prolactin FA 01-16 Flashcards

1
Q

Prolactin 2 functions?

A

lactogenesis and breast growth (with estrogen)

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2
Q

prolactin is structural homolog to what?

A

growth hormon

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3
Q

What inhibits prolactin synthesis?

A

dopamine

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4
Q

What activates prolactin synthesis?

A

TRH

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5
Q

How prolactine inhibits its release?

A

Promotes dopamine release from hypothalamus –> release of dopamine –> inhibits prolactin

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6
Q

Pregnancy (estrogen) on prolactin?

A

stimulates

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7
Q

breastfeeding on prolactin?

A

stimulates

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8
Q

Sleep on prolactin?

A

stimulates

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9
Q

stress on prolactin?

A

stimulates

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10
Q

TRH on prolactin?

A

stimulates

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11
Q

dopamine antagonists on prolactin?

A

stimulates

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12
Q

dopamine on prolactin?

A

inhibits

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13
Q

somatostatin on prolactin?

A

inhibits

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14
Q

dopamine agonists (bromocriptine) on prolactin?

A

inhibits

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15
Q

prolactin on prolactin?

A

inhibits (negative inhibition vie dopamine release)

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16
Q

what milk components are synthesized due to prolactin?

A

casein and lactose

17
Q

prolactin effect on GnRH?

18
Q

what happens when prolactin inhibits GnRH?

A

decr FSH and LH –> decr. ovulation and spermatogenesis

19
Q

insult to anterior pituitary –> what happens to prolactin?

A

decr. prolactin -> no lactation

20
Q

How does destruction of the hypothalamus or interruption of the hypothalamic-hypophysial tract result in prolactin excess?

A

loss of inhibition by dopamine

21
Q

why infertility when prolactin excess?

A

due to GnRH inhibition

galactorrhea, amenorhea, failure to ovulate, decr. libido, dec. spermatogenesis

22
Q

Dopamine agonists?

A

bromocriptine

22
Q

antipsichotics effect?

A

inhibits dopamine

22
Q

dopamine antagonists?

A

most antipsychotics;
estrogen (OCPs, pregnancy)

THEY STIMULATE PROLACTIN PRODUCTION

22
nipple stimulation effect?
inhibits dopamine
23
OCPs/estrogen effect?
tiesiog stimulates production
23
koks dar weird dopamino inhibition mechanizmas?
Chest wall injury (via ANS)
24
Renal failure and prolactin?
Reduced prolatin elimination
25
primary or secondary hypothyroidism effect?
promotes TRH secretion -> incr. prolaction secr.
26
estradiol and progesterone on prolactin during preganacy?
block effect
27
UW. What prolactin level in prolactinoma?
>200ng/ml
28
UW. if suspect prolactinoma, what other lab test need to do to differentiate?
rule out renal insuff (creatinine) and hypothyroidism (TSH, thyroixine)
29
UW. What size of prolactinoma does not cause mass symtoms?
is less than 1 cm. Do MRI
30
UW. Prolactinoma symptoms in premenopausal?
oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea, infertility, galactorrhea, hot flashes, decr. bone density
31
UW. Prolactinoma symptoms in ppostmenopausal?
mass effect symptoms (headache, visual defects)
32
UW. Prolactinoma symptoms in men?
infertility, decr. libido, impotence, gynecomastia (AKA HYPOGONADISM)