Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

APM > Project LifeCycles > Flashcards

Project LifeCycles Flashcards

1
Q

Linear lifecycle is also known as as

A

Waterfall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many stages does a linear life cycle have

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The linear lifecycle stages are

A

Concept
Definition
Deployment
Transition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Extended lifecycle consist of

A

Adoption, benefits realisation and operations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Project lifecycle =

A

Outputs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Extended lifecycle =

A

Outcomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Concept phase

A

A quick look at the project and decide if it is worth doing any work on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Definition phase

A

Detailed look at the project - the scope and the plan is developed and the determine if it is something we really want to do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Deployment

A

Build and test the product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Transistion

A

Hand the output to the customer , finalise the account , pay the bills and close the project down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In an extended lifecycle the users will use

A

The users will use the product to create outcomes which reflect the new way of doing things and as a result benefits are realised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Benefits realisation are in the ____ and rule alongside

A

Extended lifecycle
Adoption and operations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Termination

A

Once the new stage is achieved we continue to use the product until they are superseded and discontinued

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Iterative like cycle is also known as

A

Agile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the lifecycles

A

Linear, Iterative and Hybrid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How many phases in a iterative lifecycle

A

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Iterative lifecycle consist of

A

Pre project phase
Feasibility stage
Foundation phase
Evolutionary development phase
Deployment phase
Post project phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The pre project phase ensures

A

That only the right projects are started, set up correctly + based on a clearly defined project scope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Within the pre project phase checks will be

A

Made to ensure the project fits within the organisation strategy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The feasibility stage is concerned with

A

Ensuring the project is both technically feasible and from a business perspective it is cost effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The effort associated with the feasibility stage

A

Should be just enough to decide whether further investigation is justified or whether the project should be stopped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The foundation phase establishes a

A

Fundamental but not detailed understanding of the business rationale, the potential solution that will be created and the way development and delivery will be managed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The aim of the foundation phase stage is to

A

Understand the scope of the project and in broad terms how it will be undertaken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In the evolutionary development phase the

A

Solution will evolve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

In the evolutionary phase the teams will use

A

iterative development , time boxing and Moscow prioritisation along with modelling and facilitated workshops to converge overtime a solution that meets the business needs and is built in the right way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Working with time boxes in the evolutionary development phase the team create

A

Solution increments , iteratively exploring the low level detail of the requirements and testing continuously as they move forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

In the deployment phase a baseline

A

Of the evolving solution is brought forward into operational use , the release that is deployed may be the final solution after the last release the project is closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

In the post project phase checks are

A

Undertaken to check how well the expected benefits have been met

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Hybrid life cycles could be used when

A

There is a combination of outputs that require different approaches or where it is not clear at the outset what is needed. ( research and feasibility undertaken iteratively, building the project is done in a linear approach)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does phases within a linear lifecycle improve ?

A

Improves the planning of work to be carried out during the project where specific work elements are presented in a more visible way enabling improved planning decisions to be made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The phased structure within a linear lifecycle permits ______

A

A clearer identification of priorities where there is focus on important factors during each phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The phases within a linear
Lifecycle facilitates_______

A

Increased effective stakeholder communication integrating both the wider stakeholder community and those involved in the daily activities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Phases in a linear life
Cycle improve _________ where specific work elements are ___________ enabling improved _______

A
  • The planning of work to be carried out during the project.
  • presented in a more visible way
  • planning decisions to be made
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The adoption phase does not occur in the ——- lifecycle but does occur in the ————

A
  • Project lifecycle
  • Extended life cycle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The adoption phase occurs in the ?

A

Extended project lifecycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Benefit realisation occurs in the _____ lifecycle

A

Extended lifecycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

The adoption phase facilitates the use of _______ and enables acceptance and the use of ________

A
  • project outputs
  • benefits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

The end users are involved in the _____ phase, where they will use the product to create ____

A

Adoption phase
Benefits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What phase are endusers involved in ?

