Professions final Flashcards
Standard 1
respect dignity and rights of pts.
Standard 2
trustworthy and compassionate
Standard 3
make decisions with PT within laws and regulations
Standard 4
Show integrity within relationships
Standard 5
PTA fulfill legal and ethical obligations
Standard 6
PTA shall enhance their competence lifelong acquisition of skills and knowledge
Standard 7
PTA should support organizational behaviors
Standard 8
meet the health needs of people locally, nationally, and globally.
What is the ICF model?
International classification of functioning, disability, and health.
Part 1: function and disability. Body functions and structures and activities participation
Part 2: Environmental factors.
Role of the PT?
- maintain, restore, improve movement, activity, and functioning. Responsible for five elements
- Examination
- Eval
- Diagnosis
- Prognosis
- Intervention
Role of the PTA?
- Application of POC
- Supervised by PT
- Can make modifications within POC
- Can’t alter plan of care.
- Provide info for rationale for intervention treatment
Define pathology
interruption of interference with normal process. (the disease itself).
Example: Parkinsons
Define Impairment
Loss or abnormality of an anatomical, physiological, mental, or emotional nature. Example: muscle weakness, limited ROM ect.
Define functional limitation
abnormality or limitation in individuals ability to carry out a meaningful action or task.
Example: ADLs unable to transfer from chair to bed.
Unable to commute to the grocery store.
Define disability
inability or limitation in performing socially defined roles and tasks that would be normally expected of an individual
Example: self-care, home management, work, community, leisure activities.
Core Values
Accountability Altruism Collaboration Compassion & Caring Duty Excellence Integrity
Accountability
Active acceptance of responsibility for diverse roles, obligations, & actions of PT/PTA including self regulation & behaviors that positively influence client outcomes, the professions, and health of society
Altruism
Primary regard for or devotion to the interest of patients/clients, thus assuming responsibility of placing needs of pt’s ahead of PTA self interest
Collaboration
Working together with pt’s clients, families, communities & professionals in health & other fields to achieve shared goals. Collaboration within PT/PTA team work together, within respective roles to achieve optimal PT services/outcomes
Compassion & Caring
Desire to identify with or sense something of another’s experience; precursor of caring
Caring is the concern, empathy, & consideration for the needs & values of others
Duty
Commitment to meeting one’s obligation to provide effective PT services to pt’s , to serve the profession, & positively influence the health of society
Excellence
Provision of PT services occurs when PT/PTA consistently use current knowledge & skills while understanding person limits, integrate pt perspective, embrace advancement, & challenge mediocrity
Integrity
Steadfast adherence to high ethical standards, being truthful, ensuring fairness, following through on commitments, and verbalizing to others the rational for actions.
Social Responsibility
Promotion of mutual trust between the profession & the larger public that necessitates responding to societal needs for health & wellness
General Supervision
Applies to PTA. PT not required to be on site, but must be available by atleast telecommunication. PT must be able to respond in timely manner.
Direct Supervision
Applies to SPTA. PT/PTA must be physically present & immediately available. PT/PTA will have direct contact with the pt on each date of service. Telecommunications does not meet direct supervision standards.
Direct Personal Supervision
Applies to PT aide/tech. PT/PTA must be physically present & immediately available to supervise tasks related to pt outcomes.
PTA’s may not…
- Specify and/or perform evaluative procedures
- Alter POC or goals
- Recommend equipment/devices/alterations to architectural barriers to persons
- Sign progress notes that design/modify POC
Who can refer to a patient to PT?
- Physician
- Dentist
- Chiropractor
- Podiatrist
Jurisdiction
PT/PTA can only practice in state in which they hold a current license.
Exceptions:
1. Practice in armed forces
2. Part of cont. edu
3. Limited time period (<60days in 12 month time period) - sports team
4. Limited time period (<60days in 12 month time period) - state of emergency. Must notify state board.
Rights of PTA within TPTA
- Attend mtgs
- Speak in debate
- Make & second motions
- Serve as chair or appointed committee
- Serve as member of committee
- Petition to form district
- Petition to form special interest group
Autonomy
Respect for patient self-determination
Beneficence
Promoting interest of patient
Non-maleficence
Cause no harm
Justice
Act Fairly
RIPS
Realm
Individual Process
Situation
Types of Ethical Situations (four things)
Dilemma
Distress
Temptation
Silence
Tests for Right-Wrong Decisions
Legal test Stench test Front-page test Mom test Professional ethics test *If any are positive, not an ethical dilemma
What does HIPAA stand for?
Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act
Patient Bill of Rights
- Select PT of their choosing
- Access info. to practice policies/procedures
- Knowledge of identity of PT/PTA, such as education or background
- Expectation that referral source is not gaining financial benefit
- Involved in development of anticipated goals/outcomes
- Knowledge of risks associated with interventions
- Participation in decisions about POC when possible
- Access to info. about their condition - pt. may have to pay for copy
- HIPPA
- Expectation of safe environment/services
- Timely info. about D/C
- Refusal of PT services
- Info. about initiation/resolution of patient complaints
Informed consent includes (three things)
- Explanation of findings/interventions etc
- Opportunity to ask questions
- Formal request to proceed with POC
The word culture is used because it implies the integrated pattern of human behavior that…________________________.
