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Cell Phys > Ch2. ECM and Adhesions > Flashcards

Ch2. ECM and Adhesions Flashcards

1
Q

Connective tissue is made of

A

cells and ECM

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2
Q

Name two things cell adhesions do

A
  1. maintain tissue environment

2. Used as a tool for communication

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3
Q

The ECM is comprised of what 2 things (big picture)?

A
  1. Proteins and Polysaccharides
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4
Q

What are more specific components of the ECM (3)

A
  1. Proteoglycans
  2. Fibrous Proteins
  3. Adhesive Proteins
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5
Q

What is a GAG. GIve 2 examples

A

repeating disaccharide of acidic sugar and amino sugar

1. Glucosamine 2. Galactosamine

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6
Q

What component of the ECM is comprised of aggregates of GAGs and proteins

A

Proteoglycans

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7
Q

Why do proteoglycans attract H2O?

A

Highly negative

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8
Q

What is a proteoglycan monomer

A

Protein core with all other GAGs (except hyaluronic acid) bound to it - looks like a bottle brush

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9
Q

What is a proteoglycan aggregate

A

Protein core with hyaluronic acid noncovalently attracted to it

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10
Q

What are fibrous proteins of the ECM made of, what purpose do they serve

A

long strands of amino acids, serve a structural purpose

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11
Q

Elastin is able to _____ and ______ without tearing

A

Stretch and relax

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12
Q

What is the name of the syndrome given to those who have a genetic defect in structure or synthesis of fibril collagen ( all types of fibers). How many types are there?
what does it effect?

A

Ehlers-danlos syndrome
6 types
All joints, some skin

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13
Q

What is the principle adhesive protein in epithelial tissues

A

laminin (think basal lamina)

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14
Q

what is adhesive protein is a glycoprotein

A

laminin

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15
Q

Adhesive proteins contain what 3 binding domains

A
  1. cell
  2. proteoglycans
  3. collagen
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16
Q

What do tight junctions do give an example of where they can be found

A
  1. seal epithelial cells together to prevents leaks between

BBB

17
Q

What do Adherens do

A

joins actin bundles between cells
anchors cell to another cell
A “hand shake” between cells

18
Q

What do desmosomes do

A

anchor filaments between cells

19
Q

What do gap junctions do what are they important for

A

allows small water soluble molecules to pass between cells, important for cell to cell communication

20
Q

What do hemidesmosomes do

A

anchors filaments to basement membrane (basal lamina)

21
Q

What happens if there is too little cell adhesion, why

A
  • improper immune system function - the immune system functions by “sticking to stuff”
22
Q

What happens if there is too much cell adhesion (3)

A

excessive cell binding
inflammation
potential for clot

23
Q

ICAM-1 is an example of what

A

a cell receptor that is common for many rhinoviruses

24
Q

what is the principal adhesive protein in connective tissue

A

fibronectin

Cell Phys (11 decks)

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