A

Adoption
Benefit realisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The adoption phase reflect a ?

A

New way of doing things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

The adoption phase is carried out alongside the ________ phase

A

Benefit realisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

The benefit realisation phase is the ?

A

Realisation of the required business benefits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

In the realisation phase endusers are responsible for

A

Realisation of the required business benefits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Whatever life cycle is chosen if will provide a __________ for _________ by acting as important management tool.

A

Structure for governing the work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Approached to deployment range between ?

A

Highly predictive and highly adaptive settings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

More predictive approaches tend to reply on ?

A

Knowledge know at the start allowing work to proceed in a sequential manner.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Adaptive context imply that the new knowledge is ?

A

Crated as the work progresses which is then used to inform and hide the remains effort

48
Q

Adaptive approach allow more key stakeholders to ?

A

Contribute and shape the development process

49
Q

In a linear life cycle the initiative progresses through a _______ series of _____ or ____

A

Sequential
Steps or phases

50
Q

Following a linear lifecycle each phase will provide only _______ until the final desired state is reached usually at the end of the _______. This is suitable for _____ , _______.

A

Partial capability
Last phase
Stable , low risk environments

51
Q

A typical linear life cycle encompasses many phases ?

A

Concept , definition , deployment and transition

52
Q

Concept ?
Definition?
Deployment?
Transition ?

A
  • development of an initial idea through initial studies and high level requirements management and assessment of viability including an outline business case.
  • development of an detailed definition , plans and statement of requirements that include a full justification for the work. Typically a project management plan for the output of the phase.
  • implementation of plans and verification of performance though testing and assurance to realise intended outputs , outcomes and benefits.
  • handover , commissioning and acceptance of outputs to the sponsor and wider wishes culminating in a formal closure.
53
Q

The linear approach aims to be highly ___, ____ and ____. Providing a transparent format for _______ and allowing _______ and ____ over the process.

A

Predictable, structured and stable
Managing contracts
Maximum control and governance

54
Q

The linear life cycles works particularly well for _____ of well understood and clearly defined ____ , trading ___ , _____ and ____ to achieve the right _____ and _______

A

Deployment
Outputs
Time , cost and risk
Quality and scope

55
Q

How many phases are in an iterative
Life cycle ?

A

6

56
Q

During the pre project phase iterative life cycles begin by ?

A

Developing a high level vision

57
Q

The feasibility and the foundation phase in a an iterative lifecycle ensure ?

A

That the finer detail is uncovered during the cycles of iteration .

58
Q

The evolutionary development phase allows ?

A

The specification and design to run in parallel and so fast tracks to deployment .

59
Q

Iterations are used to ?

A

Progressively elaborate and improve understanding based on client interaction with learning between iterations

60
Q

Iterations are applied when the goals are ______ but the means of ______ them are not. The rapid ______ of smaller , partial ______ becomes the basis for gaining fast __ and new _____ about what needs to be done.

A

Clear
Achieving
Deployment
Solutions
Feedback
Insight

61
Q

The deployment phase of an iterative lifecycle seeks to ?

A

Bring the evolving solution into operational use either fully or using incremental solutions. Which delivers partial requirements , utilising user experience to from the next solution increments.

62
Q

The final phase , post project in an iterative lifecycle identifies ?

A

Whether the solution has delivered the benefits to the degree required to achieve the business case

63
Q

Using iterations allows _______ on some of the benefits that have already been implemented while validating the ______ and ______ users.

A

Earlier returns
Concept
Engaging

64
Q

Hybrid life cycles enable a ___________, usually fusing together elements from _____ and _____ perspectives to create a new model or approach.

A

Pragmatic mix of approaches
Predictive and adaptive

65
Q

Iterative using elements from
A predictive and adaptive perspective example ?

A

Utilising iterative or agile methods for early requirements gathering where the uncertainty is the greatest and following it up with a incremental or sequential processes to formalise deployment.

66
Q

The use of prototyping , time boxing or iterative thinking offers ?

