professional ursing and ethical practice Flashcards
1
Q
health promotion
A
enabling individuals to be able to improve and maintian their overall health and well-being
creats support of enviroment
2
Q
primary prevention
A
optimizing health and preventing diease
3
Q
secondary pervention
A
identify individuals in an early stage of diease process so treatment can be decided
4
Q
tertiary pervention
A
minimize effects of diease
5
Q
can these prevention over lap
A
yes
6
Q
harm reduction
A
public health approach that aims to minimize the negative consequences associated with various behaviors and practices
7
Q
respecting the rights of pople who use substances
A
with compassion and dignity is integral to harm reduction, use of drugs doesn’t forfit peoples humans right
8
Q
goals of harm reduction
A
keep ppl alive an dencourage positive changes in their lives
reduce the harms of drug law and policy
offer alternatives to approaches that seek to prevent or end drug
9
Q
health care organization
A
designed structured social system developed for the delivery of healthcare service by specialized workforce to defined communities
10
Q
challenges in the health care system
A
digitial health tech
demographics
consumer involvement
11
Q
intrapersonal
A
self-talk or inner thoughts
12
Q
intrepersonal
A
1:1 between nurse and client
13
Q
transpersonal
A
spiritual connection: what is meaningful to client
14
Q
small group
A
small number of people who shares a common purpose
15
Q
public
A
interaction with an audience
16
Q
goals of client education
A
- maintaining and promoting health and perventing illness
- restoring health
- coping with impaired function
17
Q
lalonde report 1974
A
- marc Lalonde was canada’s minister of national health and welfare in 1974
- changed the way the world thinks about health, founding documents of health promotions
- recognized that determinants of health went beyond traditional public health,
- argued for the importance of socioeconomic factors
18
Q
the ottawa charter- who,1986
A
- first international conference on health promotion was held in ottawa, canada
- document that was translated into 40 lanauges
- go beyond lifestyles or personal health practice to include social, enviromental and political contexts
- placed responsibility for health on society rather then only on individuals
19
Q
- buliding healthy public policy
- create supportive enviroments
- strenghthens community actions
- develop personal skills
- reorient health services
A
health promotion strategies
20
Q
- canada’s blue print for achieving health WHO goal of health
- acknowledge disparities in health between low and high income people and that living and working conditions
- first report of its kind to explicitly address health inequalities in canada
A
epp reeport
21
Q
- invest in our childern
- improve health of aboriginals
- improve health of canada’s young people
- renew our health services
- help all Canadians abtain good education and income
A
epps five steps to reduce health disparities
22
Q
- added 4 other prerequisites to the ottawa charter
1. empowerment of women
2. social security
3.respect for human rights
4. social relations - declared poverty is biggest threat to human health
A
jakarta declaration
23
Q
Jakarta declaration priorities for actions
A
- promoting social respsibility for health in public and private sectors
- increasing investments for health in all sectors
- consolidating and expanding partnerships for health to all levels of government and the private sector
- increasing community capacity and empowering the individuals
- securing adequate infrastructure for health promotion
24
Q
bangkok charter
A
- global health
- health is human right
- emphasized mental and spiritual well-being
- strong political action and sustained advocacy, empowering communities with adequate resources and corporate sector commitment to healthy workplace
25
- health outcomes of a group of individuals, can include people in geographic regions, such as communities, also other groups, suchas employees, ethnic groups, disabled persons, prisoners
populations health
26
public health work to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy
public health
27
health outcome organized around a geographic area/region
community health
28
population health promotion model
- provides further giudane on actions to take
- often communication strategies are used as part of action plan develop
29
social determinants of health
to reduce negitive impact of social determinants that contribute to health inequities
30
healthy behaviour
increase knowlegde and opportunities that lead to healthy behaviour
31
healthy communities
to increase policies, partnerships and practice that creates safe, supportive an dhealthy enviroments
32
population health assessment
increase the use of population health information to guide the planning and delivery of programs and services in an integrated health system
33
- improved health and quality of life
- reduced morbidity and premature mortality
- reduced health inequity among population groups
population health outcomes
34
1. buliding healthy public policy
2. creating supportive enviroments
3. strenghtening community action
4. reorienting health service
5. developing personal skills
strategies to enhance health - Ottawa charter, WHO, 1986
35
healthy public policy
- identify need for policy and prgram development
- participate in program developement
- help establish polices to support practice
36
- fair distribution of society's benefits, responsiblilties and their consequences
- canadian nurses association declares that social justice focuses on the relative position of social adventage of one individual
social justice
37
home health
- focus on prevention, health restortation, maintain and plliation
- focus on individuals, designated caregivers, and their famillies
38
