Prokaryote Vs. Eukaryotes Flashcards
Composition of glycocalyx
polysaccharides, polypeptides or both
To types od glycocalycx
- Capsule
2. slime layer
Slime layer glycocalyx function
Sticky - allows bacteria to adhere to stuff
Capsule glycocalyx function
may prevent host recognition of bacteria
Flagella do what
produce movement on bacteria
Fimbrae do what they serve an important function in what bacterial thing
allow bacteria to adhere to things. important in formation of biofilms
pili do what for bacteria
allow them to “get it on” - transfer DNA from one bacteria to another
What is a biofilm what kinds of things are in it
Groups of microorganisms living together on a surface
bacteria, archae, protozoa, fungi, and/or algae
Bacterial cell walls do what (3 things)
- provide structure
- shape
- protect from osmotic forces
Gram (+)
structure meaning
color of staining
Thick layer of peptido glycan
purple
Gram (-)
structure meaning
color of staining
Thin layer of peptido glycan
red
Lipid A
where from
what is it
released from dead gram (-) bacteria
potent endotoxin
may cause trigger fever, inflammation, etc…
Bacterial membrane function what in is allows substances to cross the membrane
naturally impermeable to most substances
proteins
Non membranous organelles in bacteria
Cytoskeleton
ribsomes
Endospores
how long preserved?
strategy of bacteria to survive in unfavorable conditions
contains DNA and some cytosol in hard exterior
25-40 million years
The cytoskeleton is present in all prokaryotes
True or False
False - only present in some
Ribosomes are present in all prokaryotes
True or False
True
Glycocalyx is present in ______ eukaryotes and _______prokaryotes
- all
2. some
Motility is present in ______ eukaryotes and ______prokaryotes
- some
2. some
Flagella are present in ____ eukaryotes and _____ prokaryotes
- some
2. some
Cillia are present in ______ eukaryotes and ______ prokaryotes
- Some
2. None
Fimbrae or pili are present in ____ eukaryotes and _____ prokaryotes
- none
2. some
Cell wall present in _____ eukaryotes and ____ prokaryotes
- plants algea fungi
2. present in most
Ribosome are _____ in Eukaryotes and _____ in prokaryotes
- Large (80s)
2. Small (70s)
There are ____ chromosomes/cell in prokaryotes
one
What is group translocations
and active process in bacterial cells where something crosses the cell’s membrane and is chemically modified during transport
viruses are made of ____ or ____
RNA or DNA
viruses are said to be ________
acellular
What is the difference between a viron and virus
Viron is extracellular state and has a protein coat called a capsid or phospholipid layer called an envelope
What are the two different things a viron can be covered in what purpose do they serve (2)
- Capsid - protein coat
- Envelope - phospholipid
- provide protection and means of attachment to host cell
What is the intracellular state of a virus - what does it exist as
capsid is removed
called a virus
exists only as nucleic acid
Where does a virus get its envelope from
acquired from host cell
What are the 5 steps of the lytic replication cycle
- Attachment of viron to host cell
- Entry of viron or genome into host cell
- Synthesis of new virus parts by host cell machinery
- assembly of new viron in host cell
- Release of new virons from host cell
