Progressive Flashcards
Progressivism
A movement of change in business, government, labor, and rights for African Americans, women, and farmers from 1890-1920.
Muckrakers
Expose journalists that exposed corrupt systems in America
Ida Tarbell
Exposed Standard oil and Rockefellers unfair business tactics
Wrote the book “history of standard oil company”
Contributed to the Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Was in the New York Times article “12 greatest women”
Helped working women during WW1
Upton Sinclair
Exposed workers as slaves to meat industry
Intended to raise awareness for the poor workers, instead people focused on disgusting meat
Wrote the book “The Jungle” over 150k copies
Caused the passing of the Meat Inspection Act
Jacob Riis
Exposed the horrible conditions of people living in tenements
Raised awareness with his book “how the other half lives”
Originally from Denmark
Social reformer and friend of Teddy Roosevelt
People are now finding controversial things in his book
Lincoln Steffens
Exposed local government corruption
Wrote for the New York Evening Post
Reported the Mexican Revolution in 1910
Later became dillusioned with communism after visiting Russia
Populist Party / National Grange
Agricultural Organization focus to help farmers economically and politically 1) protest unfair practices by railroad 2) start own bank 3) income tax 4) laws against trusts
Government had the responsibility to protect the common good founded by leaders of the Farmers Alliance alliance between farmers and workers platform
8 hour workday & government ownership of railroads
Democrats adopt ideas
Booker T Washington
Born into slavery
Urged economical and educational advancement for African Americans
Thought the way out of poverty was hard work through trade
Believed trade school was a better way to improve AA status than traditional college
Founder of Tuskegee institute-vocational education
Wrote the book “up from slavery”
Founded the National Business League
WEB Dubois
Born in Massachusetts
Didn’t encounter racism til young adult years
Believed AA needed to be uncompromising in speaking out against discrimination
Civil rights through activism and protest
Disagreed with Booker T. Washington- action NOW!!
one if the founders of the Niagara movement
Editor of the Crisis (NAACP Magazine)
Niagara Movement
(1905) African American group that called for an immediate end to racial discrimination and sought political and economic equality for all blacks, urged AA to demand for their constitutional rights
Led to the NAACP (1909)
Marcus Garvey
Born in Jamaica
Self-educated
Founded the Universal metro improvement association (promoted Africans going back to Africa)
Wanted a separate black nation and separate black govt.
“Back to Africa” movement— actually met with the KKK
Created the Black Star Line to transport blacks back to Africa (convicted of mail fraud and deported)
Robert La Follette
Governer and senator from Wisconsin
“Fighting Bob”
Fought against big businesses and railroad monopolies
Direct primary
Party members chose candidates, not political bosses/electoral college
Referendum
Allowed voters to overturn an existing law
Initiative
Citizens can propose and pass laws by popular vote
Recall
Allowed voters to remove elected officials from office
Triangle shirtwaist dire
A Discarded or cigaete started a fire and over a hundred women died. Everything went wrong for them. The fire exit collapsed, the stair exit was locked, a motor oil barrel exploded Infront of the only exit, and the tallest ladder in New York was 30 feet too short. Some women jumped 8 floors down in desperation.
Carry A. Nation
Hatchet against alcohol
Susan B. Anthony
Fought for womens suffrage, AA rights, and more rights.
Alice Paul
Wrote the equal rights amendment, fought for suffrage, did the hunger strike, and White House strike
Jeanette Rankin
First woman in congress, issued 19th amendment
Women Christian temperance movement
Believed alcohol made husbands unable to support their families
Trustbuster 26th president
Roosevelt: Enforced anti-trust act, heavily against trusts
How did teddy Roosevelt become president
McKinley, who picked him so he didn’t have any power, was assasinated
“Accidental presidency”
“Square Deal”
Ended the laissez-afire theory. Be fair to ALL .AMERICANS
3 Cs
Corporation: attacked trusts, dept of commerce + labor, Elkins Act, Hepburn Act
Conservation: antiquities act, Gifford Pinchot, John Muir, natural resources
Consumer protection: meat inspection act, pure food and drug act, natural resources
16th amendment
1913, income tax
17th amendment
1913, direct election of senators by popular vote
18th amendment
1919, sale of alcohol = illegal (prohibition)
19th amendment
1920, Women can vote!
Rebate
A partial refund of the cost of an item
Why?
1. Attracts costumers (buy this and a 30$ rebate!)
2. Rebates don’t have to be given on the spot like discounts do, Incase a company needed extra money at rhe time
3. Companies get praise by selling things “full price”
Elkins act
1903, No more rebates for trusts
Pure food and drug act
1906, all ingredients must be safe and labeled on a product
Meat inspection act
1906, health standards set, federal inspection of meat
Hepburn act
1906, railroads had to set solid rates and could not provide rebates
Antiquities Act
Land set aside for national parks
President can protect public land
Payne-Aldrich Tariff
1909, lowered, raised, and kept rates on certain items. Included a corporate tax and provided people to study rates and provide recommendations for changes.
“Best tariff bill the republicans every passed” said president Taft
Sherman antitrust act
1890, named for senator John Sherman
Outlawed monopolies and/or conspiracies to make a monopoly. Benefited small authentic business and angered big monopolistic businesses
Domestic policy
The way affairs are handled inside the United States.
Roosevelts domestic policy
Square deal
1902 coal strike
JP Morgan was mistreating his railroad workers horribly and the workers went on strike. Roosevelt stepped is as an arbitrator and actually sided with the workers, cutting their hours and increasing their pay.
Facts about Roosevelt
His mother and wife died on Valentine’s Day on the same year. He was very stout with a squeaky voice. He’s the only president who served over 2 terms, which he served 3. He was a hero in the Spanish American war.
Carrie Catt
American women’s suffrage leader who campaigned for the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which gave U.S. women the right to vote in 1920. Catt served as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association. She also founded the national womens alliance.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Stanton was the first woman to organize the first Woman’s Rights Convention which signaled the beginning of the women’s suffrage movement
Grand picket
More than 1,000 women march around White House in icy, driving rain on eve of President Wilson’s second inauguration. Women couldn’t even be arrested because the signs they were holding up contained direct quotes from President Wilson.
