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NURSING SCHOOL YEAR ONE > professional ursing and ethical practice > Flashcards

professional ursing and ethical practice Flashcards

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1
Q

health promotion

A

enabling individuals to be able to improve and maintian their overall health and well-being

creats support of enviroment

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2
Q

primary prevention

A

optimizing health and preventing diease

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3
Q

secondary pervention

A

identify individuals in an early stage of diease process so treatment can be decided

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4
Q

tertiary pervention

A

minimize effects of diease

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5
Q

can these prevention over lap

A

yes

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6
Q

harm reduction

A

public health approach that aims to minimize the negative consequences associated with various behaviors and practices

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7
Q

respecting the rights of pople who use substances

A

with compassion and dignity is integral to harm reduction, use of drugs doesn’t forfit peoples humans right

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8
Q

goals of harm reduction

A

keep ppl alive an dencourage positive changes in their lives

reduce the harms of drug law and policy

offer alternatives to approaches that seek to prevent or end drug

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9
Q

health care organization

A

designed structured social system developed for the delivery of healthcare service by specialized workforce to defined communities

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10
Q

challenges in the health care system

A

digitial health tech
demographics
consumer involvement

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11
Q

intrapersonal

A

self-talk or inner thoughts

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12
Q

intrepersonal

A

1:1 between nurse and client

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13
Q

transpersonal

A

spiritual connection: what is meaningful to client

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14
Q

small group

A

small number of people who shares a common purpose

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15
Q

public

A

interaction with an audience

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16
Q

goals of client education

A
  • maintaining and promoting health and perventing illness
  • restoring health
  • coping with impaired function
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17
Q

lalonde report 1974

A
  • marc Lalonde was canada’s minister of national health and welfare in 1974
  • changed the way the world thinks about health, founding documents of health promotions
  • recognized that determinants of health went beyond traditional public health,
  • argued for the importance of socioeconomic factors
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18
Q

the ottawa charter- who,1986

A
  • first international conference on health promotion was held in ottawa, canada
  • document that was translated into 40 lanauges
  • go beyond lifestyles or personal health practice to include social, enviromental and political contexts
  • placed responsibility for health on society rather then only on individuals
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19
Q
  • buliding healthy public policy
  • create supportive enviroments
  • strenghthens community actions
  • develop personal skills
  • reorient health services
A

health promotion strategies

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20
Q
  • canada’s blue print for achieving health WHO goal of health
  • acknowledge disparities in health between low and high income people and that living and working conditions
  • first report of its kind to explicitly address health inequalities in canada
A

epp reeport

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21
Q
  • invest in our childern
  • improve health of aboriginals
  • improve health of canada’s young people
  • renew our health services
  • help all Canadians abtain good education and income
A

epps five steps to reduce health disparities

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22
Q
  • added 4 other prerequisites to the ottawa charter
    1. empowerment of women
    2. social security
    3.respect for human rights
    4. social relations
  • declared poverty is biggest threat to human health
A

jakarta declaration

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23
Q

Jakarta declaration priorities for actions

A
  1. promoting social respsibility for health in public and private sectors
  2. increasing investments for health in all sectors
  3. consolidating and expanding partnerships for health to all levels of government and the private sector
  4. increasing community capacity and empowering the individuals
  5. securing adequate infrastructure for health promotion
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24
Q

bangkok charter

A
  • global health
  • health is human right
  • emphasized mental and spiritual well-being
  • strong political action and sustained advocacy, empowering communities with adequate resources and corporate sector commitment to healthy workplace
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25
Q
  • health outcomes of a group of individuals, can include people in geographic regions, such as communities, also other groups, suchas employees, ethnic groups, disabled persons, prisoners
A

populations health

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26
Q

public health work to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy

A

public health

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27
Q

health outcome organized around a geographic area/region

A

community health

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28
Q

population health promotion model

A
  • provides further giudane on actions to take
  • often communication strategies are used as part of action plan develop
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29
Q

social determinants of health

A

to reduce negitive impact of social determinants that contribute to health inequities