…“it includes thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of a racial, ethnic, religious or social group.”
The word competence is used because it implies having the capacity to…______.
…“function effectively.”
Cultural Competence
Set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come together in a system, agency or among professionals & enable that system, agency or those professions to work effectively in cross cultural situations.
Ways for a system to become more culturally competent they must…
- Value diversity
- Have capacity for cultural self-assessment
- Be conscious of dynamics inherent when cultures interact
- Institutionalize cultural knowledge
- Develop adaptation to service delivery
Ways to improve cultural competency…
- Take honest look at self
- Pay attn. to systems
- Listen
- Not just about race. Includes culture, religion, etc.
- No finish line. Always learning
What are three reasons for medical records to be reviewed/ audited?
1) quality assurance
2) Research and education
3) Reimbursement
What 2 events shaped development of PT in US
Polio outbreak and WW1
What does APTA stand for
American Physical Therapy Association
How many Continuing Education credits are required and how many years
PT: 30 every 2
PTA: 20 every 2
Which Therapy Setting is more likely to encounter fraud?
Home Health
What is special about therapy in school?
It has to be education based
What is the best resource for finding rules and regulations in Texas?
Texas Rules and practicing Act
How often should a documented meeting between PT/PTA take place?
Every 60 days per law but is recommended every 30 days.
How much does a PTAs vote count for in the APTA
1 full vote
Where should a facility display licenses ?
Prominently displayed in the place of business containing the boards: name, mailing address, phone number and a statement informing consumers that a complaint can be directed to the board.
Autonomy
Respect for patient self determination
Beneficence
Promoting the interest of the patient
Non-maleficence
Cause no harm
Justice
Act fairly
RIPS Model steps:
Recognize and define the ethical issue, reflect, decide the right thing to do, implement, evaluate, re-assess.
Moral Sensitivity
recognize the ethical situation
Moral judgement
Make a decision about right wrong action
Moral Motivation
put moral values over other values
Moral Courage
Should the decision be implemented?
Ethical Situation: Dilemma
2 courses of action can be taken both fulfill an important duty.
Ethical Situation: Distress
right course of action is known but no authority to perform
Ethical Situation: Temptation
choice between right/wrong; stand to benefit from the wrong
Ethical Situation: Silence
ethical values are challenged but no one is speaking about challenging the issue.
Test for right/wrong decisions
Legal, stench, front-page, mom, professional ethics tests.
Rules based
follow rules and duties in place
Ends-based
resolved based on consequences
Care-based
resolved based on relationships and concerns for others
Why can documentation be denied?
(know various reasons) - there are 10 listed
SOAP note
Know what each letter stands for and in general what examples would be.
-S: what patient says
-O: what is observed or performed: intervention amount
A: how did patient due (describe pt response): change in pain level, etc.
P: What is to be done next session
Informed consent must include:
Think about practical/skill check intro
If a referring practitioner financially benefits from a referral what must happen?
Pt must be notified of financial gain
What does HIPAA cover?
- Storage of medical records
- disposal of records
- verbal transition of information
- reporting breaches of health information security
What is Consumer-Centricity
Consumer values and goals will be central to all efforts in which PT profession will engage.
Impairments often lead to:
Functional Limitations
Part one of the ICF model includes:
Body functions and structures, and activities and participation
Part two of the ICF model includes:
environmental and personal factors that affect function and disability.
Physical factors
ramps, stairs, curbs
personal factors
attitude, mood, family support
how many ICD codes are there?
68,000
What does ICD stand for?
International Classification of Diseases
Third party payment set order:
Consumer –> insurer –> Provider
Therapy reimbursement is geared towards?
Value-Based Care
what role of supervision is required for PTA under Tri-Care in private practice settings?
Direct Supervision
What are CPTs
Codes designating the service you’re billing
current procedural terminologies
Service Based codes
also called untimed codes, can only be billed for 1 unit. examples: evaluation, re-exam, applying hot or cold packs, e-stim (unattended)
Time Based codes
Allow to bill for multiple units, examples: therapy exercises, manual therapy, neuromuscular re-edu., gait training, ultrasound and e-stim (attended)
evidence based practice consist of:
Best available evidence, clinicians knowledge and skills, patients wants and needs
Barriers to EBP
- No time to read research
- no research available for patient population
- no easy access to research
- no time to learn how to apply EBP
What does PICO stand for?
Patient
Intervention
Control or comparison
outcome
Sensitivity
A test to identify people who have a certain condition.
ex: the % of sick people who are correctly identified as having the condition
Specificty
A test to identify people who do NOT have a certain condition.
ex: the % of healthy people who are correctly identified as not having the condition.
Hierarchy of Evidence
Go over the order?
P value:
significance level is 0.05
if a big number such as 0.18 it is not enough to reject
if small such as 0.000018 then we would say it is Signiant in rejecting the null hypothosis.
are you going to pass the final and course
DUH :)
Billing unit times
8-22- 1 unit 23-37 2 units 38-52 3 units 53-67 4 units 68-82 5 units 83 6 units
Continuous quality improvement
Plan measure analyze improve repeat
