Chapter 1. Stem Cells Flashcards
What are 4 specific types of stem cells
- Totipotent
- Pluripotent
- Multipotent
- Unipotent
What is the general concept of stem cells (list 3ex)
- Stem cells can self renew
- They are cells that can develop into the whole organism
- They can generate daughter cells that can differentiate into many specialized cells
what type of cells can develop into the whole organism
totipotent stem cells
what type of cells can develop into all cell types of the body (minus supporting structures)
pluripotent stem cells
what type of cells can develop into a smaller number of specialized cells
multipotent stem cells
what type of cells can develop into a single cell type
unipotent stem cells
What type of stem cells are present in the blastocyst stage of development
Multipotent
What type of stem cells are present in the 8 cell stage of development
pluripotnent
Define plasticity
The ability to differentiate into many cells types
Name 4 types of multipotent stem cells
- Hematopoeitic
- Skin
- Neural
- Epithelial
The ________ stem cell is a type of multipotent stem cell found in adults
mesenchymal
What adult stem cell is originally found in bone marrow
mesenchymal
The mesenchymal stem cell can be found in what 7 locations
- adipose tissue
- nervous system
- skin
- tendon
- ligament
- synovial membranes
- trabecular bone
These adult stem cells can give rise to:
- osteoblasts
- Chondrocytes
- adipocytes
- Other connective tissue
mesenchymal
What type of stem cell renewal gives rise to two stem cell daughter cells
symmetric cell division
What type of stem cell renewal gives rise to two differentiated daughter cells
symmetric cell division
What type of stem cell renewal gives rise to a stem cell daughter cell and a differentiated daughter cell
asymmetric cell division
Dysregulation of what type of stem cell renewal can lead to cancer
asymmetric
What is the stem cell niche (3 bullet points)
- Microenvironment that controls stem cell self renewal
- Prevents stem cells from becoming depleted or overproduced
- controlled by extrinsic and intrinsic signaling
what does IPS stand for and what is it
Induced pluripotent stemcell, a cell that returns/is reprogrammed to its pluripotent state through induction of genes that encode for specific transcription factors
