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NURSING SCHOOL YEAR ONE > ANATOMY EXAM > Flashcards

ANATOMY EXAM Flashcards

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1
Q

WHATS THE STUDY OF THE SKIN

A

DERMATOLOGY

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2
Q

SKINS OTHER NAMES

A

CUTANEOUS MEMBRANE

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3
Q

LARGEST ORGAN IN BODY

A

SKIN/ CUTANEOUS MEMBRANE

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4
Q

SUPERFICIAL, THINNER PORTION COMPOSED OF EPITHELIAL TISSUE

A

EPIDERMIS

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5
Q

LAYERS OF EPIDERMIS

A

STRATUM CORNEUM, STRATUM LUCIDUM ( IN THICK SKIN), STRATUM GRANULSOUM, STRATUM SPINOSUM, STRATUM BASLSE

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6
Q

DEEPER, THICKER CONNECTIVE TISSUE, COMPOSED OF IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE, ELASTIC AND RECOIL

A

DERMIS

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7
Q

COLLAGEN FIBERS, ELASTIC FIBERS, CONTAINS CAPPILARY LOOPS, DERMAL PAPILLAE CONTAINING FREE NERVES

A

PAPILLARY DERMIS

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8
Q

ATTACHED TO THE SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, CONTAINING BUNDLES OF THICK COLLAGEN FIBERS

A

RETICULAR DERMIS

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9
Q

SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE DEEP TO THE DERMIS

A

HYPODERMIS

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10
Q

ELEVATION SOF PALMS,FEET AND STRAIGHT LINES OT PATTERNS OF LOOPS

A

EPIDERMAL RIDGES (FINGERPRINTS)

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11
Q

EXTENSIONS OF THE EPIDERMIS THAT PROJECT INTO DERMIS BETWEEN PAPILLAE

A

EPIDERMAL PEGS

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12
Q

FUNCTION OF INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

A

REGULATES BODY TEMP.
STORES BLOOD,
PROTECTS BODY FROM EXTERNAL ENVIROMENT ,
DETECTS CUTANEOUS SENSATION,
EXCRETES AND ABSORBS SUBSTANCES, SYNTHESIZES VITAMIN D

