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MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY > Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells > Flashcards

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the two general categories of living cells?

A

(1) Prokaryotes
(2) Eukaryotes

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2
Q

Are organisms that do not possess a true nucleus and a membrane-bound organelles

A

Prokaryotes

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3
Q

Are organisms that possess a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They are usually multicellular organisms and include plants, animals, fungi, parasites, and algae

A

Eukaryotes

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4
Q

Are acellular microorganisms that possesses only DNA or RNA. They are dependent on host cells for their replication and are considered as obligate parasites

A

Viruses

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5
Q

Smaller in size about 1-2, 2-4 min or less

A

Prokaryote

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6
Q

Greater in size about 5 min in diameter

A

Eukaryote

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7
Q

Genetic material (DNA) is usually circular

A

Prokaryote

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8
Q

Genetic material (DNA) is usually linear

A

Eukaryote

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9
Q

Cell wall is complex

A

Prokaryote

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10
Q

Cell wall is simple

A

Eukaryote

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11
Q

Cell division is through budding or binary fission

A

Prokaryote

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12
Q

Cell division is through mitosis

A

Eukaryote

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13
Q

Sexual reproduction is through tranfer of DNA

A

Prokaryote

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14
Q

Sexual reproduction is through meiosis

A

Eukaryote

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15
Q

Function as mitochondria and golgi complex in a prokaryotic cell

A

Mesosome

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16
Q

Ribosomes are located in the cytoplasm

A

Prokaryote

17
Q

Ribosomes are located in membranes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and chloroplast

A

Eukaryote

18
Q

Give similarities between eukaryotes and prokaryotes

A

Contain DNA
Contain ribosomes
Have cell membrane
Contain cytoplasm

19
Q

What is the outer surface of a virus called?

A

Capsid

20
Q

Capsid is composed of repeating sub-units called what?

A

Capsomeres

21
Q

True or False

Viruses possess only a single nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, but never both

A

True

22
Q

True or False

Viruses possess both nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)

A

False

23
Q

Viruses rely on the cellular machinery of the host cell for protein and energy production. Hence, they are considered what?

A

Obligate intracellular parasites

24
Q

Give the different types of viral shapes

A

Icosahedral
Helical
Polyhedral
Complex

25
Q

A special type of viruses that primarily infect bacteria

A

Bacteriophages

26
Q

The outer covering of bacteria that is composed mainly of petidoglycan

A

Cell wall

27
Q

Bacteria are categorized into:

A

(1) Gram-negative bacteria with cell wall
(2) Gram-positive bacteria with cell wall
(3) Acid-fast bacteria with lipid-rich cell wall
(4) Bacteria without cell wall

28
Q

Fungi has an outer surface mainly composed of what?

A

Chitin

29
Q

The cell membrane of fungi is made up mostly of what?

A

Ergosterol

30
Q

Are representatives for parasites

A

Protozoa

31
Q

Protozoa has an outer surface called what?

A

Pellicle

32
Q

Protozoa majority exist in two morphologic forms. What are those forms?

A

Cysts and Trophozoites

33
Q

A morphologic form of protozoa that is an infective stage

A

Cyst

34
Q

A morphologic form of protozoa that is a pathogenic stage

A

Trophozoite

35
Q

Algae has an outer surface primarily composed of what?

A

Cellulose

36
Q

They are described as plant-like organisms because most of them have chlorophyll and are thus capable of photosynthesis

A

Algae

37
Q

They do not produce significant disease in humans, rather they are important source of food, iodine, and other minerals. They may also be used as fertilizers, emulsifiers for puddings, and stabilizers for ice cream and salad dressings

A

Algae

MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY (5 decks)

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