progressive era

Question 1

4 main beliefs

Answer 1

1) govt. should be accountable
2) govt should curb over & influence of wealthy interests
3) gov should expand powers to become more active in improving lives
4) govt should be more efficient and less corrupt

Question 2

tr’s 3 cs

Answer 2

conservation, corporate law, consumer

Question 3

square deal results

Answer 3

9 hr workday, 10% in in wage, no formal recognition of union

Question 4

problems w sherman antitrust

Answer 4

• lacked effective enforcement resources
• limited judicial interrpetation

Question 5

northern securities

Answer 5

illegal combination of railroads by stockholders of great northern and northern pacific railroad companies

Question 6

problems w icc

Answer 6

• terms contradicted
• boost competition, penalize competition
• laws created didnt designate enforcement

Question 7

elkins act

Answer 7

rebates

Question 8

hepburn act

Answer 8

gives ic power to investigate private business records and set rates

Question 9

pure food and drug act

Answer 9

forbad manufacture, sale, & transportation of mislabeled food/drugs

Question 10

meat inspection act

Answer 10

prevented adulterer/misbranded meat from being sold & fed inspectors visited meatpacking plants to ensure minimum standards for sanitation

Question 11

newlands reclamation act

Answer 11

funded irrigation projets for arid land

Question 12

national conservation commission

Answer 12

established by gifford pinchot
- prepared first inventory of natural resources

Question 13

giffard pinchot

Answer 13

1st director of us forest serviec
- Pinchot developed policy for land & water
- advised tr into setting aside 200 million for forests, mineral reserves, water projects

Question 14

payne aldirch tariff

Answer 14

compromise over tariff rates (revised and reduced tariffs, fell short of progressives)

Question 15

mann Elkins act

Answer 15

taft felt ica & Hepburn only partially effective, so mea allows icc to set maximum freight rates railroads can charge & extended jurisdiction over telephones and telegraphs

Question 16

richard a balinger

Answer 16

secretary of interior (anti conservationist)
at odds w/ pinchot
- allowed private business to take alaskan public lands for cola use
- lead to pinchot being fired

Question 17

house rules committee

Answer 17

decides bill passsage
- originally sleeted by house speaker (Joseph cannon)
- later changed so full membership appoints

Question 18

1910 midterms

Answer 18

• roosevelt returns
• new nationalism
• dems gain hor & senate control

Question 19

Mann act

Answer 19

criminalizes transportation of women and girls in interstate/foreign commerce

Question 20

underwood tariff act

Answer 20

• federal income tax
• tariff reduction from 40 -> 25

Question 21

clayton antitrust

Answer 21

• strengthened sherman anti-trust
• outlined specific things bb can’t do that leads to or is product of monopolizing
• prevents courts from viewing unions as monpolies
• outlawed injunctions unless irreparable injury was caused

Question 22

union key weapons

Answer 22

(1) strike (2) peaceful protest (3) boycott

Question 23

federal reserve system

Answer 23

1. federal reserve board (appointed by prez)
2. 12 member banks
3. private banks
4. consumer

Question 24

4 economic issues of gilded age

Answer 24

1. too much money on wall street
2. no flexible money supply
3. no central bank
4. no stability in banking sector

–> Wilson wants to overhaul banking system to ease panics & promote competition

Question 25

federal reserve notes

Answer 25

can expand or contract circulation supervised by fed reserve board

Question 26

federal farm loan board

Answer 26

board + system of farm loan banks loaning to farmers for 40-50 years w/ rates lower than commercial

Question 27

brandeis

Answer 27

jewish scouts nominee by wilson brings peak of progressive reofrms - oversaw legislation limiting child labor

Question 28

teddy roosevelt

Answer 28

1901-1909 - election of 1904

Question 29

taft

Answer 29

1909-1913

Question 30

wilson

Answer 30

1913-1921 - election of 1912 - election of 1916

Question 31

settlement houses

Answer 31

organization providing support services to urban poor & European immigrants

Question 32

florence kelley

Answer 32

- hill house - investigate labor conditions lead to a) no child labor b) limited working hours for women c) regulated sweat shop conditions

Question 33

mother jones

Answer 33

- lost everything in great Chicago fire - knights of labors, organized unions - founded international workers of the world

Question 34

rose schneiderman

Answer 34

activist post triangle shirtwaist factory fire - called for city to a) appoint fire inspectors b) make fire drills compulsory c) unlock and fire-proof doors d) require automatic sprinklers

Question 35

robert m la follete

Answer 35

-direct primary: citizens select nominees -wiscosin idea: legislators work with academics experts

Question 36

muckrakers

Answer 36

reform minded journalists and photographers

Question 37

national consumer league

Answer 37

fight for welfare of consumers and workers with little power in marketplace & workplace

Question 38

national child labor committee

Answer 38

proposed model child labor laws - mandatory attendance kept kids out of manual labor

Question 39

lochner vs ny (1905)

Answer 39

ny bakershop act (>60 hr per week or >10 hr per day is prohibited) - violates 14th amendment - interfered w/ private property rights - doesn't advance health or safety objectives

Question 40

muller v oregon (1908)

Answer 40

high court rules health of women need special protection from long hours (doesn't violate 14th amendment)

Question 41

16th amendment

Answer 41

income tax

Question 42

17th amendment

Answer 42

direct election of senators

Question 43

18th amendment

Answer 43

prohibition (repealed)

Question 44

19th amendment

Answer 44

suffrage

Question 45

home rule

Answer 45

cities gain limited degree of self rule - against machines

Question 46

Seth low

Answer 46

supported by municipal reformers, ran against tammany hall - settlement houses helped - low lost, won in 1901, and tammany wn after

Question 47

Galveston model

Answer 47

- Galveston created emergency commission after hurricane struck - so efficient it was permanently instituted - 5 appointed dadminstrators

Question 48

council manager government

Answer 48

ohio flooded - used this form, elected city council which set laws and appointed a city manager

Question 49

initiative

Answer 49

people put laws directly on ballot by garnering signatures

Question 50

referendum

Answer 50

citizens approve/reject law passed by senator

Question 51

recall

Answer 51

voters remove an elected official from office thru referendum before official term has ended