imperialism Flashcards
precedence
- gw farewell address – say clear of pregnant alliances
- monroe doctine - European colonialism in Western Hemisphere is hostile act
- manifest destiny - formation of american empire
early imperialists
seward – alaska
commodore matthew perry - trade with japan
for imperialism (economic reasons)
workers + farmers -> new markets to solve economic problems
rockefeller standard oil, american telephone + telegraph (international businesses)
banana republic —> minor c. Keith & united fruit company
-costa rica, guatemala, honduras
for imperialism (security reasons)
naval officers wanted to modernize steam power ships
alfred t. mahan - “The Influence of Sea Power Upon History” —> influenced TR
- Naval Advisory Board inc navy budget
- Naval Act initiated construction of battleships, gunboats
for imperialism (american spirit reasons)
- Henry lodge, Frederick turner, TR feared us was losing vitality
- Boy Scouts & girl scouts
Josiah strong / Albert j revenge – anglo-saxons»_space;>
journalism sensationalized conflicts to justify imperialism
against imperialism (moral)
Samuel Gompers - constitution must follow the flag
anti imperialist league
against imperialism (racial)
public officials and policymakers, anglo saxons>all else
southern dems feared imperialism b/c of absorbing races into us
against imperialism (economic)
unions thought laborers coming into us would threaten workforce
industrialists knew goods produced cheaply in annexed countries could be imported without custom duties, which hurt industries
not right time – needs taxation, debt, compulsory/required military service
britain-venezuela
disputed ownership of land
richard olney, clevelands’ secretary off tate demanded britain acknowledge monroe doctrine and submit dispute to arbitation
britain eventually agreed
cuba
- weyler, reconcentration
- jose marti wanted us to intervene
de lome letter
uss maine
McKinley war message
- spain refused to accept cuban independence
- McKinley could not resist war
yellow journalism
ny world: pulitzer
ny morning journal: hearst
splendid little war
first volunteer cavalry/rough riders
lead by TR, recruited cowboys, miners, police, athletes
fate of cuba
teller amendment: supporters of cuban independence attached amendment to congress’ 1898 war resolution, promising us wouldn’t annex cuba
yet us kept military govt
1900, us let cuba draft a constitution a constitution – it prohibited american involvement, so america only agreed if it included provisions for naval bases
- platt amendment
puerto rico
never gained independence
military occupation
foraker act 1900 –> created us controlled civil govt
jones act 1917 –> gave them american citizenship
samoa
us offered Samoa protection in return for lease on Pago Pago harbor
britain & Germany competing for control of islands almost led to war
- three nations arranged 3 way protectorate
- withdrawal of gb from Samoa in 1899 left Germany and us to divide land
- year after Hawaii annexations acquired Pago Pago
teddy
Roosevelt colorary
Panama canal
John hay negotiated with columbia, offered 10 mil.
Columbia senate rejected & demanded 2x
tr got mad, used Panamanian independence sentiment to break columbian rule
recognized independence movement and Panama, they gave TR access
Roosevelt peacekeeping
russo Japanese war
- Manchuria, china
- Japan > russia
teddy intervened during peace talks to make sure Japan didn’t win outright (had crushed china a year earlier)
- treaty of Portsmouth:
persuaded Japan to accept grants of land and control of Korea instead of large sum of money
secured promise from Russia to vacate Manchuria
taft
dollar diplomacy
substitute dollars for bulets
EX: railroad projects in Manchuria (eventually lost thru govt. collapse)
EX: LatAm, mining, connecting economies
Wilson
moral diplomacy/missionary diplomacy
refused to recognize Huerta who overthrew and killed madero, even when he promised to protect foreign investments
carranza vs huerta
- Wilson backed Carranza, blocked munition to huerta
- huerta eventually resigned
- wilson withdraws and comes back in when Pancho villa attacks american border towns + Columbus, New Mex. killed 15+
- Wilson sent black jack Pershing to pursue villa, failed