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13
Q

KERATINZATION

A

NEW CELLS OF KERATIN PUSHED FROM STRATUM BASLE TO STRATUM CORNEUM

NUTREINTS PASSED UP THOUGH STARTUMS

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14
Q

PSORIASIS

A

COMMON AND CHRONIC SKIN DISORDER IN WHICH KERATINOCYTES DIVIDE MORE AND MORE RESLUTING FLAKEY, SLIVERLY SCALE SKIN

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15
Q

STRIAE

A

STRETCH MARKS

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16
Q

CREATES SKIN COLOUR

A

MELANIN

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17
Q

CAROTENE

A

YELLOW-ORANGE PIGMENT

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18
Q

PARTS OF HAIR

A

HAIR SHAFT, HAIR ROOT, MEDULLA, CORTEX, CUTICLE, HAIR FOLLICLE, HAIR BULB, PAPILLA OF THE HAIR

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19
Q

HAIR GROWTH STAGES

A

ONE: GRWOTH STAGE
TWO: REGESSION STAGE
THREE: RESTING STAGE

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20
Q

LANUGO

A

COVERS HAIR AS BABY

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21
Q

TERMINAL HAIR

A

HEAVILY PIGMENTED HAIR

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22
Q

VELLUS HAIR

A

PEACH FUZZ

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23
Q

HAIR COLOUR

A

CAUSE BY MELINAN SYNTHESIZED BY MELANOCYTES

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24
Q

SKELETON SYSTEM FUNCTION

A

SUPPORT, PROTECTION, MOVEMENT, MINERALS IN HOMEOSTASIS, BLOOD CELL PRODUCTION, TRIGLYCERIDE STORAGE

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25
Q

BODY OF BONE

A

DIAPHYSIS

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26
Q

ENDS OF BONE

A

EPIPHYSES

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27
Q

GROWTH PLATE

A

METAPHYSES

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28
Q

THIN LAYER COVERING WHERE BONE FORM JOINTS

A

ARTICULAR CARTILAGE

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29
Q

CONNECTIVE TISSUE ASSOCIATED WITH BLOOD SUPPLY

A

PERIOSTEUM

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30
Q

HOLLOW CAVITY IN THE MIDDLE OF THE BONE

A

MEDULLARY CAVITY

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31
Q

ENDOSYEUM

A

thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity

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32
Q

SEBACEOUS GALNDS

A

OIL GLAND

CONNECTS TO HAIR

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33
Q

SUDORIFEROUS GLAND

A

SWEAT GLANDS, HELP WITH THERMOREGULATIONS

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34
Q

ECCRINE SWEAT GLAND

A

DONT SMELL

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35
Q

APOCRINE SWEAT GLAND

A

SMELLY

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36
Q

BONE TISSUE

A

ABUNDANT EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX THAT SURROUNDS WIDELY SEPARATED CELLS

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37
Q

OSTEOPROGENTIOR CELLS

A

BONE STEM CELLS

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38
Q

OSTEOBLASTS

A

BUILDING BONE CELLS

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39
Q

OSTEOCYTES

A

MATURE BONE CELL

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40
Q

OSTEOCLASTS

A

DESTROYS BONE CELL

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41
Q

COMPACT BONES

A

STRONG BONE TISSUE, PROTECTION AND SUPPORT

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42
Q

SPONGY BONE

A

AIR HOLES, NO OSTEONS, INSIDE BONE

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43
Q

BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY

A

LONG BONE SUPPLIED BY PERIOSTEAL, METAPHYSEAL, EPEPHYSEAL ARTIRES

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44
Q

BONE FORMATIONS

A

DEVELOP DURING SIX AND SEVENTH WEEK OF BEING A BABY

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45
Q

OPEN FRACTURE

A

BONE BREAKS SKIN

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46
Q

GREENSTICK FRACTURE

A

ONE SIDE OF BONE IS BROKEN

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47
Q

COMMINUTED

A

BONE PEICES INBETWEEN MAIN BREAK

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48
Q

STRESS

A

NO INGURY CAUSED IT

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49
Q

POTT

A

FRACTURE IN DISTAL END OF FOOT

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50
Q

COLLES

A

FRACTURE IN DISTAL END OF ARM

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51
Q