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30
Q

healthy behaviour

A

increase knowlegde and opportunities that lead to healthy behaviour

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31
Q

healthy communities

A

to increase policies, partnerships and practice that creates safe, supportive an dhealthy enviroments

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32
Q

population health assessment

A

increase the use of population health information to guide the planning and delivery of programs and services in an integrated health system

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33
Q
  • improved health and quality of life
  • reduced morbidity and premature mortality
  • reduced health inequity among population groups
A

population health outcomes

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34
Q
  1. buliding healthy public policy
  2. creating supportive enviroments
  3. strenghtening community action
  4. reorienting health service
  5. developing personal skills
A

strategies to enhance health - Ottawa charter, WHO, 1986

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35
Q

healthy public policy

A
  • identify need for policy and prgram development
  • participate in program developement
  • help establish polices to support practice
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36
Q
  • fair distribution of society’s benefits, responsiblilties and their consequences
  • canadian nurses association declares that social justice focuses on the relative position of social adventage of one individual
A

social justice

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37
Q

home health

A
  • focus on prevention, health restortation, maintain and plliation
  • focus on individuals, designated caregivers, and their famillies
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38
Q
  • focus on preventative health screening, health education, comprehensive assessment, treatment of minor acute illness, chronic disease management, case management, system navigation, therapeutic interventions and med reviews with famillies
A

RN in primary care/family practice nurses

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39
Q

client education

A
  • allow ients and their families the opportunity to control their own health, reduce risk
  • understanding knowledge of the problem is cirtical
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40
Q
  • psychosocial developemental
  • pedagogy vs andragogy
  • hierarchy of needs
  • generational differences
  • literacy levels
  • barriers
A

learner assessment

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41
Q

group lecture
course plan, curriculum

A

formal

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42
Q

one-on-one
planned or spontaneous
no plan
large protion done by nurses

A

informal

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43
Q

internet, videos, written material, media

A

self-directed

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44
Q
  • emphasis on predicting individuals preventative health behaviour
  • model offers explanation for why people do not participate in disease prevention programs
  • relies on fear or threat as a soucre of motivation
A

health belief model

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45
Q

summary of BHM

A
  • fear is motvation
  • factor other than health beliefs healivy
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46
Q

What is a value

A
  • value is a way of being or believing that we hold most important
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47
Q

CNO

A

governing body for registered nurses, registered practice nurses, nurse practitioners in ontario
- entry-to-practice
- practice standards
- quality assurance program
- code of conduct

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48
Q

CNA

A

gobal professional voice of canadian nursing
- advance the nursing profession to improve health outcomes

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49
Q

RNAO

A
  • professional body representing registered nurses, nurse practitioners and nursing student in ontario
  • advocate for healthy public policy, promote excellence in nursing practice
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50
Q

ONA

A
  • collective action for safe, equitable workplaces and high-quality health care
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51
Q

PLP- personal liability protection

A
  • provides fincial compensation for members of the public who have been harmed as a result of malpractice
  • all members must hold PLP
  • the by-law sets out options for members
52
Q

Policies and nursing

A
  • 1999, Office of nursing policy to help canadian maintain and improve their health through the development of policy
53
Q

policy process

A
  • policy process involves developing, implementing, and evaluating policy based on the best practice guidelines available
  • health care setting have quality and safety departments that monitor and document adherence to polices
54
Q

