Propagation

Question 1

What is difference between sexual and asexual reproduction

Answer 1

sexual reproduction has differing genetics and asexual are clones of parent plant

Question 2

What are the different methods of asexual propagation

Answer 2

dividing, cutting, layering, and grafting

Question 3

Cutting

Answer 3

used in clonal propagation, rootstocks and trees

Question 4

How many nodes does a cutting include

Answer 4

several nodes, around 6’’ stem

Question 5

Grafting

Answer 5

union of a root system (undertstock or rootstock) with shoot system (scion) in a manner that they grow as one composite plant

Question 6

When is grafting done?

Answer 6

winter, early spring while both scion and rootstock are still dormant

Question 7

Budding

Answer 7

a form of grafting that uses a smaller scion piece sometimes just a piece of the stem with an axillary bud

Question 8

When is budding preformed

Answer 8

before or during growing season

Question 9

why is grafting used?

Answer 9

Most fruit trees don’t come true to seeds, cuttings don’t root easily

Question 10

Name four benefits of grafting and budding

Answer 10

change varieties or cultivars, optimize cross-pollination and pollination, benefit from interstocks, repairing a tree, and index viruses

Question 11

What is Meristematic Growth

Answer 11

undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells and new plant tissues arise

Question 12

Apical meristem

Answer 12

forms terminal growth

Question 13

Vascular cambium

Answer 13

cambium- actively dividing layer of cells between bark and wood; produces new xylem to the inside and new phloem to the outside, cause thickening

Question 14

callus

Answer 14

undifferentiated tissue that forms around a wounded plant surface

Question 15

What factors affect budding/grafting success?

Answer 15

environmental conditions, growth activity of rootstock, polairty, craftsmanship, pest

Question 16

T-budding

Answer 16

create t-cut on rootstock, select budwood from current season’s growth rootstock a one yard old 1/4 inch, wrap budding tape

Question 17

Chip budding

Answer 17

removal of bud of desired variety insertion in stock, bard doesn’t need to be slipping, done dormant season, cut branch 1/2 inch above top of bud to force growth

Question 18

Patch budding

Answer 18

cut a rectangle patch in wood and place bud of scion over this an wrap with bud tape

Question 19

Whip grafting

Answer 19

add multiple varieties to a fruit tree already growing, joining wood of equal or nearly equal diameter gernerally about pencil thickness

Question 20

Cleft grafting

Answer 20

allows the union of a rootstock limb that is much larger in size than the scion piece, conducted in late winter