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Biology 2370 > Prokaryotic cell structure > Flashcards

Prokaryotic cell structure Flashcards

1
Q

Do eukaryotes or prokaryotes have a higher diversity of membrane proteins?

A

Prokaryotes

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2
Q

what are the 3 types of archaeal plasma membranes

A

bilayer of isoprene-glycerol ethers, Monolayer of diglycerol or crenarchaeal tetra-ethers

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3
Q

what are the 3 types of membrane proteins

A

integral, peripheral, lipid anchored

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4
Q

Chelating agent for Iron in membrane transport

A

Siderophores

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5
Q

what is more efficient, diffusion or facilitated diffusion

A

Facillitated

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6
Q

what is the name of an active transport protein that hydrolyzes ATP

A

ATP binding cassette (ABC) Transporter

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7
Q

Example of group translocation

A

Phosphoenolpyruvate Phosphotransferase system

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8
Q

Monosaccharides in peptidoglycan?

A

N-Acetylglucosamine and N-Acetylmuramic acid

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9
Q

How does lysozyme affect the Peptidoglycan layer?

A

It hydrolyzes the bond between NAM and NAG

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10
Q

What connects the outer membrane to the peptidoglycan in a G- Cell

A

Braun’s lipoproteins

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11
Q

What bacteria don’t have a cell wall?

A

Mycoplasmas

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12
Q

S layer structure and function in archaea

A

Made of repeating units of glycoproteins

Act as cell wall, provide structure, can exclude certain molecules

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13
Q

Pseudomeurine

A

pseudopeptidoglycan found in archaea

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14
Q

Methanochondroitin

A

similar to eukaryotic connective tissue, Found in archaeal cell walls

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15
Q

3 parts of bacterial flagella

A

Filament, Hook, Basal Body

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16
Q

2 types of archaeal attachment structures

A

Cannulae and Hami

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17
Q

Difference in energy transfer between Archaellum and bacterial flagellum?

A

Bacteria use proton motive force and archaea use direct hydrolysis of ATP

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18
Q

Parts of bacterial flagellum Motor

A

Rotor and Stator

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19
Q

Taxis

A

Movement to or from a stimulant

20
Q

Runs flagella direction

A

counter clockwise

21
Q

Tumbles flagella direction

A

Clockwise

22
Q

Swarming

A

group behavior in archaea or bacteria

23
Q

Spirochete movement structure

A

periplasmic flagella

24
Q

Where is Teichoic acid found?

A

The Peptidoglycan layer of the Gram positive cell wall

25
Q

Bacterial S-layer

A

Layer of repeating Glycoprotein external to cell wall

G+ or G-

26
Q

Genus of archaea where Cannulae are found

A

Pyrodictum

27
Q

Bacterial flagellum Stator proteins

A

Mot A and Mot B

28
Q

Bacterial flagellum Rotor proteins

A

C Ring and MS Ring

29
Q

Bacterial structure related to Archaellum?

A

Type IV pilus

30
Q

Archaellum Functions

A

Twitching, cell to cell interaction and adhesion

31
Q

Plasma membrane and everything in it

A

Protoplast

32
Q

FtsZ orthologue of what?

A

tubulin orthologue, behaves more like actin

33
Q

Mreb orthologue of what?

A

actin orthologue

34
Q

Crenactin orthologue of what?

A

archaea actin orthologue

35
Q

Cres orthologue of what?

A

Intermediate filaments orthologue

36
Q

Intracytoplasmic membranes

A

Infoldings of the plasma membrane with some specific function

37
Q

Inclusion Bodies

A

material stored for later, Might be membrane bound (protein or lipid)

38
Q

Microcompartments

A

Inclusion body for something other than storage

39
Q

Nucleiod

A

Region of the chromosome anchored by cytoskelton

40
Q

A plasmid that has been integrated into the chromosome

A

Episome

41
Q

Who Forms Endospores?

A

Some G+ Bacteria

42
Q

Bacterial Endospore DNA is different how?

A

Complexed with calcium and dipicolinic acid for stability. Acid soluble DNA binding Proteins attached

43
Q

Layers of Bacterial Endosper?

A

Exosporium, Spore coat, Cortex, Core, DNA

44
Q

Bacterial Ribosome Subunit sizes

A

30S and 50S

45
Q

R-Plasmids

A

Confer Drug Resistance

46
Q

Col Plasmids

A

Produce Toxins

47
Q

Archaea have plasmids?

A

Yes, Circular dsDNA

Biology 2370 (11 decks)

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