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Propaganda & the Press Flashcards

1
Q

British War Propaganda Board formed under who in 1914

A

C. Masterman

Liberal MP

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2
Q

What was formed under liberal MP C.Masterman in 1914

A

British War Propaganda Board

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3
Q

How many recruitment posters

A

6million

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4
Q

Name of the Independent Labour Journal

A

Labour Elector

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5
Q

Who was editor of the Labour Elector

A

Brockway

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6
Q

what was Brockway’s opinion of war?

A

arrested for refusing to serve in the forces

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7
Q

pacifist philosopher imprisoned for 6months for publishing seditious material

A

Russell

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8
Q

Who was Russell?

A

pacifist philosopher imprisoned for publishing seditious material

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9
Q

Poet who changed from high in morale to being critical of errors of war

A

Sassoon

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10
Q

Man who published in the Telegraph calling for a negotiated settlement

A

Lord Lansdowne

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11
Q

Paper which previously refused to publish Lord Lansdowne’s letter calling for a negotiated settlement

A

The Times

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12
Q

Which paper did Lord Lansdowne publish his letter calling for a negotiated settlement in

A

Daily Telegraph

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13
Q

Which bodies gave propaganda greater effect by supporting the war effort?

A

WSPU

Church

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14
Q

German name for ‘terror measures’

A

Schrecklichkiet

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15
Q

X4 propaganda stories of German atrocities

A

sinking of Liner Lusitania

Edith Cavell execution

shelling of Scarborough

use of poisonous gas

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16
Q

When was the shelling of Scarborough

A

late 1914

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17
Q

Who was Edith Cavell

A

nurse and spy shot by German’s for helping British PoW’s escape

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18
Q

Times most gruesome and famous propaganda story (later found false)

A

use fat and oils of dead British and own soldiers as fodder for pigs

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19
Q

What was the status of the Propaganda Bureau under Masterman within parliament

A

few MPs knew of its existance

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20
Q

When was Department of Information set up

A

Feb 1917

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21
Q

proprietor of Daily Mail and Telegraph

A

Northcliffe

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22
Q

editor of daily chronicle

A

Donald

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23
Q

Daily express proprietor

A

Beaverbook

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24
Q

Manchester Guardian proprietor

A

Scott

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25
X4 prominent members of the DOI advisory committee
Northcliffe Donald Beaverbrook Scott
26
Leader of DOI
Buchan | formerly Montgomery
27
Where was the DOI based
Wellington House
28
X3 divisions of the DOI
- cinema - political intelligence - news division
29
When was the Ministry of Information set up
1918
30
What was the MOI
reorganisation of the DOI
31
Who was the MOI first led by?
Beaverbrook
32
Who was Beaverbook?
Daily Express proprietor
33
Who was Northcliffe
Daily Mail / Times proprietor
34
Governments approach to propaganda in early years of war
laissez-faire
35
Parliamentary Recruiting Committee's poster budget les than...
Rowntree Company's budget for advertising pre-war
36
Ratio of recruitment posters to main political party posters during 1910 election
1:10
37
Non-government propaganda included the production of what toy 6 months after their usage in war
toy tanks
38
How many pro-British war films produced - name one
250 Battle of the Somme
39
View of press on war
overwhelmingly support
40
How did papers get censored?
Papers cooperate w government via self-censorship
41
What was the main topic of headline in press in late 1914?
fate of Belgium
42
Which organisation disclosed confidential info to 50 editors
Press Bureau
43
What did the Press Bureau issue that provided guidance or warnings on how information could be used
'D Notices'
44
What was notable about the Press Bureau and the law?
didn't have force of law behind them - yet editors complied
45
Who in the army was notoriously sceptical of the press? What did he do initially?
Kitchener only allowed a member of the army to write reports
46
Which paper was a leader in campaigns which appealed for greater press access to the front?
Daily Mail
47
After campaigns such as in the daily mail how many approved correspondents were sent to join the BEF?
5
48
When were 5 correspondents sent to join the BEF?
May 1915
49
What were reports from war correspondents characterised by?
- exaggerated ally successes - no overt lies - cooperated w military authorities - not objective reporting
50
Who was a correspondent for the Times who had a personal friendship w Sir French?
Colonel Renington
51
Which paper was Colonel Renington a correspondent for
The Times
52
When were other correspondents allowed in to the front after the 5 approved?
September 1915
53
First access close to front line for press came in what battle
Battle of Loos
54
How many correspondents received knighthoods post-war
X5
55
Name of correspondent who received knighthood who thought about refusing
Philip GIbbs
56
Where did Phillip Gibbs write about how war should be remembered as a national agony?
in his memoirs
57
Quote from Sassoon on the influence of propaganda?
"What was this camouflage which was manufactured?"
58
What did both the provincial press and London press carry a list of
list of casualties
59
Who was Townsend?
cartoonist from populist paper Punch
60
Name a cartoonist for the populist publication Punch
Townsend
61
What papers referred to Germans as 'hun'
John Bull and Daily Mail
62
The journal 'John Bull' was the work of what rabble-rouser
Bottomley
63
How many copies did John Bull sell per issue
1-2million
64
What did John Bull publication declare on German's
blood-fued
65
How was Bottomley's popularity evident
a) popularity of his journal John Bull | b) elected as independent MP in 1916
66
What did the Daily Mail promote the boycott of
restaurants employing German's
67
Which paper advocated boycott of restaurants employing German's
Daily Mail
68
Daily Mail quote on German's
"once a German always a German"
69
Who wrote the book "thirty nine steps"
John Buchan
70
What did John Buchan's thirty nine steps book suggest
Britain awash w spies
71
Which was the largest selling paper
Daily Mail
72
What paper was the 'national voice'
Times
73
Who ensured his papers did not criticise the Gallipoli campaign
Northcliffe
74
How was the power and influence of editors shown
Northcliffe didn't allow Daily Mail + Times to criticise Gallipoli campaign
75
Who was appointed Director of Propaganda 1918
Northcliffe
76
What propaganda tool did Northcliffe employ in Germany
balloons to inform Germany of news of Allied success - attempt to decrease their morale (little effect)
77
Propaganda rumour of 1914
Angel of Mons
78
What was the Angel of Mons rumour
British troops saw angelic figures when in retreat from Mons, who warded off attacks
79
When war was declared how many spies did the British intelligence arrest immediately?
22
80
How many further spies arrested during war by British intelligence?
14
81
What was the trend when the public tried to find out who were spies
"Spy spotting"
82
Why can in be suggested that propaganda had little effect?
some of highest morale and volunteer rates during beginning of war
83
What did DORA stand for?
Defence of the Realm Act
84
When was DORA introduced?
August 1914
85
Why was DORA not often used
self-censorship and 'D notices' largely effective
86
Which paper was banned for showing support for striking ship workers
Socialist paper "Forward"
87
What were striking ship workers resisting, who were given support by the socialist paper forward?
Munitions of War Act (1915)
88
What types of things were press not allowed to reference?
- morale of troops - location - personal praise / criticism
89
Who was appointed to publish reports which were vetoed by Kitchener - under the title 'eyewitness'
Colonel Swinton
90
title of Colonel Swinton's publications
"Eyewitness"
91
Who vetoed Colonel Swintons 'eyewitness' publication
Kitchener
92
Many complain about Colonel Swinton's publication - what was it derogatory name
"Eye-Wash"
93
Swinton acknowledged that he tried to tell as much truth as was allowed in his publications - where id he reveal this
in his memoirs post-war
94
Who was Wilfred Owen?
Poet (mainly pro-war) 7 months training fought in Battle of the Somme

WW1 (15 decks)

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