The regulated health profession acts

A
  • governing framework for the regulation of health professions in ontario
  • number of RHPA sets out a number of roles and responsibilities for minster and other organizations
55
Q

unsafe practice

A
  • nurses have a professional accountiability to act in best interest of patient and protect them
56
Q

nurses responsibility

A
  • are professionally responsible to support patient-centered care
  • be aware common safety precautions and speical risks to safety
  • must be familier with a patient’s development level, mobility, sensory
57
Q

patient safety incident

A
  • harmful incident: that results in injury to the patient
  • Near miss: that did not reach the patient-no harm
  • no-harm incident: reached the patient but caused no harm
58
Q

actual or potenitial inicdents

A
  • incident reports are a confidential document that completely describes any patient incident
  • focuses on root cause of event
  • allow organization to identify trends or patterns throughout the facility and areas to improve
59
Q

patient falls

A
  • adopt a standardized process, checklist to aid-desicisons-making following a patient fall
  • implement formal strategies to monitor and measure the effectiveness to adhere to fall prevention
60
Q

scopsocietal ethics

A

serve the larger community- education

61
Q

organizational ethics

A

formal; and informal values that guides behaviour, desicions, and actions

62
Q

professional ethics

A

expectations of a profession

63
Q

bioethics and clinical ethics

A
  • biological sciences, emerging health technologies, health policy
64
Q

personal ethics

A

intersects with the other categories

65
Q

utilitarianism

A

ethics of consequence with the greatest good with the least amount of harm

66
Q

denotolgy

A

ethics of duty, it is the right thing to do

67
Q

virtue ethics

A

ethics of character, individual as primary souce of action

68
Q

relational ethics

A

ethics of relationship,

69
Q

respect for persons

A

treat all humans with dignity and respect

70
Q

nonmaleficence

A

acts in way to aviod harm to others

71
Q

beneficence

A

acts in way to promote the welfare and best interest of other

72
Q

justice

A

treating people equitably, fairly, and appropraitley

73
Q

fidelity

A

act in way that are loyal, trustworthy, doing what is expected

74
Q

holding private info and protecting the exchange of info to those who are unauthorized

A

confidentiality

75
Q

the right of
the individual to determine when, how, and to what extent he or she will release personal information

A

privacy

76
Q

nurses obligation

A
  • ensuring that clients are not embrassed or distressed because of disclosure of information naturally a key part of ethics
77
Q

consent

A
  • nurses have professional and legal obligations for obtaining consent before they perform care
78
Q

informed consent

A

person;s agreement to allow a medical action to happen, such as surgery amd invasive procedures

79
Q

the healthcare consent act- 1996

A

-sets role about when consent is required, who can give consent when a health care provider can obtain

80
Q

the substitute desicion act-1992

A
  • the SDA deals with decision-making about personal care or property on behalf of incapable persons
81
Q

consent to treatment

A
  • consent required for any treatment expect treatment provided in certain emergency situation
82
Q

consent to admission to a care facility

A
  • to a care facility is required by law, the consent is needed in all cases expect is a crsis situation
83
Q

refusal treatment

A

patient needs to be informed of all aspects, and has the right to refuse care even after the procedure has begin

84
Q

steps to obtaining consent

A

Step 1 Assess capacity.
Step 2 Provide emergency treatment or crisis admission
Step 3 Inform the client that a substitute decision-maker will make decision.
Step 4 Identify a substitute decision-maker.
Step 5 Obtain consent from the substitute decision-make

85
Q

emergency consent

A

when no authorized person is available to make the decisions, health care practitioners have authority to make treatment decisions on behalf

86
Q

strong personal belief and an ideal that a person or group believes to have merit

A

value

87
Q

study of the philosophical ideals of right and wrong behaviour based on what one thinks one ought

A

ethics

88
Q

ethical dilemma

A

two or more nursing values aree in conflict

89
Q

ethical certainty

A

unsure if any values are in conflicts or which values are in conflicts

90
Q

ethical distress

A

know the right thing to do but there are constraints that make doing the right thing difficult

91
Q

how to analyze an ethical dilemma

A

Step 1: Determine whether the issue is an ethical
dilemma.
Step 2: Gather all relevant information.
Step 3: Examine and determine your own values on the
issues.
Step 4: Verbalize the problem.
Step 5: Consider possible courses of action; seek
appropriate resources for support if needed (ie., a
bioethicist).
Step 6: Reflect on the outcome.
Step 7: Evaluate the action and the outcome