A

Tested methods for experimentation and risk reduction.

67
Q

Adding iterative elements to predictive projects can ?

A

Enhance deployment in stages , support the generation of insights, underpin the realisation of an early benefit steam and validate some of the ideas much earlier within the cycle.

68
Q

Phases in a linear lifecycle : clearer identification of priorities

A

The partitioning of work means that
The staged/phases structure enables focus to be Maintained on important factor appropriate to the characteristics of each stage

69
Q

Phases in a linear lifecycle : improved planning of work

A

Allows phases to be broken down typically into stages , work packages and finally to specific activities ensuring more visibility for specific work elements and allowing improved planning decisions to be made. - more efficient as laster stages may be more subject to change

70
Q

Phases in a linear lifecycle : more effective stakeholder communication

A

Enables stake holder to be updated on project status, this is especially useful in ensuring integration of the wider stakeholder community as well as those involved in day to day activity .

71
Q

Phases in a linear lifecycle : improved control

A

The sponsor and project manager can review objectives and tolerances and make appropriate changes to ensure effective control. Such as gate reviews which can provide the sponsor with the opportunity to review the project to consider termination of the objectives or benefits cannot be achieved or changes to the baseline requirement need to be considered to allow the project to continue.

72
Q

Phases in a linear lifecycle : more effective risk management

A

Thorough risk assessments can be conducted at the end of each stage and be used to support go/no go decisions. stages ensure that project management focuses on the most critical areas of risks.

73
Q

Phase structure in a linear lifecycle allow for ?

A
  • improved planning of work
  • clear identification of priorities
    -more effective risk assessment
    -more effective stakeholder communication
    -improved control
74
Q

Project lifecycle vs Extended lifecycle: the additional activities included in the extended life cycle encompasses ?

A

Adoption and benefit realisation

75
Q

Project lifecycle vs Extended lifecycle: Adoption ?

A

Operations and sustainment required to utilise the new project and enable the acceptance and the use of benefits.

76
Q

Project lifecycle vs Extended lifecycle: benefit realisation

A

Realisation of the required business benefits

77
Q

The principal implication of extending the end of the lifecycle to incorporate ________ is that there is a need to start upfront _____ for the supplemental _____ and incorporate additional _____ during the concept and definition phases.

A

Benefit realisation
Planning
Activities
Considerations

78
Q

A review is a ?

A

Critical evaluation of a deliverable, Business case or Project Management process.

79
Q

Reviews are one of the principle _______ by which the quality of _______, performance of the __________ and ongoing _______ of the work are assured.

A

Mechanism
Deliverable
Management process
Viability

80
Q

Reviews investigate one of three aspects of a project :

A

Deliverables
The business case
Management processes

81
Q

Reviews: deliverables -

A

A review can be a procedure for quality control of products delivered by a project or programme

82
Q

Reviews: business case

A

The continued desirability , viability and achievability of the work should be reviewed at set points in the lifecycle - this type of review can result in premature closure of projects and programmes

83
Q

Reviews: management processes

A

A review of part of project assurance to check the work is being well managed

84
Q

Decision Gate: the purpose of a decision gate is to conduct a _____ and confirm ______ of the work across the chosen lifecycle

A

Review
Viability

85
Q

Decision Gate: in a linear lifecycle decision gates are ________ at the end of a phase of work.

A

Event driven

86
Q

Decision Gate: in a iterative life cycle decision gates are _____

A

Time bound

87
Q

Decision Gate: many project or programmes adopt a hybrid life cycle with a _______ of main decision gates at the end of major phases of work ______ by interim review points to reflect the iterative nature of development.

A

Combination
Supplemented

88
Q

Decision Gate: in all cases the sponsor and the wider governance board are accountable for the decision to continue the work reviews in advance of a decision gate ask for key questions :

A

What has been achieved

What is required for the next stage

What are the key decisions to be made

Is the business case still viable - I.e can the desired benefits be achieved for an acceptable level of cost and risk

89
Q

Benefit reviews: a benefit (realisation) review is carried out during ?

