Project Stakeholder Management

Question 1

4 processes

Answer 1

1. identify stakeholders
2. plan stakeholder engagement
3. manage stakeholder engagement
4. monitor stakeholder engagement

Question 2

Interactive communications

Answer 2

This type of communication means that information is happening among stakeholders, like in a forum. Examples of interactive communications are meetings, videoconferences, phone calls, and ad-hoc conversations. Interactive communications means that the participants are actively communicating with one another.

Question 3

Brain writing

Answer 3

A data gathering technique that’s similar to brainstorming, but provides brainstorming meeting participants with the questions and topics for brainstorming before the stakeholder identification meeting

Question 4

Key stakeholder

Answer 4

Stakeholders—such as management, the project manager, program manager, or customers—that have the authority to make decisions in the project.

Question 5

Leading stakeholder status

Answer 5

Part of stakeholder analysis classification. A leading stakeholder is aware of your project, they want your project to be successful, and the stakeholder is working to make certain the project is a success.

Question 6

Negative stakeholder

Answer 6

A stakeholder who does not want the project to exist and is opposed to the project.

Question 7

Neutral stakeholder

Answer 7

A stakeholder who has neither a positive nor negative attitude about the project’s existence

Question 8

Neutral stakeholder status

Answer 8

Part of stakeholder analysis classification. A neutral stakeholder is aware of your project and is not concerned if the project succeeds or fails

Question 9

Positive stakeholder

Answer 9

A stakeholder who sees the benefits of the project and is in favor of the change the project is to bring about.

Question 10

Profile analysis meeting

Answer 10

This is an analysis meeting to examine and document the roles in the project. The role’s interests, concerns, influence, project knowledge, and attitude are documented.

Question 11

Pull communications

Answer 11

This type of communication pulls information from a central repository. Pull communications allow stakeholders to retrieve information from a central source as needed.

Question 12

Push communications

Answer 12

This type of communication happens when the sender pushes the same message to multiple people. Good examples of push communications are broadcast text messages, faxes, press releases, and group e-mails.

Question 13

Reporting system

Answer 13

A reporting system is a software program to store and analyze project data for reporting. A common reporting system will take project data, allow the project manager to pass the data through earned value management, for example, and then create forecasting reports about the project costs and schedule.

Question 14

Resistant stakeholder status

Answer 14

Part of stakeholder analysis classification. A resistant stakeholder is aware of your project, but they do not support the changes your project will create.

Question 15

Stakeholder

Answer 15

Identify as early in the project as possible. Anyone who is affected by the existence of the project or who can affect the project’s existence. Stakeholders can enter and exit the project as conditions change within the project.

• persons and organizations
• involved in the project
• affected positively or negatively by the project
• some can exert influence over the project
• classify stakeholders according to interest, influence, involvement

Question 16

Stakeholder analysis

Answer 16

An activity that ranks stakeholders based on their influence, interests, and expectations of the project. Stakeholders are identified and ranked, and then their needs and expectations are documented and addressed.

• stakeholder stakes: position and/or interest by the project
• rights legal or moral
• ownership of assets
• knowledge
• contribution

Question 17

Stakeholder classification models

Answer 17

These are charts and diagrams that help the project manager determine the influence of stakeholders in relation to their interest in the project. Common classification models include the power/interest grid, the power/influence grid, the influence/impact grid, and the salience model.

Question 18

Stakeholder engagement

Answer 18

The project manager works to keep the project stakeholders interested, involved, and supportive of the project. Through communication, management skills, and interpersonal skills, the project manager can work to keep the project stakeholders engaged and interested in the project.

Question 19

Stakeholder identification

Answer 19

A project initiation activity to identify, document, and classify the project stakeholders as early as possible in the project.

Question 20

Stakeholder management

Answer 20

The project management knowledge area that focuses on the management and engagement of the project stakeholders. There are four processes in this knowledge area: identify stakeholders, plan stakeholder management, manage stakeholder engagement, and Monitor Stakeholder Engagement.

Question 21

Stakeholder engagement plan

Answer 21

The stakeholder engagement plan documents a strategy for managing the engagement of project stakeholders. The stakeholder engagement plan establishes stakeholder engagement and defines how the project manager can increase and improve stakeholder engagement.

Question 22

Stakeholder engagement planning

Answer 22

The project manager works with the project team and subject matter experts to create a strategy to manage the project stakeholders.

