two nonbonded atoms. It measures how close atoms get to each other
What three qualities depend on IMF strength?
Phase of matter
Temperature and enthalpy of phase change
Boiling and melting point
What are ion-dipole forces?
The intermolecular attraction between an ion and a polar molecule
What are dipole-dipole forces?
The intermolecular attraction between oppositely-charged ends of polar molecules
The strength of dipole-dipole force depends on what two things?
Magnitude of the dipoles
Molar mass
Will a more polar molecule have stronger or weaker dipole-dipole forces?
Stronger
Will a molecule with a higher molar mass have stronger or weaker dipole-dipole forces?
Stronger
Dipole-dipole forces are only relevant in which phases of matter?
Solid and liquid
Which has more separation between dipoles, solid or liquid?
Liquid
Which is stronger, ion-dipole or dipole-dipole forces? Why?
Ion-dipole is stronger because the ion has a full charge, whereas dipoles have partial charges
An ionic compound dissolving in water is an example of which IMF?
Ion-dipole. The partially-charged poles of water are attracted to the ions.