- focus on preventative health screening, health education, comprehensive assessment, treatment of minor acute illness, chronic disease management, case management, system navigation, therapeutic interventions and med reviews with famillies
RN in primary care/family practice nurses
39
client education
- allow ients and their families the opportunity to control their own health, reduce risk
- understanding knowledge of the problem is cirtical
40
- psychosocial developemental
- pedagogy vs andragogy
- hierarchy of needs
- generational differences
- literacy levels
- barriers
learner assessment
41
group lecture
course plan, curriculum
formal
42
one-on-one
planned or spontaneous
no plan
large protion done by nurses
informal
43
internet, videos, written material, media
self-directed
44
- emphasis on predicting individuals preventative health behaviour
- model offers explanation for why people do not participate in disease prevention programs
- relies on fear or threat as a soucre of motivation
health belief model
45
summary of BHM
- fear is motvation
- factor other than health beliefs healivy
46
What is a value
- value is a way of being or believing that we hold most important
47
CNO
governing body for registered nurses, registered practice nurses, nurse practitioners in ontario
- entry-to-practice
- practice standards
- quality assurance program
- code of conduct
48
CNA
gobal professional voice of canadian nursing
- advance the nursing profession to improve health outcomes
49
RNAO
- professional body representing registered nurses, nurse practitioners and nursing student in ontario
- advocate for healthy public policy, promote excellence in nursing practice
50
ONA
- collective action for safe, equitable workplaces and high-quality health care
51
PLP- personal liability protection
- provides fincial compensation for members of the public who have been harmed as a result of malpractice
- all members must hold PLP
- the by-law sets out options for members
52
Policies and nursing
- 1999, Office of nursing policy to help canadian maintain and improve their health through the development of policy
53
policy process
- policy process involves developing, implementing, and evaluating policy based on the best practice guidelines available
- health care setting have quality and safety departments that monitor and document adherence to polices
54
The regulated health profession acts
- governing framework for the regulation of health professions in ontario
- number of RHPA sets out a number of roles and responsibilities for minster and other organizations
55
unsafe practice
- nurses have a professional accountiability to act in best interest of patient and protect them
56
nurses responsibility
- are professionally responsible to support patient-centered care
- be aware common safety precautions and speical risks to safety
- must be familier with a patient's development level, mobility, sensory
57
patient safety incident
- harmful incident: that results in injury to the patient
- Near miss: that did not reach the patient-no harm
- no-harm incident: reached the patient but caused no harm
58
actual or potenitial inicdents
- incident reports are a confidential document that completely describes any patient incident
- focuses on root cause of event
- allow organization to identify trends or patterns throughout the facility and areas to improve
59
patient falls
- adopt a standardized process, checklist to aid-desicisons-making following a patient fall
- implement formal strategies to monitor and measure the effectiveness to adhere to fall prevention
60
scopsocietal ethics
serve the larger community- education
61
organizational ethics
formal; and informal values that guides behaviour, desicions, and actions
62
professional ethics
expectations of a profession
63
bioethics and clinical ethics
- biological sciences, emerging health technologies, health policy
64
personal ethics
intersects with the other categories
65
utilitarianism
ethics of consequence with the greatest good with the least amount of harm
66
denotolgy
ethics of duty, it is the right thing to do
67
virtue ethics
ethics of character, individual as primary souce of action
68
relational ethics
ethics of relationship,
69
respect for persons
treat all humans with dignity and respect
70
nonmaleficence
acts in way to aviod harm to others
71
beneficence
acts in way to promote the welfare and best interest of other
72
justice
treating people equitably, fairly, and appropraitley
73
fidelity
act in way that are loyal, trustworthy, doing what is expected
74
holding private info and protecting the exchange of info to those who are unauthorized
confidentiality
75
the right of
the individual to determine when, how, and to what extent he or she will release personal information
privacy
76
nurses obligation
- ensuring that clients are not embrassed or distressed because of disclosure of information naturally a key part of ethics
77
consent
- nurses have professional and legal obligations for obtaining consent before they perform care
78
informed consent
person;s agreement to allow a medical action to happen, such as surgery amd invasive procedures
79
the healthcare consent act- 1996
-sets role about when consent is required, who can give consent when a health care provider can obtain
80
the substitute desicion act-1992
- the SDA deals with decision-making about personal care or property on behalf of incapable persons
81
consent to treatment
- consent required for any treatment expect treatment provided in certain emergency situation
82
consent to admission to a care facility
- to a care facility is required by law, the consent is needed in all cases expect is a crsis situation
83
refusal treatment
patient needs to be informed of all aspects, and has the right to refuse care even after the procedure has begin
84
steps to obtaining consent
Step 1 Assess capacity.
