Prokaryote Vs. Eukaryotes

Question 1

Composition of glycocalyx

Answer 1

polysaccharides, polypeptides or both

Question 2

To types od glycocalycx

Answer 2

1. Capsule

2. slime layer

Question 3

Slime layer glycocalyx function

Answer 3

Sticky - allows bacteria to adhere to stuff

Question 4

Capsule glycocalyx function

Answer 4

may prevent host recognition of bacteria

Question 5

Flagella do what

Answer 5

produce movement on bacteria

Question 6

Fimbrae do what they serve an important function in what bacterial thing

Answer 6

allow bacteria to adhere to things. important in formation of biofilms

Question 7

pili do what for bacteria

Answer 7

allow them to “get it on” - transfer DNA from one bacteria to another

Question 8

What is a biofilm what kinds of things are in it

Answer 8

Groups of microorganisms living together on a surface

bacteria, archae, protozoa, fungi, and/or algae

Question 9

Bacterial cell walls do what (3 things)

Answer 9

1. provide structure
2. shape
3. protect from osmotic forces

Question 10

Gram (+)
structure meaning
color of staining

Answer 10

Thick layer of peptido glycan

purple

Question 11

Gram (-)
structure meaning
color of staining

Answer 11

Thin layer of peptido glycan

red

Question 12

Lipid A
where from
what is it

Answer 12

released from dead gram (-) bacteria
potent endotoxin
may cause trigger fever, inflammation, etc…

Question 13

Bacterial membrane function what in is allows substances to cross the membrane

Answer 13

naturally impermeable to most substances

proteins

Question 14

Non membranous organelles in bacteria

Answer 14

Cytoskeleton

ribsomes

Question 15

Endospores

how long preserved?

Answer 15

strategy of bacteria to survive in unfavorable conditions
contains DNA and some cytosol in hard exterior
25-40 million years

Question 16

The cytoskeleton is present in all prokaryotes

True or False

Answer 16

False - only present in some

Question 17

Ribosomes are present in all prokaryotes

True or False

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Glycocalyx is present in ______ eukaryotes and _______prokaryotes

Answer 18

1. all

2. some

Question 19

Motility is present in ______ eukaryotes and ______prokaryotes

Answer 19

1. some

2. some

Question 20

Flagella are present in ____ eukaryotes and _____ prokaryotes

Answer 20

1. some

2. some

Question 21

Cillia are present in ______ eukaryotes and ______ prokaryotes

Answer 21

1. Some

2. None

Question 22

Fimbrae or pili are present in ____ eukaryotes and _____ prokaryotes

Answer 22

1. none

2. some

Question 23

Cell wall present in _____ eukaryotes and ____ prokaryotes

Answer 23

1. plants algea fungi

2. present in most

Question 24

Ribosome are _____ in Eukaryotes and _____ in prokaryotes

Answer 24

1. Large (80s)

2. Small (70s)

Question 25

There are ____ chromosomes/cell in prokaryotes

Answer 25

one

Question 26

What is group translocations

Answer 26

and active process in bacterial cells where something crosses the cell’s membrane and is chemically modified during transport

Question 27

viruses are made of ____ or ____

Answer 27

RNA or DNA

Question 28

viruses are said to be ________

Answer 28

acellular

Question 29

What is the difference between a viron and virus

Answer 29

Viron is extracellular state and has a protein coat called a capsid or phospholipid layer called an envelope

Question 30

What are the two different things a viron can be covered in what purpose do they serve (2)

Answer 30

1. Capsid - protein coat
2. Envelope - phospholipid
3. provide protection and means of attachment to host cell

Question 31

What is the intracellular state of a virus - what does it exist as

Answer 31

capsid is removed
called a virus
exists only as nucleic acid

Question 32

Where does a virus get its envelope from

Answer 32

acquired from host cell

Question 33

What are the 5 steps of the lytic replication cycle

Answer 33

1. Attachment of viron to host cell
2. Entry of viron or genome into host cell
3. Synthesis of new virus parts by host cell machinery
4. assembly of new viron in host cell
5. Release of new virons from host cell