FRACTURE REPAIRS

A

INVOLVES FORMING HEMATOME DURING THE REACTIVE PHASE

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52
Q

BONE ROLE IN CALCUIM HOMESTASIS

A

RESERVE CALCIUM, PARATHYROID RELEASES IN BLOOD INCREASES CALCUIM LEVELS

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53
Q

APPENDICULAR SKELETON

A

UPPER AND LOWER LIMBS, PELVIS, SHOULDERS

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54
Q

AXIAL SKELETON

A

SKULL, VERTEBRAE, RIBS

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55
Q

TYPES OF BONES

A

LONG BONES, SHORT BONES, IRREGULAR, FLAT, SESAMOID, SUTURAL

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56
Q

HOW MANY BONES IN SKULL

A

22

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57
Q

FORMS FOREHEAD AND ROOFS OF THE ORBITS

A

FRONTAL

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58
Q

FORMS SIDE OF HEAD, ROOF OF CRANIAL

A

PARIENTALS

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59
Q

SIDES OF HEAD, BASE OF HEAD

A

TEMPORAL

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60
Q

BASE OF SKULL

A

OCCITICAL

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61
Q

BUTTERFLY SHAPED, BEHIND ETHMOID BONE

A

SPHENOID

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62
Q

INFRONT OF SPHENOID, BEHIND NOSE

A

ETHMOID

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63
Q

BRIDGE OF THE NOSE

A

NASAL

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64
Q

CONNECTED TO TOP OF TEETH

A

MAXILLAE

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65
Q

CHEEK BONES

A

ZYGOMATIC

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66
Q

LACRIMAL

A

TEAR DROPS

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67
Q

BACK AND FLOOR OF NASAL CAVITY

A

PALATINE

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68
Q

SEPARATES BOTH SIDE OF NASAL CAVITY

A

VOMER

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69
Q

CONNECT BOTTOM TEETH

A

MANDIBLE

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70
Q

NASAL SEPTUMS CONSIST OF

A

VOMER, ETHMOID, NASAL CARTILAGE

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71
Q

FORAMINA OF SKULL PROVIDES

A

NERVES AND BLOOD VESSELS

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72
Q

HYOID BONES

A

SHAPED LIKE U, SUPPORTS TOUNGE, ATTACHES TOUNGE MUSCLES

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73
Q

C-1

A

ATLAS

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74
Q

C-2

A

AXIS

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75
Q

AMOUNT OF TRUE RIBS

A

7

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76
Q

AMOUNT OF FALSE RIBS

A

3

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77
Q

AMOUNT OF FLOATING RIBS

A

2

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78
Q

FEET AMOUNT OF BONES

A

26
BIGGEST CALCANEOUS

79
Q

SYNOVIAL JOINTS

A

FLUID-FILLED SPACE BETWEEN BONE CALLED ARTICULAR CAVITY

80
Q

PLANE JOINT

A

FLAT SURFACES GLIDE BACK AND FORTH

81
Q

HINGE JOINT

A

CONVEX SURFACE OF ONE FIT INTO ANOTHER BONE

82
Q

SADDLE

A

ONE SHAPE LIKE SADDLE OTHER BONE FIT THE SADDLE

83
Q

ELLIPSOID-CONDYLE

A

OVAL PROJECTION OF THE BONE FITS IN A OVAL IN OVAL CAVITY

84
Q

BALL AND SOCKET

A

BALL SHAPE FIT INTO OTHER BONE

85
Q

CONDYLE BETWEEN MANDIBLE AND MANDIBLUAR FOSSA AND ARTICULAR TUBERCLE

A

TEMPOROMANDIBULAR

86
Q

HUMERUS AN DGLENOID CAVITY OF SCAPULA

A

GLENOHUMERAL JOINT

87
Q

MUSCLE SYSTEM FUNCTION

A

BODY MOVEMENT, STABILIZING BODY POSITIONS , MOVING SUBSTANCES WITHIN BODY, REGULATING ORGAN FUNCTION, PRODUCING HEAT

88
Q

ATTACHES TO BONES AND IS VOLUNTARY, SUBCUTANEOUS SEPARATES MUSCLE AND SKIN,

A

SKELETON MUSCLE

89
Q

IN HEART, INVOLUNTARY

A

CARDIAC

90
Q

MAKES UP ORGANS

A

SMOOTH

91
Q

CREATINE

A

MAKES ENERGY, CARRIES PHOSPHATE

92
Q

GLUSOCE

A

MAKES ENERGY

93
Q

CONCENTRIC CONTACTION

A

SHORTENS MUSCLE

94
Q

ISOMETRIC CONTRACTIONS

A

LENGHTS MUSCLE

95
Q

WAVE SUMMATION

A

INCREASING THE STRENGHT OF CONCRATION OCCURS WHEN MUSCLE HAS BEEN RELAXED FOLLOWING PERVIOUS STIMULI

96
Q

CONSIST OF BRAIN AND SPINE

A

CNS

97
Q

EVERYTHING OUT SIDE OF CNS

A

PNS

98
Q

SENDS SIGNALS TO BRAIN

A

AFFERENT

99
Q

SENDS SIGNALS BACK TO BODY

A

EFFERENT

100
Q

HELPS MAINTAIN HOMESTASIS AND INTEGRATES ALL BODY ACTIVITIES BY SENSIGN CHANGING

A

NERVOUS SYSTEM

101
Q

RESPONSABLIE FOR FUNCTIONS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM, SENSING, THICKENING, REMEBERING, CONTROLLING