92
Q

personal beliefs and conflict

A
  • personal values and beliefs may create conflict with client, teams members, and colleagues
93
Q

health customs

A

famiy members play larger role in health care decision-making

94
Q

religious beliefs

A

religious faith and spiritual beliefs may affect health care-seeking behaviour and people’s willingness to accept

95
Q

health belief’s

A

people believe that talking about a possible poor health outcome will cause that outocme to occur

96
Q

Global health

A

area for studying, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide

97
Q

healthy public policy and health

A

provincal and federal polices can be the biggest determinants of our health

98
Q

municipal policy

A

can infuence health, planning and designing the work of the municipalities can either help or harm our harm

99
Q

institutional and organizational policy

A

affects the health of the people who work in these organization

100
Q

advocacy

A

means acting on behalf of another person or giving a person the support to have thier voice heard

101
Q

CNO and advocacy

A
  • CNO identifies few values as important in providing nursing care
  • supporting their acknowledgement
102
Q

informed decision-making

A

is the two-way communication process between the client heath care provider

103
Q

living wills

A

advance care directives and personal directives, terms used interchangeably to describe a type of document that outlines medical wishes

104
Q

DNR- do not resuscitate

A

legislation governing certain practice setting, such as community or homecare setting

105
Q

CNO medical assistance in dying

A

-bill C-14 received royal assent, making it possible for eligible people to receive medical assistane in dying in canada
- the Ontario government passd legislation related to medical assistance in dying

106
Q

Mental health and MAID

A
  • under canada’s current MAID law, people with a mental illness as their sole underlying medical condition are not eligible for MAID
  • governemnt re-assess this in 2027
107
Q

stages of MAiD

A
  1. Determining eligibility
  2. Ensuring safeguards are met
  3. Consent
  4. Providing medical assistance in dying whether it is provided
    by the NP or physician, or self-administered by the client
108
Q

conscientious objection

A
  • the college recognizes a nurse freedom of conscience
  • nurse may have beliefs and values that differ from those of a client and may not be comfortable providing or participating in medical assistance in dying
109
Q

duty to report

A

according to RNPA- 1990: nurses, employers and facility operators have certain legal obligations to report information to CNO

110
Q

sexual abuse

A

the employers should file a report if they have reasonable grounds to believe a member has sexullay abused a client or a patient

111
Q

terminations, revocation, suspension, or restrictions on privileges of member

A

report within 30 days after the incident

112
Q

duty to report child abuse

A

-youth and family service act, a person
- overrides all privacy and confidentiality duties and laws, including those under the Personal Health Information

113
Q

the power of inbalence

A
  • professional knowledge and skills that patients rely on for their well-being
  • more authority and influence in the health care system
114
Q

collaboration

A
  • defined as health care professionals cooperativiely working together and sharing responsibility to provide care for the patient
115
Q

coordination

A
  • is like collaboration in terms of shared identity, accountability, and clarity of roles
116
Q

inter-professional collaboration

A

-comprehensive health services to clients by multiple health caregivers
- working within your own team to accomplish goals and objectives

117
Q

nurse’s responsibility

A
  • provide safe, competent care,
  • nurse who follows a prescribers’s order, decision or action that is unclear, incorrect, or unsafe can be found negligent disciplined
118
Q

quality

A

the degree to which healthcare services for individuals and populations increases likelyhood of desired health outcomes

119
Q

health quality ontario quality improvement framework

A

1.Getting started
2. Defining the problem
3. Understanding your system
4. Designing & testing solutions
5. Implementing & sustaining
changes
6. Spreading improvement

120
Q

error of commission

A

doing the wrong times

121
Q

error of omission

A

not doing the right thing

122
Q

error of execution

A

doing the righ thing inccorrectly

123
Q

inofrmed culutre

A
  • organization collects and analyses relevant data and actively disseminates safety information
124
Q

reporting culture

A
  • cultivating an atmosphere where people have confidence to report safety concerns without fear or blame
125
Q

star

A
126
Q
A

NURSING SCHOOL YEAR ONE (9 decks)

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