Question 23

Stakeholder register

Answer 23

Documentation of each stakeholder’s contact information, position, concerns, interests, and attitude toward the project. The project manager updates the register as new stakeholders are identified and when stakeholders leave the project.

• stakeholder name and classification
• geographic location
• project role and contribution
• project requirements and expectations
• project influence
• phase of the project the stakeholder is most concerned with
• details of stakeholder’s role, internal, external, supporter, or against project, or neutral

Question 24

Supportive stakeholder status

Answer 24

This is part of stakeholder analysis classification. A supportive stakeholder is aware of your project and is supportive and hopeful that the project will be successful.

Question 25

Unaware stakeholder status

Answer 25

Part of stakeholder analysis classification. An unaware status means the stakeholder doesn’t know about the project and the effect the project may create on the stakeholder.

Question 26

ITTOs Identifying Project Stakeholders

Answer 26

• inputs: Project charter, Business docs, business case, benefits management plan, PM plan, communications management plan, stakeholder engagement plan, Project docs, change log, issue log, requirements documentation, agreements, EEFs and OPAs
• tools and techniques: expert judgment, data gathering, questionnaires and surveys, brainstorming, data analysis, stakeholder analysis, document analysis, data representation, stakeholder, mapping/representation, meetings
• outputs: stakeholder register, change requests, PM plan updates, requirements management plan, communications management plan, risk management plan, stakeholder engagement plan, Project docs updates, assumption log, issue log, risk register

Question 27

3 steps of stakeholder identification

Answer 27

1. identify the project stakeholders and their: interest, influence, project contributions, contact info, expectations
2. prioritize the identified stakeholders base on their: power, influence, impact
3. anticipate and plan how stakeholder will respond in different project scenarios

Question 28

stakeholder analysis grids

Answer 28

• power/interest grid
• power/influence grid
• influence/impact grid
• salience model: power, urgency, legitimacy

Question 29

stakeholder analysis: influence

Answer 29

• upwards: senior management, customer, or steering committee
• downwards: project team, SME, or consultant
• Outwards: suppliers, vendors, government agencies, customers, or public
• sidewards: other PM or middle management who need the same resources
• prioritization: some stakeholders have greater priority than others

Question 30

ITTOs Manage Stakeholder Engagement

Answer 30

• inputs: PM plan, communications management plan, risk management plan, stakeholder engagement plan, change management plan, Project docs, change log, issue log, lessons learned register, stakeholder register, EEFs and OPAs
• tools and techniques: expert judgment, communication skills, feedback, interpersonal and team skills, conflict management, cultural awareness, negotiation, observation/conversation, political awareness, ground rules, meetings
• outputs: change requests, PM plan updates, communications management plan, stakeholder engagement plan, Project docs updates, change log, issue log, lessons learned register, stakeholder register

Question 31

ITTOs Plan Stakeholder Engagement

Answer 31

• creating a strategy to manage the stakeholders, alignment with other stakeholders
• inputs: Project charter, PM plan, resource management plan, communications management plan, risk management plan, Project docs, assumption log, change log, issue log, project schedule, risk register, stakeholder register, agreements, EEFs and OPAs
• tools and techniques: expert judgment, data gathering, benchmarking, data analysis, assumption and constraint analysis, decision making, prioritization/ranking, data representation, mind mapping, stakeholder engagement assessment matrix, meetings
• outputs: stakeholder engagement plan

Question 32

five-levels of stakeholder engagement

Answer 32

• unaware
• resistant
• neutral
• supportive
• leading

Question 33

ITTOs Monitor Stakeholder Engagement

Answer 33

• inputs: PM plan, resource management plan, communications management plan, stakeholder engagement, Project docs, issue log, lessons learned register, project communications, risk register, stakeholder register, work performance data, EEFs and OPAs
• tools and techniques: Data analysis, alternative analysis, root cause analysis, stakeholder analysis, decision making, multicriteria decision analysis, voting, data representation, stakeholder engagement assessment matrix, communications skills, feedback, presentations, interpersonal and team skills, active listening, cultural awareness, leadership, networking, political awareness, meetings
• outputs: work performance information, change requests, PM plan updates, resource management plan, communications management plan, stakeholder engagement plan, Project docs updates, issue log, lessons learned register, risk register, stakeholder register