A

NEURONS

102
Q

GULE FOR NERVOUS CELLS

A

NEUROGILA

103
Q

COMMUNICATE WITH ONE ANOTHER USING GRADED POTENTIALS, SHORT-DISTANCE COMMUNICATION

A

NEURONS

104
Q

SMALL DEVIATIONS FROM THE RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL THAT OCCURS BECAUSE LIGAND-GATED OR MECHANICALLY GATED CHANNELS OPEN OR CLOSED

A

GRADED POTENTIALS

105
Q

FUNCTIONAL JUNCTION BETWEEN ONE NEURONS AND ANOTHER

A

SYNPASE

106
Q

ELECTRICAL SYNAPSE

A

USE GAP JUNTION

107
Q

CHEMICAL SYNPASE

A

SYNAPSE CLEFT

108
Q

NUEROTRANSMITTER BINDING SITE AND ION CHANNEL

A

IONOTROPIC RECEPTORS

109
Q

NEURONTRANSMITTER BONDING SITE AND IS COUPLED TO A SEPARATE ION CHANNELS BY A G PROTEIN

A

METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR

110
Q

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ORGANIZED INTO NETWORKS CALLED

A

NEURAL CIRCUITS

111
Q

THREE MENINGES COVERING THE SPINAL CORD

A

DURA MATER ,ARACHNOID MATER, PIA MATER

112
Q

CRANIAL NERVES

A

8

113
Q

THORAIC NERVES

A

12

114
Q

LUMAR NERVES

A

5

115
Q

SACRAL

A

5

116
Q

COCCEXGEAL

A

1

117
Q

SPINAL CORD TRAVELS THROUGH

A

VERTEBRAL CANAL

118
Q

POSTERIOR ROOT OF SPINAL NERVE IS

A

SENSORY

119
Q

ANTERIOE ROOT OF SPINAL NERVE IS

A

MOTOR

120
Q

FROMED BY ROOTS OF FOUR FIRST CRANIAL NERVES

A

CERVICAL PLEXUS

121
Q

ROOTS OF C5-C8 AND T1, SUPPLIES THE UPPER LIMBS

A

BRACHIAL PLEXUS

122
Q

ROOTS OF SPINAL NERVES L1-L4, GENITALS AND LOWER LIMBS

A

LUMBAR PLEXUS

123
Q

L1-S5, SUPPLY COCCYGEAL AREA

A

SACRAL AND COCCYGEALPLEXUS

124
Q

SENSORY RECEPTORS, SENSORY NERVES, INTEGRATING CENTER, MOTOR NEURONS, EFFECTOR

A

REFLECT ARCH

125
Q

SPINAL MENINGES

A

DURA, ARACNORD, PIA

126
Q

SKELETON MUSCLE, SUBDIVISON OF PNS, ALL NERVES EXPECT SPINE AND BRAIN, VOLUNTARY

A

SOMATIC SYSTEM

127
Q

INVOLUNTARY, SPINE AND BRAIN, SMOOTH MUSCLE, CARDIAC MSUCLE

A

AUTONOMIC SYSTEM

128
Q

REST AND DIGEST

A

PARASYMPATHETIC

129
Q

FIGHT OR FLIGHT, FREEZE

A

SYMPATHETIC

130
Q

TOUCH, PRESSURE, VIBRATION

A

TACTILE NERVES

131
Q

HOT AND COLD

A

THERMALRECEPTORS

132
Q

PAIN

A

NOCICEPTORS

133
Q

IN ORGANS

A

PROPRIOCEPTORS

134
Q

SECERTS PRODUCT INTO DUCTS OF BODY, ORGANS

A

EXOCRINE GLAND

135
Q

SECERTS PRODUCT DIRECTLY INTO INTERSTITAL FLUID SURROUNDING CELL

A

ENDOCRINE GLANDS

136
Q

HOROMES TRAVEL THROUGH BLOOD STREAM TO EFFECT ONE CELL, ACHIEVED BY PROTEIN RECEPTORS

A

TARGET CELLS

137
Q

INFLUENCES THEIR TARGET CELLS BY CHEMICALLY BINDING TO THESE SPECIFIC PROTEINS RECEPTORS

A

RECEPTOR BINDING

138
Q

HAVE BETWEEN 2000-100,000 RECEPTORS FOR A PARTICULAR HORMONE

A

RECEPTOR QUANLITY

139
Q

NUMBER OF RECEPTORS ON THE TARGET CELL MAY DECREASE

A

DOWN-REUGLATOR

140
Q

INCREASE NUMBER OF RECEPTORS

A

UP-REGULATION

141
Q

SECERT SPECIFIC CELL PASS INTO INTERSTITIAL FLUID TO ENTER BLOODSTREAM

A

CIRCULATING HORMONE

142
Q

PRODUCED BY NERVE GLAND, CONNECTS TO NERVE GLAND

A

LOCAL HORMONE

143
Q

HORMONE TAKES A SECOND TO HAVE AN EFFECT

A

PERMISSIVE EFFECT

144
Q

WHEN THE EFFECT OF TWO HORMONES ACT TOGETHER IS GREATER THEN IF ONE WAS ACTING

A

SYNERGISTIC EFFECT

145
Q

REGULATING BY SIGNALS FROM NERVOUS SYSTEM, CHEMICAL IN BLOOD, INFLUENCE OF OTHER HORMONES

A

CONTROL OF HORMONE SECERTION

146
Q

THE MAJOUR INTERGRATING LINK BETWEEN NERVOUS AND ENDCRINE SYSTEM

A

HYPOTHALMUS

147
Q

SECERTS HOROMNES IN RESPONSE TO HYPOTHALAMIC RELEASING HROOMNES SECERTED BY NEUROSECETORY CELL

A

CONTROL OF THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND

148
Q

LOCATED INFERIOR TO THE LARYNX, hGH AND ISULINE HELPS THE BODY GROW,

A

THYROID GLAND

149
Q

CALCITIONIN

A

SECERTS WHEN CALCUIM LEVELS ARE HIGH

150
Q

SMALL ROUND MASSES OF TISSUE ATTCHED TO THE BACK OF THE THYROID GLAND

A

PARATHYROID GLAND

151
Q

REGULATES TH CONCENTRATION OF NA AND K IN BLOOD

A

ADERNAL GLAND

152
Q

SMALL ENDOCRINE GLAND ATTACHE TO ROOF OF THRID VENTRICLE

A

PINEAL GLAND

153
Q

LOCATED BETWEEN LUNGS AND PRODUCES HORMONES RELATED TO IMMUNITY

A

THYMUS GLANDS

154
Q

STRESS RESPONSE

A

THREE STAGES, ALARM REACTION, RESISTANCE REACTION, EXHAUSTION

155
Q

ALARM RESPONE OTHER NAME

A

FIGHT OR FLIGHT

156
Q

INITIATED BY SECERTING HORMONES BY THE HYPOTHALAMUS

A

RESISTANCE REACTION

157
Q

RESULT WHEN OTHER TWO STAGES ARE OVER

A

RESTING STAGE

158
Q

TRANSPORTATION, REGULATING BODY PH, REGULATING TEMP., PROVIDES PROETCION THROUGH ITS CLOTTING MECHANIAM AND IMMUNE

A

BLOOD FUNCTION

159
Q

WHOLE BLOOD IS

A

8%

160
Q

BLOOD PLASMA IS

A

55%

161
Q

BI-CONCAVE DISCS, MATURE RBC LACK NUCLEUS, PROTEIN MAKING, LIFE SPAN 120

A

RBC

162
Q

4 POLYPEPTIDE CHAINS, IRON CONTAINING HEME CENTER

A

HEMOGLOBIN

163
Q

CAUSES KIDNEY TO RELEASE HOROMNES WHICH ACT ON RED BONE MARROW TO PRODUCE RED BLOOD CELLS

A

ERYTHROPOIESIS

164
Q

LEUKOCYTES

A

WHITE BLOOD CELLS

165
Q

UNDER 10,000/MM

A

INDICATES INFECTION

166
Q

OVER 5,000

A

SEVER DISEASE

167
Q

HEMOPOIETIC STERM CELLS DIFFERENTIATE INTO PLATELETS,

A

PLATELETS

168
Q

HOMEOSTATSIS

A

STOPS BLEEDING, USES VASCULAR SPASM, FORMATION OF PLATELET PLIG, BLOOD CLOTTING

169
Q

DISSOLVES SMALL, INAPPROPRIATE CLOTS

A

FIBRINOLYSIS

170
Q

CLOTTING IN AN UNBROKEN BLOOD VESSEL IS CALLED THROMBOSIS

A

INTERVASCULAR CLOTTING

171
Q

PROCESS OF TRANSFERING BLOOD OR BLOOD PRDUCTS

A

BLOOD TRANSFUSION

172
Q

PLASMA WITHOUT CLOTTING FACTORS, STABLE ROOM TEMP

A

SERUM

173
Q

SAME ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES ARE MIXED TOGETHER THEY WILL BOND THE ANTIBODIES WILL LINK THE RED BLOOD CELLS TOGETHER

A

AGGLUTINATION

174
Q

FOUND SURFACE OF RED BLOOD CELLS, ANTIGEN ARE CALLED RN POSITIVE

A

RN FACTORS

175
Q

RUNS DOWN THE FRONT OF THE SPINE

A

ANTERIOR LONGITUDINAL LIGAMENT

176
Q

RUNS DOWN BACK THE BAKC OF THE SPINE

A

POSTERIORNLOGITUDINAL LIGAMENT

177
Q

FOUND BETWEEN THE TRANSVERSE PROCESSES OF EACH VERTEBRA

A

INTERTRANSVERSE LIGAMENT

178
Q

HOLDS HEAD UP

A

NUCHAL LIGAMENT

179
Q

ALLOWS FOR BENDING OVER

A

LIGAMENTUM FLAVUM

180
Q

OUTTER MOST NERVE COVERIGN

A

EPINEURIUM

181
Q

INNER MOST LAYER COVERING NERVE

A

ENDONEURIUM

182
Q

WRAPPED AROUNDS A BUNDLE

A

PERINEURIUM

183
Q

OCCURS WHEN SPINAL CORD GRAY MATTER INTEGRATES

A

SPINAL REFLECT

184
Q

INTEGRATES IN THE BRAINSTEM RATHER THEN SPINAL CORD

A

CRANIAL REFLECT

185
Q

MID-LAYER OF THE EYE

A

VASCULAR LAYER

186
Q

INNER LAYER OF EYE

A

RETINA

187
Q

BEHIND THE PUPIL

A

LENS

188
Q

COLLECTS SOUND WAVES,

A

ENTERNAL EAR

189
Q

CURVED OUTIDE OF THE EYE

A

EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS

190
Q

COVERED BY EPDERMIS

A

TYNPANIC MEMBRANE/EARDRUM

191
Q

MALLEUS, INCUS AND STAPES, COCHLEAR

A

MIDDLE EAR

192
Q

LABYRINTH, CANALS, ENDOLYMOH- EQUILIBRIUM, VESTIBULE, COCHLEA

A

INTERNAL INNER EAR

193
Q

SOUNDS WAVES ENTER ACOUSTIC MEATUS, TYMPANIC MEMBRANE VIBRATES IN RESPONSE, SENDS VIBRATION TO MALLUS, INCUS, STAPES,, STAPES MOVES AT THE OVAL SHAPED, PRESSURE WAVES TRAVEL CAUSING COCHLEAR WINDOW TO BULGE, PUSHING THE VESTIBULAR MEMBRANE, PRESSURE WAVES IN THE ENDOLYMPH AND MOVING HAIR CELLS OF SPIRAL ORGAN AGIANT THE TECTORIAL MEMBRANE

A

HEARING PROCESS

NURSING SCHOOL YEAR ONE (9 decks)

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