Introduction to Microbiology Flashcards
Derived from the Greek words “mikros” (small), “bios” (life), and “logia” (study of). It is therefore the study of organisms that are so small they cannot be seen with the naked eye
Microbiology
Two categories of microorganisms
(1) Cellular
(2) Acellular
Prokaryotic microorganisms
Bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Archeans
Eukaryotic microorganisms
Fungi, Protozoa, Algae
Acellular microorganisms
Viruses, Viroids, Satellites, Plasmids, Phagemids, Cosmids, Transposons, Prions
Study of bacteria
Bacteriology
Study of virus
Virology
Study of fungi
Mycology
Study of protozoa and parasitic worms
Parasitology
Study of algae
Phycology
Study of immune system and immune response
Immunology
Microorganisms that inhabit the human body which only produces disease in persons with compromised immune systems
Normal flora or Indigenous flora
Knowledge available in the study of genetics and biochemistry utilize them as model organisms
Microorganisms
Penicillin was derived from what fungus?
Penicillum notatum
Drugs which are compounds that block the growth and reproduction of bacteria
Antibiotics
Different types of fossils of primitive microorganisms have been found in ______ formations, dating back to as early as 3.5 billion years ago, long before the existence of animals and humans
Ancient rock
In 3180BC, an epidemic known as the “_____” broked out in Egypt
“plague”
In 1122BC, an outbreak of a smallpox-like disease spread worldwide. In what country smallpox originated from?
China
He was able to discover the cell
Robert Hooke
The basic unit of living organisms
Cell
A Durch merchant, created a single-lens microscope that he used to make observations of microorganisms
Anton von Leeuwenhoek
Leeuwenhoek makes observations of microorganisms which he then called “_____”
“Animalcules”
Anton von Leeuwenhoek was known as “_____”
Father of Microbiology
He became known as the “Father of Microbiology” and was the one who provided accurate descriptions of bacteria, protozoa, and fungi
Anton von Leeuwenhoek
He performed in the middle and late 1800s, countless experiments that led to his germ theory of disease
Louis Pasteur
States that microorganisms known as pathogens or “germs” can cause disease
Germ theory of disease
He postulated that microorganisms were in the environment and could cause infectious diseases
Louis Pasteur
He developed the process of pasteurization
Louis Pasteur
He introduced the terms aerobes and anaerobes and developed the fermentation process
Louis Pasteur
A technique that involves killing microorganisms by heating liquids at high temperatures for short amounts of time without affecting the taste or nutritional value
Pasteurization
A metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substances through the action of enzymes
Fermentation
He proved that microorganisms caused certain disease through a series of scientific steps which led to his formulation of the “Koch’s postulates”
Robert Koch
He discovered the vaccine of smallpox
Edward Jenner
He applied the theory to medical produces paving the way to the development of aseptic surgery
Joseph Lister
He discovered “salvarsan” for the treatment of syphilis
Paul Ehrlich
This drug was heralded the “magic bullet” of chemotherapy, which is treatment of disease by using chemical substances
Salvarsan
A sexually transmitted infectious (STI) disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. This bacterium causes infection when it gets into broken skin or mucus membranes, usually of the genitals
Syphilis
He discovered the antibiotic penicillin from the mold Penicillum notatum
Alexander Fleming
Are minsicule organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye
Microorganisms