Step 2 Provide emergency treatment or crisis admission
Step 3 Inform the client that a substitute decision-maker will make decision.
Step 4 Identify a substitute decision-maker.
Step 5 Obtain consent from the substitute decision-make
85
emergency consent
when no authorized person is available to make the decisions, health care practitioners have authority to make treatment decisions on behalf
86
strong personal belief and an ideal that a person or group believes to have merit
value
87
study of the philosophical ideals of right and wrong behaviour based on what one thinks one ought
ethics
88
ethical dilemma
two or more nursing values aree in conflict
89
ethical certainty
unsure if any values are in conflicts or which values are in conflicts
90
ethical distress
know the right thing to do but there are constraints that make doing the right thing difficult
91
how to analyze an ethical dilemma
Step 1: Determine whether the issue is an ethical
dilemma.
Step 2: Gather all relevant information.
Step 3: Examine and determine your own values on the
issues.
Step 4: Verbalize the problem.
Step 5: Consider possible courses of action; seek
appropriate resources for support if needed (ie., a
bioethicist).
Step 6: Reflect on the outcome.
Step 7: Evaluate the action and the outcome
92
personal beliefs and conflict
- personal values and beliefs may create conflict with client, teams members, and colleagues
93
health customs
famiy members play larger role in health care decision-making
94
religious beliefs
religious faith and spiritual beliefs may affect health care-seeking behaviour and people's willingness to accept
95
health belief's
people believe that talking about a possible poor health outcome will cause that outocme to occur
96
Global health
area for studying, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide
97
healthy public policy and health
provincal and federal polices can be the biggest determinants of our health
98
municipal policy
can infuence health, planning and designing the work of the municipalities can either help or harm our harm
99
institutional and organizational policy
affects the health of the people who work in these organization
100
advocacy
means acting on behalf of another person or giving a person the support to have thier voice heard
101
CNO and advocacy
- CNO identifies few values as important in providing nursing care
- supporting their acknowledgement
102
informed decision-making
is the two-way communication process between the client heath care provider
103
living wills
advance care directives and personal directives, terms used interchangeably to describe a type of document that outlines medical wishes
104
DNR- do not resuscitate
legislation governing certain practice setting, such as community or homecare setting
105
CNO medical assistance in dying
-bill C-14 received royal assent, making it possible for eligible people to receive medical assistane in dying in canada
- the Ontario government passd legislation related to medical assistance in dying
106
Mental health and MAID
- under canada's current MAID law, people with a mental illness as their sole underlying medical condition are not eligible for MAID
- governemnt re-assess this in 2027
107
stages of MAiD
1. Determining eligibility
2. Ensuring safeguards are met
3. Consent
4. Providing medical assistance in dying whether it is provided
by the NP or physician, or self-administered by the client
108
conscientious objection
- the college recognizes a nurse freedom of conscience
- nurse may have beliefs and values that differ from those of a client and may not be comfortable providing or participating in medical assistance in dying
109
duty to report
according to RNPA- 1990: nurses, employers and facility operators have certain legal obligations to report information to CNO
110
sexual abuse
the employers should file a report if they have reasonable grounds to believe a member has sexullay abused a client or a patient
111
terminations, revocation, suspension, or restrictions on privileges of member
report within 30 days after the incident
112
duty to report child abuse
-youth and family service act, a person
- overrides all privacy and confidentiality duties and laws, including those under the Personal Health Information
113
the power of inbalence
- professional knowledge and skills that patients rely on for their well-being
- more authority and influence in the health care system
114
collaboration
- defined as health care professionals cooperativiely working together and sharing responsibility to provide care for the patient
115
coordination
- is like collaboration in terms of shared identity, accountability, and clarity of roles
116
inter-professional collaboration
-comprehensive health services to clients by multiple health caregivers
- working within your own team to accomplish goals and objectives
117
nurse's responsibility
- provide safe, competent care,
- nurse who follows a prescribers's order, decision or action that is unclear, incorrect, or unsafe can be found negligent disciplined
118
quality
the degree to which healthcare services for individuals and populations increases likelyhood of desired health outcomes
119
health quality ontario quality improvement framework
1.Getting started
2. Defining the problem
3. Understanding your system
4. Designing & testing solutions
5. Implementing & sustaining
changes
6. Spreading improvement
120
error of commission
doing the wrong times
121
error of omission
not doing the right thing
122
error of execution
doing the righ thing inccorrectly
123
inofrmed culutre
- organization collects and analyses relevant data and actively disseminates safety information
124
reporting culture
- cultivating an atmosphere where people have confidence to report safety concerns without fear or blame
125
star
126
