Prokaryotic Cell Internal Structures

Question 1

What is the structure of the Plasma Membrane?

Answer 1

Phospholipid Bilayer that encloses the cytoplasm

Question 2

What is the primary function of the Plasma Membrane/Phospholipid Bilayer?

Answer 2

Regulates what enters and exits the cell by being selectively permeable

Question 3

What can destroy the Plasma Membrane?

Answer 3

Alcohols and Cell Lysis

Question 4

Describe the structure of a lipid?

Answer 4

Polar Heads and Non-Polar Tails
(Tails face each other inside the 2 layers of the plasma membrane)

Question 5

If a bacterial cell subjected to a hypotonic solution, describe how the concentration of solutes differs inside/outside of the cell.

Answer 5

The overall concentration of solutes is lower outside of the cell.

Question 6

If a bacterial cell is subjected to an isotonic solution, describe how the concentration of solutes differs inside/outside of the cell.

Answer 6

The overall concentration of solutes inside and outside of the cell are equal.

Question 7

If a bacterial cell is subjected to a hypertonic solution, describe how the concentration of solutes differs inside/outside of the cell.

Answer 7

The overall concentration of solutes is higher outside of the cell.

Question 8

What are 6 components of the cytoplasm of a prokaryotic cell.

Answer 8

1. Water
2. DNA
3. Ribosomes
4. Inclusions
5. Inorganic molecules
6. Organic molecules

Question 9

Do Prokaryotic cells have a Cytoskeleton?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

Describe the cytoskeleton of Prokaryotic
Cells.

Answer 10

A protein framework which provides structure and rigidity to cells.

Question 11

In prokaryotes DNA aggregrates in an area that is generally centrally located called what?

Answer 11

Nucleoid or Nuclear Area

Question 12

The bacterial chromosome is circular and takes up what percentage of the cell’s volume?

Answer 12

20%

Question 13

The circular bacterial chromosome is attached to the plasma membrane. Many bacteria also contain a small ring of DNA called a what?

Answer 13

Plasmid

Question 14

PLASMIDS replicate independently of the chromosome. They may be gained or lost without complete loss of function. Can they be transferred from one bacteria to another?

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

Plasmids carry genes for what 4 significant purposes?

Answer 15

1. Antibiotic resistance
2. Tolerance to toxic metals
3. Toxin production
4. Synthesis of enzymes