A

Benefit realisation and is a formal review of a programme or project

90
Q

Benefits Review: A benefit review is typically conducted ?

A

6-12 months after handover and commissioning of the deliverables.

91
Q

A benefits review maybe repeated through the ?

A

Operational lifecyle of the product

92
Q

Benefits Review: a benefit review is used to answer the questions:

A

Did we achieve what we set out to do in business terms and if not what should be done ?

93
Q

Benefits Review: for a construction development or procurement project a review in undertaken when ?

A

There has been time to demonstrate the business benefits of a new service or building

94
Q

Benefits Review: for. Minor programme of change there will be ?

A

Several benefits review overtime

95
Q

Benefits Review: a benefit review is an essential component of the benefits _________. It checks whether benefits
Including the one set out in the business case have been _______ and _______ opportunities for further improvement.

A

Management process
Achieved and identifies

96
Q

Audit: audit are normally undertaken by ?

A

An independent body , internal or external organisation but independent from the project

97
Q

Audit: an audits objective is to ?

A

Provide assurance to the sponsor that the project is being managed using the agreed governance and process.

98
Q

Stage reviews: these reviews evaluate the ?

A

Progress of the project and should be considered as part of the normal monitoring and control points within a project

99
Q

Stage review : A stage review can be be undertaken by some form of ________ or by the ________ .

A

Assurance function
Project manager

100
Q

Stage review: the purpose of a stage review is to ?

A

Discover whether or not the project is being managed effectively and to encourage learning while doing continual improvement.

101
Q

Stage review: the stage review should be included in the ________ by the _____ and they will use the ______ as their base reference

A

Project schedule
Project manager
Project management plan

102
Q

Stage review: the post project review will use the ______ contained within the stage reviews to form a complete picture of project __________

A

Information
Management performance

103
Q

Stage review: the common areas reviewed include

A

Risk
Estimating accuracy
Safety
Team performance and quality

104
Q

Post-project reviews: the project manager is responsible for arranging a Prost project review that will take place ?

A

Shortly after the project if formally completed (end of transition phase)

105
Q

Post-project reviews: if the project is terminated early the post project review will be conducted at?

A

The point of termination

106
Q

Post-project reviews: the prime objective of a post project review is to ?

A

Learn lessons that may be appropriate to recommend improvements to other project management teams.

107
Q

Post-project reviews: a post project review review document will produced to ?

A

Describe the impact of approved changes on the project management plan , any benefits that can be assessed at this time and confirm the quality of work done during the project meets the quality and expectations of the customer.

108
Q

Post-project reviews: post project reviews must be conducted in a _____. Organisations must be prepared to learn to get most ______. In order for real ____________ or ______ to business processes and supporting infrastructure to be made

A

Open manner
Value
Lessons to be learned
Improvements

109
Q

Post-project reviews: all recommendations must be sufficiently robust for the organisation to ?

A

Be able to act upon them

110
Q

Closing a project early: not all projects are able to achieve the planned ________ as circumstances change overtime.

A

Organisational objectives

111
Q

Closing a project early: if a project cannot achieve the planned organisational objectives it is logical to close the project early to ?

A

Divert investment away from something that is no longer a priority
Towardss
A more useful opportunity

112
Q

Closing a project early: in a organisation where closure of a project is seen as positive decision the concept of _______ is built into the ______ and _______ process

A

Failing fast
Planning and decision making

113
Q

Closing a project early: many projects may look ______ but cease to become so when _______ is known

A

Promising
More information.

114
Q

Closing a project early: it is wrong to continue when there is ?

A

Evidence that sufficient value cannot be created to justify the level of investment considered

115
Q

Closing a project early: the sponsor is responsible for developing _____ that help the _____ to close the projects early

A

Governance approaches
Decision

116
Q

Closing a project early: in cases where the project is closed early the project will not be bowed as a failure but an opportunity for?

A

better utilisation of resources.

APM (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions