Professional Practice and Ethics Flashcards
Highest form of law
Constitution
When was constitution chartered?
1987
Piece of legislation to create policy in order to carry out principles of constitution
Republic Act
Laws passed when Marcos closed Congress
Batas Pambansa
All laws created during Commonwealth period
Commonwealth Act
Laws created during the Martial law years (1972-1986)
Presidential Decree
Presidential act providing for rules of a general or permanent character in implementation or execution of constitutional or statutory powers
Executive Order
Acts of President which relate to particular aspects of governmental operations in pursuance of his duties as administrative head
Administrative Order
Acts of President fixing a date or declaring a status or condition of interest
Proclamation
Declared by Cory Aquino stating that the last week of May shall be considered as the National Interior Design Week
Proclamation No. 390 Series of 2012 “National Interior Design Week”
Acts of President on matters of administrative detail which only concerns a specific office or government
Memorandum Order
Detailed legal procedures and processes designed to implement law
Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR)
Local law passed by local legislative body of province, city, municipality or barangay and approved by chief executive officer
Ordinance
Aka National Budget Act which states that IDrs shall receive allowance and compensation
General Appropriations Act
Philippine Interior Design Act of 1998
R.A. 8534
When was R.A. 8534 implemented?
February 23, 1998
When was the IRR of R.A. 8534 implemented?
May 1998
This Act shall be known as “Philippine Interior Design Act of 2012”;An Act to Regulate and Modernize the Practice of Interior Design in the Philippines
R.A. 10350
When was R.A. 10350 implemented?
December 17, 2012
What changed from R.A. 8534 to R.A. 10350?
- Interior design degree as a requirement
- Inclusion of color theory among subjects
- Definition of lawful practitioners of ID changed
- Appendage and use of titles
- AIPO mandatory membership
- Mandatory CPD points
- Recognition of seal and signature on all ID docs
- Proprietary rights
- Reciprocity and counterparts
- Civil liabilities
- Grandfather’s clause
When was the IRR of R.A. 10350 implemented?
June 17, 2013
What are the objectives of R.A. 10350?
- The examination, registration and licensure of professional interior designers
- Supervision control and regulation of the practice of interior design
- Development of professional competence of interior designers through continuing professional education
- Integration of the interior design profession
Interior Design
Interior design is the science and art of planning, specifying, selecting and organizing surface finishes, treatments, color and materials including furniture, furnishings and fixtures and other interior design elements for the purpose of the interior space allocation to suit, meet and enhance the intended function, movement and character for which the interior of the building is designed.
Professional Interior Designer
A natural person who holds a valid certificate of registration and a valid professional identification card issued by the Board and the Commission pursuant to R.A. 10350
What does PRC stand for?
Professional Regulation Commission
Commission Chairperson
Refers to the Chairperson of PRC
Professional Regulation Commission Modernization Act of 2000
R.A. 8981
Refers to the Professional Regulatory Board for Interior Design created under R.A. 10350
Board
Board Chairperson
Refers to the Chairperson of the Board of Interior Design
What does CHED stand for?
Commission on Higher Education
What does CPE stand for?
Continuing Professional Education/Development
What does CPEC stand for?
Continuing Professional Education Council
What does AIPO stand for?
Accredited and Integrated Professional Organization of licensed and registered Interior Designers recognized by the Board and the Commission
What does CIDE stand for?
Council of Interior Design Educators
An area inside a building or room with respect to design and decoration, the purpose, function and dimensions of which is prescribed in the documents
Interior Space
Documents that form part of the legal contract for services between two or more parties which shall include detailed instructions to the contractor, tender forms, contract documents and specifications
Contract Documents
Services on the specified interior spaces which shall include developing and monitoring schedules and construction costs, ensuring that the construction is completed in conformance with contracts and design intent or doing liason works with contractors and consultants throughout the course of construction, reviewing shop drawings submitted by contractor, observing and monitoring construction progress; move-in furniture / furnishing installations and conducting required post-occupancy evaluations
Contract Administration/ Project Management
Plans showing appropriate scale and type of furnishings with critical or required clearances that shall serve as the basis for a fully integrated project design for Furniture, Furnishings and Equipment (FF&E) package
Furniture Footprint Plans
Design, selection, specification, color coordination and procurement documentation of the required items necessary to meet the functional, operational, sustainability, safety and aesthetic requirements of the users
Furniture, Furnishings and Equipment (FF&E)
Scope of work which may include, but not limited to conducting research, identifying and analyzing the requirements of the clients; evaluating existing documentation and conditions; assessing project resources and limitations; identifying life safety and relevant codal requirements and developing project schedules and budgets
Programming
Ceiling layout that shall include lighting, and other fixed or movable elements of all utilities
Reflected Ceiling Plan (RCP)
Researches, analyses and plan/design translations of interior spatial requirements based on codal requirements and space planing standards including but not limited to space programs/plans, stacking diagrams, connectivity and access, satisfaction of organic and sustainable design requirements and furniture and equipment layouts
Space Planning
Detailed written description of construction, workmanship and materials of the interior design work to be undertaken which may be closed or open technical specifications
Technical specifications
The practice of interior design is the act of ______, ______, ______, ______ and ______ general administration and responsible direction to the ______, ______ and ______ arrangement and enhancement of interior spaces.
planning, designing, specifying, supervising and providing
functional, orderly and aesthetic
Scope of interior design
- Consultation, advice etc
- Preliminary interior design concepts, schematic interior design development etc.
- Preparation of interior design plans etc
- Interior construction administration
- All other works that require professional competence of IDr
The Board under the administrative control and supervision of the Commission shall be composed of a ______ and ______ members appointed by the ______ of the Philippines.
Chairperson and two
President
The Specialty Board of Interior Design is under the Board of Architecture through ____________. This became a full pledged Board with the enactment of RA 8534
Board Resolution No. 21 (1982).
First licensure exams
August 22, 1983
First fully computerized exams
October 5, 1994
7 Qualifications of the Board Chairperson and Members
- Must be a citizen of PH
- Degree holder of BSID or BFA major in ID or equivalent
- Must be registered IDr. and active practitioner for not less than 10 years
- Must not be a member of the faculty
- Must not be connected with a review center
- Must be a member with good standing in AIPO but not an incumbent trustee
- Must not have been convicted of a crime
Board term of office
3 years- Chair
2 years- Member 1
1 year- Member 2
12 Powers and duties of the Board
- Adopt, promulgate and administer rules and regulations necessary for carrying out provisions of RA 10350
- Supervise and regulate the registration, licensure and practice of professional IDrs
- Administer oaths
- Issue, suspend, revoke, reinstate COR or professional license
- Adopt an official seal of the Board
- Monitor conditions affecting practice of IDr and adopt such measures as may be deemed proper for the enhancement of the profession and/or maintenance
- Ensure, in coordination with CHED that all other educational institutions offering ID comply with policies, standards and requirements of the course
- Prescribe and adopt Code of Ethics
- Hear and try administrative cases
- Prescribe guidelines for CPE/CPD program
- Prepare, adopt and issue TOS and syllabi for exam
- Discharge such other duties and functions as may be deemed necessary for enhancement of ID
From 45 CPD points required down to 15 points amended February 7, 2019; aka Continuing Professional Development Act of 2016
R.A. 10912
4 Grounds for removal or suspension of Board Chairperson/Member
- Gross neglect, incompetence, dishonesty
- Commission of prohibited acts/ violations of R.A. 10350, Revised Penal Code, the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act and other related laws
- Manipulation or rigging of the licensure exam, tampering with results, disclosure of secrets, manipulation/shoving of grades and similar acts
- Conviction of an offense involving moral turpitude
Official seal of the Board
page 9
4 Qualifications of Applicants for licensure exam
- Must be citizen of PH or foreign citizen w foreign reciprocity
- Of good moral character
- . Must be holder of ID degree in PH or equivalent in foreign
- Not convicted of an offense
Subjects for licensure exam
Interior Design 40% Furniture Design and Construction 15% Materials of Design and Decoration 10% History of Arts and ID 10% Interior Construction and Utilities 10% Color Theory 5% Professional Practice and Ethics 5%
The Board shall issue for dissemination a program for every scheduled examination not later than ______ days before the first day of scheduled exam which shall contain four things: ______, ______, ______, ______.
- 20
- Name of applicant
- Subjects for exam with corresponding percentage weight; times, date, places of exam
- Instructions
- Names and signatures of Chairman and Members of the Board
An examinee must obtain a weighted general average of ______% to qualify as having passed. The Board shall release the report of ratings within ______ days after the exam unless extended by Commission for just cause.
70%
20 days
All successful candidates in the examination shall be required to take an ______ of ______ before the Board or any government official authorized by Commission.
oath of profession
The Board shall not register any successful applicant for registration who has been:
- Convicted of an offense
- Guilty of immoral or dishonourable conduct
- Adjudged guilty for violation of the General Instructions to Examinees
- Declared of unsound mind
In refusing to register, the Board shall give the applicant a ______ ______ setting forth the reasons thereof and shall file a copy thereof in its records.
Written statement
A __________________ shall be issued to applicants who passed the examination for interior designers subject to payment of registration fees.
Certificate of Registration
The certificate of registration shall bear the signatures of the __________________ and the ____________, stamped with the official seal, indicating that the person named therein is entitled to practice the profession with all privileges appurtenant thereto until withdrawn, suspended or revoked in accordance with R.A. 10350.
Chairperson of the Commission and the Board Members
A certificate of registration bearing the ____________, ____________, and ____________, duly signed by the Chairman of the Board shall likewise be issued to every registrant who has paid the required fees.
registration number
date of issuance
expiry date
The professional identification card issued to an interior designer shall be valid for a period of ______ from its issuance and shall be renewed every after ______ on the ______ of the interior designer upon payment of fees and submission of required documents.
3 years
3 years
birth month
All practicing interior designers who are registered at the time of the passage of RA 10350 shall ______ be registered and issued __________________ subject to existing rules and regulations.
automatically
certificate of registration
All interior designers whose names appear in the Registry Book of Interior Designers shall ______ or ______ become members thereof and shall receive therefrom all the benefits and privileges due to members upon payment of AIPO membership fees and dues.
ipso facto
automatically
Natural persons
- Duly registered and licensed IDr and holders of valid COR and professional ID
- Holders of valid COR/ temporary special permits
Juridical persons
- Single proprietorship owned by registered and licensed IDr
- General professional partnership composed of partners duly registered and licensed IDrs
- Corporation whose CEO and key officers shall be registered and licensed IDrs
A duly registered IDr shall ______ and ______ the seal as approved by the Board on all plans, specifications and contract documents prepared by him/her or under his/her direct supervision during the validity of his/her COR.
sign and affix
Foreigners intending to work in the Philippines to perform professional services as IDrs or consultants shall first secure a __________________ from the Commission through the Board provided that:
1.
2.
Temporary/special permit
- He/she is legally and professionally qualified and registered IDr in his/her own country
- His/her expertise is unique and useful to the PH
Foreign interior designer shall be required to work in every case with a ________________________ who has been in the continuous practice of interior design for at least ______…
duly licensed Filipino counterpart
10 years
The provisions of __________________ entitled “Guidelines in Implementing Section 7 paragraphs (j), (l) and Section 16 of Republic Act 8981” shall govern the procedures in the application, filing, evaluation, issuance/approval/denial/revocation/cancellation of COR or Special Temporary Permits of foreign nationals who desire to practice ID in PH
PRC Resolution No. 2012-668, Series of 2012
9 Reasons for Revocation or Suspension of COR and Cancellation of Temporary/Special Permit
- Violation of RA 10350
- Perpetration and/or use of fraud in obtaining COR, professional ID or temporary/special permit
- Gross incompetence, negligence or ignorance
- Refusal to join or remain a member in good standing in AIPO
- Neglect or failure to pay annual registration fees for 5 consecutive years
- Knowingly aiding or abetting illegal practice of nonregistered person
- Illegally practicing during suspension
- Addiction to drug or alcohol abuse
- Noncompliance with CPE requirements
The Board may reinstate or reissue a revoked COR after ______ from date of effectivity of the period for revocation
2 years
The Board shall suspend a registered IDr for nonpayment of the annual registration fees for ____________ from his/her last or previous year payment.
5 consecutive years
The following shall be punished by a fine of ____________ but not more than ____________ or imprisonment of not less than ______ but not more than ______.
300,000 pesos
1,000,000
6 months
3 years
The IDr shall assume full responsibility for contract work within ______ from final acceptance by the client.
1 year
Code of Ethics
I shall work with this general objective that my duty is not only to myself, but also to my fellowmen,
my country and God.
I shall uphold the ideals and follow the norms of conduct of a noble profession and endlessly endeavor
to further its just ends.
I shall humbly seek success not through the measure of solicited personal publicity but by industrious
application
to my work, strive to merit a reputation for quality of service and for fair dealing.
I shall ask from all fair remunerations for my services while expecting and asking no profits from any
other source.
I shall hold the interest of my client over and above any self-interest for financial returns.
I shall exercise my professional prerogatives always with impartiality and disinterestedness.
I shall not allow my private business investments or venture to affect or influence my professional
judgment to
the detriment of the trust place upon me.
I shall always keep my moral responsibilities towards my colleagues.
I shall inspire by my behavior the loyalty of my associates and subordinates and take upon me the
mentorship of the aspirants to the profession.
I shall confine my criticisms and praises of the works of colleagues within constructive and inspirational
limits
and never resort to these means to further malicious motives.
I shall dedicate myself to the pursuit of creative endeavor towards the goal of enlightened Art and
Science,
generously sharing with colleagues, friends and strangers alike the benefits of my experience and experiments.
Responsibilities in Relation to Client
The Interior Designer may introduce to a prospective Client the professional services he is able to perform provided it is limited to presentation of examples of his professional experience and does not entail the offering of free preliminary sketches or other services without the benefit of an agreement with the Client for legitimate compensation. The same holds true for an Interior Designer whether employed by or is the proprietor of a furniture, drapery or allied supply firm. A ____________ should always be charged for interior designer services except when this is limited only to consultative advice and minor sketches needed to help sell the products.
separate interior designer’s fee
Responsibilities in Relation to Client
The interior designer shall acquaint or ascertain from the Client at the very inception of their business relationship the ____________ and the corresponding ____________.
exact scope of services; professional charges
Responsibilities in Relation to Client
The interior designer shall explain the conditional character of ______ other than estimates submitted in the form of actual proposals by contractors and in no case shall he guarantee any estimates or cost of work. Neither shall he mislead his clients to the probable cost of the work in order to secure a commission/
estimates
Responsibilities in Relation to Client
The interior designer shall consider the ____________ of his client and the ______ of his work upon the life and well-being of the public and the community as a whole and to endeavor to meet the aesthetic and functional requirements of the project commensurate with the client’s appropriation.
needs and stipulations; effects
Responsibilities in Relation to Client
The IDr shall charge his client for services rendered, a ____________ commensurate with the work involved and his professional standing and experience based upon the basic minimum fee prescribed by the __________________.
Philippine Institute of Interior Designers (PIID)
Responsibilities in Relation to Client
The IDr shall be compensated for his services solely through his ____________ charged directly to the ______. He shall not accept nor ask for any other returns in whatever form from any interested source other than the Client.
professional fee; client
Responsibilities in Relation to the Architect
The IDr shall not, without ____________ of the Architect, when an architect is involved, make any ____________ in plans or specifications.
prior consent; architectural changes
Responsibilities in Relation to the Architect
The IDr shall not make ____________ of the structure of the plans of the Architect.
malicious criticisms
Responsibilities in Relation to the Architect
The IDr shall work in cooperation with the ______ to ensure the success of the project.
architect
Responsibilities in Relation to the Architect
The IDr shall not make any ____________ for any building or project to be signed by any licensed architect but passed on as the work of an IDr’s firm unless he too is a licensed architect.
architectural plans
Responsibilities in Relation Manufacturers, Contractors and Suppliers
The IDr shall not at any time receive ________, ________, ________ or ________ from agents or firms handling furniture, drapery or other building and decorative supplies which may place him in a reciprocal frame of mind. He may, however, accept ____________ which shall be credited to the client.
commission, discounts, fees or favors; market discount
Responsibilities in Relation Manufacturers, Contractors and Suppliers
The IDr shall immediately, upon his personal knowledge and inspection, ______ or ______ materials or workmanship which are not in conformity with the specifications in the contract documents in order not to cause unnecessary delay or additional expense to the manufacturer or contractor. The IDr shall give the manufacturer every reasonable aid to enable him to fully understand the specifications of the contract by furnishing clear, definite and consistent information in all pertinent documents to avoid unnecessary mistakes which may involve extra costs to the manufacturer or contractor.
reject or condemn
Responsibilities in Relation to His Colleagues and Subordinates
The IDr shall not render services without ________ except for small, civic or community projects. He shall neither offer nor provide preliminary services on a conditional basis prior to definite agreement with the client for the commission of the projects.
compensation
Responsibilities in Relation to His Colleagues and Subordinates
The IDr shall not ________________ with other interior designers on the basis of difference of ________, nor use ________ as a device for obtaining competitive advantage except for worthy civic projects. Neither shall he submit solicited or unsolicited sketches or drawings in competition with other designers unless agreed upon by architects involved.
knowingly compete; professional charges; donation
Responsibilities in Relation to His Colleagues and Subordinates
The IDr shall not under any circumstance nor through any means seek ________ already known to him as previously endowed to another IDr whether such endowment has been definitely agreed upon or still in the process of negotiation.
commission
Responsibilities in Relation to His Colleagues and Subordinates
The IDr shall not ________________________ for which he knows another IDr has been ________________ until he has notified such IDr of the fact in writing and had conclusively determined that the original employment has been terminated and has been duly compensated for.
undertake a commission
previously employed
Responsibilities in Relation to His Colleagues and Subordinates
The IDr shall not knowingly injure ________ or ________, the ________________, ________, or ________ of another IDr for the same project and client, except with the knowledge of such IDr or unless such IDr’s work has definitely been terminated or involving criticism of public projects financed with public funds.
falsely maliciously professional reputation prospects practice
Responsibilities in Relation to His Colleagues and Subordinates
The IDr shall not in any case, engage as a ________ in any IDr competition when he has ________________ with the formulation of the Programs thereof or when he has been engaged to act as professional ________ or ________ in any IDr competition when he has any information or has reviewed or assisted in the preparation of any competition design entered. Nor shall an IDr, retained as a professional adviser in a competition, accept ________ as an IDr for that competition project except as __________________________.
competitor direct relations adviser juror employment Consulting Interior Designer
Responsibilities in Relation to His Colleagues and Subordinates
The IDr shall inspire by the loyalty of his employees and subordinates by providing them with _______________________, requiring them to render competition and efficient services and paying them ________ and ________ compensation therefor. He shall tutor and mentor the young aspirants towards the ideals, functions, duties and responsibilities of the profession.
suitable working conditions
adequate
just
Responsibilities in Relation to His Colleagues and Subordinates
The IDr shall unselfishly give his share in the ________ of technical information and experience among his colleagues and young aspirants and do his part in fostering unity in the fellowship of the profession.
interchange
Responsibilities in Relation to the People
The IDr shall seek opportunities to be of ________ service in ________ and ________ affairs and to the best of his ability, advance the safety, health and well-being of the people and the community as well as the promotion, restoration or preservation of the general amenities and other examples of historic and architectural heritage of the nation.
constructive
civic
urban
Responsibilities in Relation to the People
The IDr shall promote the ___________________________ and do his full part of the work to enhance the objectives and services of the organization. He should share in the interchange of technical information and experience with other design professions and the building industry.
interest of his professional organization
Responsibilities in Relation to the People
The IDr, as a good citizen shall _______ and _______ the laws and regulations of the profession in the Philippines. He shall, at no time, act in a manner detrimental to the best interest of the profession.
abide
observe
Responsibilities in Relation to the People
The IDr shall not ________ the public through advertisement, signs or printed matter citing his professional specialization unless such qualifications are well-known or sanctioned by professional consensus and years of experience.
mislead
Guidelines for Standard Fees
PIID Document # 5
3 usual forms of earnings
Salary
Fixed contract amount
Standard rates for services rendered based on time, overhead and materials
Consultation fee
Min. ₱500 per hour
Max ₱1500 per hour
or lump sum of ₱10,000 per day (8 working hours)
plus transportation, accommodation, food and per diem for local and international out of town projects
Fee for small projects with max. floor area of 75 sqm.
Min. ₱50,000 per unit or ₱1,000 per sqm
Fee from 76 sqm to 300 sqm
Min. ₱50,000 per major room or max. ₱300,000 per house
Fee for 301 sqm and above
Min ₱400 to max. ₱800 per sqm
Fee for repetitive work
Full payment for 1 unit or
Percentage of one unit for the succeeding set of units
Fee for renovation and repair works
Min. ₱50,000 per unit or ₱1,000 per sqm plus 10% contingency fees for unseen additional works
Fees on Percentage basis
10%-15% of budgetary cost; cost will depend on prevailing market rate per sqm
How many sets of blueprints needed on contract document and coordination phase?
7 sets
Schedule of fees per phase
10% acceptance fee 20% schematic design phase 35% design development phase 20% contract document and coordination phase 15% construction phase
According to PIID Document No. 5 Chapter 4, contract for professional services shall be executed in pursuance with pertinent provision of _________ promulgated February 23, 1998 and _________ on the Protection of Intellectual Property issued November 14, 1972.
RA 8534
PD 49
Contract for Professional Services
PIID Document #6
The Technical Standards for the Practice of Interior Design in the Philippines
ID Code
When was ID code promulgated?
December 24, 2007
Historic buildings subject to alteration, repairs, renovations, additions, upgrading necessary for the preservation, restoration, rehabilitation or continued use need not conform to all requirements of this code (ID code) However, such shall be subject to regulation of the government agencies concerned like the ________________, ________________ or ________________ and the ________________. Reference for recommendation for approval shall be subject to compliance with ________________.
National Commission for Culture and Arts (NCCA)
National History Institute (NHI)
National Museum of the Philippines (NMP)
Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH)
R.A. 1066, National Cultural Heritage Act of 2008
National Cultural Heritage Act of 2008
R.A. 1066
Scope of Comprehensive Design Services
- Pre-design services/ Programming
- Design Services: Preliminary design, working drawings, specifications and other contract documents
- Specialized allied services
- Contract documentation
- Contract/Project Management
- FF&E
- Interior Construction Services
- Post-Construction services
The action or process wherein the client hires an IDr or ID Firm to coordinate the whole range of Comprehensive Design Services to oversee the project to competion.
Project Management
Responsible for his/her men and equipment and the delivery of the project as per the contract.
Contractor
Role is to make decisions on the project and to assure that funds are available to complete the project within the budget’s statement.
Client
Role is to plan, program and monitor the various activities and act as an adviser on material cost control.
Project Manager
Limitation of Authority of the Project Manager
- Shall not involve himself directly with the work of the Contractor
- Shall not impose method systems/ designs
- Shall not interfere with the IDr’s designs
Based on the Civil Code, does project manager have legal responsibility in so far as design and construction are concerned?
No
4 Methods of Compensation based on ID code
Salary
Fixed contract amount
Standard rates for services
Fees on percentage basis
Related services and the field of expertise where the Designer has acquired formal education and rigid training with long years of experience that gained him/her expertise.
Allied design services of the ID profession
Related services needed to complement the space which require specialization
Specialized Allied services
5 inclusions of specialized allied services
- Specialty product design, fabrication, production, furniture, furnishing and fixture
- Acoustic, lighting, telecommunication and electronic design
- Interior Landscaping design
- Interior Space Graphic design
- Theatre stage and studio set design
The art and science of ordering the use of space and setting of spaces and accessibility routes to secure the maximum practicable degree of economy via use of common facilities, convenience and aesthetics
Space Planning
Defined as the coordination of interior finishes involving tangibles and aesthetics
Space Planning
In the form of wayfinding, marketing and advertising visuals and creative designs for imagery and semiotic impact in the formulation of the interior message
Environmental Graphic Design
3 components in the formulation of environmental graphic design
- Wayfinding and Service Info Visuals/Signages
- Marketing and Advertising Visuals
- Legal Administrative Component
A specialized trade, offered as an option by the IDrs in the form of wall, floor or ceiling as a two-dimensional or three-dimensional artwork such as sculptures, painting and other forms of creative designs.
Visual Arts Design
Basic functions include quality control, evaluation and construction work and keeping of records, reports and contract documents. Group of individuals or individual who assist in the supervision and delivery of work; hired by the owner/client and usually recommended by the IDr.
Interior Project Management Group
As a full-time supervisor, how can the interior designer be compensated?
- Fees on Percentage basis
- Progress billing
- Cost per sqm
- Repetitive work
1st room: 100% full fee
Next 10 rooms: 75% of full fee
Next 20 rooms: 50%
Next 20 rooms: 25%
Tasked to address the need to effectively control costs and efficiently implement schemes, due to the complexity of construction projects. Can be an individual or a team hired by the owner/client to manage the construction project.
Construction manager
Functions of Construction manager
- Coordination and supervision
- Cost and Time Control
- Quality control of work and keeping of record
PERT-CPM
Project/Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT)
Critical Path Method (CPM)
Who prepares the PERT-CPM and cash flow?
Construction Manager
Limitations of authority of the construction manager
- Shall not involve himself directly with the work of the Contractor
- Shall not impose method systems/ designs
- Shall not interfere with the IDr’s designs
To whom does the construction manager directly report to on the project scheduling, coordination, quality and cost control?
Owner/client
Does the construction manager have a legal liability?
No
A professional service contract normally negotiated between the owner/client and the construction manager
Construction Manager Contract
According to the Construction Manager contract, how much should be the basic fee of construction managers?
2% to 3% of the estimated construction cost
Contract by a range of incentives and provisions
Incentive-type contracts
Type of incentive-type contract wherein the CM may be given an incentive if he/she meets the cost-related values or exceeds the specified target values.
Award Fee Provisions
Type of incentive-type contract wherein the contract fee will increase or decrease according to the previously agreed upon charges.
Price Adjustment Provision
Type of incentive-type contract wherein the CM will receive a lump sum fee which is a fixed fee unless the owner increases the scope of work.
Lump sum fee
Type of incentive-type contract wherein the CM will receive a fixed fee from the owner/client based on the difference between the final allowable costs and the target costs.
Fixed price incentives
Type of incentive-type contract with provisions of a fee that is adjusted by “sharing” formulas applied to the difference between the final allowable cases and the target costs/
Cost plus adjusted fee (CPAF)
Type of incentive-type contract wherein the CM will receive a cost plus fixed fee reimbursement of expenses incurred in the performance of basic services
Costs plus fixed fee
7 members of the construction team
- Owner/client
- Architect and design engineers
- IDr and design engrs
- General contractor with interior contractor
- Construction supervision group architectural/ID
- Construction manager
- Specialty contractors
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Use the ________ technology appropriate to the ________ need and incorporate ________________ strategies responsive to the local climate.
simplest
functional
passive energy-conserving
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Use ________________ building materials to the greatest extent possible.
renewable indigenous
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Strive for ________________. Optimize use and flexibility of spaces so that overall building size and the resources necessary for construction and operation are minimized.
“Smaller is Better”
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Consider ________. Strive for minimal environmental disruption, resource consumption and material waste and identify opportunities for reuse/recycling of construction debris.
constructability
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Provide ____________ to full spectrum of people with physical and sensory impairments while minimizing impacts on natural and cultural resources.
equal access
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Allow for ____________ and/or ____________ with minimum demolition and waste. Materials and components should be chosen that can easily be reused or recycled.
future expansion
adaptive uses
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Make it easy for the occupants to _______ waste.
recycle
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Apply ________________ techniques to effect appropriate comfort levels for human activities. Do not isolate ____________ from environment.
natural conditioning
human needs
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Avoid ________ on mechanical systems to alter the climate (such dependency signifies inappropriate design disassociation from the environment and non-suitable use of resources)
overdependence
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Analyze whether ________ is comfortable, too cool or too hot for anticipated activities and then which of the primary clinic components of temperature, sun, wind and moisture make the comfort level better (asset) or worse (liability).
climate
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Use design principles of ______, _______, ______, _______ and _______ to enhance complementary integration if facilities into environmental context.
scale rhythm proportion balance composition
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Use ________ to blend facilities with natural context, unless contradictory to other environmental considerations (reflection/absorption) or cultural values (customs/taboos).
muted colors
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Locate service and maintenance functions ______ from public areas, lodging units and interpretive stops so that natural, not human sounds dominate.
away
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Use ________ to create sound ______ between public and private activities.
vegetation
baffle
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Orient openings ______ natural sounds such as lapping of waves, babbling of streams, and rustling of leaves by the wind, restrict the use or audio level of unnatural sounds such as radios and televisions.
toward
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Allow visitors to ______ and ____________ with natural and cultural resources of the site.
touch
be in touch
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Vary ____________ to identify or give different quality to different spaces.
walking surfaces
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Use ____________ to direct attention to interpretative opportunities.
contrasting textures
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Allow ____________ of vegetation to be enjoyed.
natural fragrances
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Direct air exhausted from utility areas _______ from public areas.
away
ID Code Chapter 9: Sustainable Interior Design
Section 86: Sensory Experience
Provide opportunities to _______ local produce and cuisine.
sample
Sustainable designers work to create ____________ buildings and communities that are ____________ to build (or retrofit), ____________ to operate, ________ to lease and ________ and ____________ to occupy plus they boost ____________.
high-performance less expensive more profitable easier healthier more comfortable worker productivity
Related to “inclusive design” and “design for all”; an approach to design of products, services and environments to be usable by as many people as possible regardless of age, ability or situtation.
Universal design
Provide a level of accessibility for people with disabilities but they also often result in separate or stigmatizing solutions.
Barrier-free design and assistive technology
7 principles of universal design
EFSPTLS
- Equitable use
- Flexibility in use
- Simple and Intuitive use
- Perceptible Information
- Tolerance for Error
- Low physical effort
- Size and Space for Approach and Use
Principle of universal design where the design is useful and marketable to people with diverse ablities.
Equitable use
Principle of universal design where the design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities.
Flexibility in use
Principle of universal design where the use of design is easy to understand, regardless of user’s experience, knowledge, language skills or current concentration level.
Simple and Intuitive Use
Principle of universal design where the design communicates necessary information effectively to the user, regardless of ambient conditions or the user’s sensory abilities.
Perceptible Information
Principle of universal design where the design minimizes hazards and adverse consequences of accidental or unintended actions.
Tolerance for Error
Principle of universal design where the design can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of fatigue/
Low Physical Effort
Principle of universal design where appropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation and use regardless of user’s body size, posture or mobility.
Size and Space for Approach and Use
Signs for physically challenged and visually impaired
What color is the symbol and the background?
White symbol
Dark blue or black background
________ signboards indicate warnings
Rectangular
________ signboards spell out prohibitions
Circular
A rule of conduct, just, obligatory and laid down by a legitimate power for common observance and benefit
Law
5 characteristics and requisites of law
- It is a rule of conduct.
- It is just or presumed to be just
- It is laid down by a legitimate power
- It is obligatory or compulsory
- Existence of a sanction or punishment in case of non-observance of rule of conduct
5 sources of law
Constitution Legislation Administrative rules and regulations Judicial decisions or jurisprudence Custom and other supplementary sources
Ignorance of the law shall excuse no one from compliance therewith
Article 3
Law on obligations and contracts which is the body of rules that deals with the nature and sources of obligations and rights and duties arising from agreements and particular contracts
RA 836, Book 4
Kind of obligation that gives right of action to compel their performance
Civil obligations
Kind of obligation based on equity and natural law; does not grant a right of action to enforce performance; merges with moral obligations
Natural obligations
Article 1156: An obligation is a juridical ________ to ________, to ________ or ________.
necessity
give
do
not to do
Elements of an obligation
The one who can compel compliance with the obligation
Active subject
Elements of an obligation
The one compelled with or perform the obligation
Passive subject
Elements of an obligation
Also known as efficient cause; the one which binds the parties or connects the parties to the obligation
Juridical or legal tie
Elements of an obligation
That which an object or undertaking of the obligation or that which is to be given, to be done or not to be done
Prestation
5 sources of obligations
Law Contracts Quasi-contracts Acts or omissions punished by law Quasi-delicts
Article 1159
Obligations arising from ________ have the ____________ between the contrasting parties and should be complied with in good faith.
contracts
force of law
If a person obliged to do something fails to do it, the same shall be executed at his cost. This same rule shall be observed if he does it in contravention of the tenor of the obligation. Furthermore, it may be decreed that what has been poorly done be undone.
Article 1167
4 sources of liability for damages
Fraud
Negligence
Delay
Contravention of the tenor of the obligation
Intentional non performance of obligation; deception. There is an intent to evade the normal fulfillment of the obligation and to cause damage.
Dolo
Responsibility arising from fraud is demandable in all obligations. Any waiver of an action for future fraud is void.
Article 1171
Fraud in the performance of an obligation. Does not affect validity of contract. Renders guilty party liable for damages.
Dolo incidente/ incidental fraud
Fraud used by one of the parties to a contract in securing the consent of the other party. Renders contracts voidable. Renders the contract defective and subject it to annulment and gives the innocent party a right to ask for damages.
Dolo causante/ causal fraud
Carelessness or lack of diligence.
Culpa
Article 1173
When the negligence shows bad faith, it is considered equivalent to ________.
fraud
Type of negligence when there is a pre-existing obligation (arising from a contract) and there is fault in carrying out such.
Contractual negligence/ culpa contractual
Type of negligence when negligence becomes a source of obligation in itself without a pre-existing contract
Civil negligence/ culpa aquiliana
Legal delay where there is failure in performance of an obligation on time constituting a breach
Mora or default
Delay on the part of the debtor to fulfill his obligation
Mora solvendi
Delay on the part of the creditor to accept the performance of the obligation
Mora accipiendi
Delay of obligors in reciprocal obligations
Compensation morae
The violation of the stipulations in the obligation. The contravention however must not be due to fortuitous event or force majeure.
Contravention of the tenor of the obligation
Article 1174
Except in cases expressly specified by the law or when it is otherwise declared by stipulation, or when the nature of the obligation requires the assumption of risk; no person shall be responsible for those events which could not be ________, or which, though ________ were ________.
foreseen
foreseen
inevitable
An event which could not be foreseen or which, through foreseen was inevitable. Includes unavoidable accidents.
Fortuitous event
According to the law, fortuitous events and ________ are the same as they exempt an obligor from liability.
force majeure
When there is human intervention; war, fire, robbery or invasion
Acts of man
Totally independent of will of any human being; earthquake, flood, hurricane, lighting strike, volcano erruption
Acts of God
6 ways to extinguish obligations
Payment/ Performance Loss of the thing due Condonation or remission of debt Confusion or merger of rights of creditor and debtor Compensation Novation
Includes delivery of money and performance of an obligation in a manner other than delivery of money like delivery of a determinate object agreed upon or rendition of a service or services.
Payment
Article 1305
A ________ is a meeting of the minds between two persons whereby one binds himself with the respect to the other, to give something or to render some service.
contract
Basic Principles or Characteristics of Contracts
Obligations arising from contracts have the force of law between contracting parties and should be complied with in good faith. (Article 1159)
Obligatory force
Basic Principles or Characteristics of Contracts
The contracting parties may establish such stipulations, clauses, terms and conditions as they may deem convenient, provided they are not contrary to law, morals, good customs, public order or public policy. (Article 1306)
Autonomy
Basic Principles or Characteristics of Contracts
The contract must bind both contracting parties; its validity or compliance cannot be left to the will of one of them (Article 1308)
Mutuality
Basic Principles or Characteristics of Contracts
Contracts take effect only between parties, their assigns and heirs, except in case where the rights and obligations arising from the contract are not transmissible by their nature, or by stipulation or by provision of law. (Article 1311)
Relativity
Basic Principles or Characteristics of Contracts
Contracts are perfected by mere consent and from that moment the parties are bound not only to the fulfillment of what has been expressly stipulated but also to all the consequences which, according to their nature, may be in keeping with good faith, usage and law. (Article 1315)
Consensuality
The negotiations stage of the contract leading to a definite agreement
Preparation or generation
Stage of contract when there has been a “meeting of minds” with respect to subject matter and cause of the contract.
Perfection or birth
The extinction of the contract by the performance of the obligation created by it
Consummation or termination
3 requisites before a third person can be held for damages
- Existence of valid contract
- Knowledge on the part of the third person of the existence of the contract
- Interference by the third person without legal justification or excuse
No one may contract in the name of another without being authorized by the latter or unless he has by law a right to represent him
Article 1317
3 requisites for a person to contract in the name of another
- Must be duly authorized
- Must have by law a right to represent him
- The contract must be subsequently ratified
3 essential requisites of a contract
- Consent of contracting parties
- Object certain which is the subject matter of the contract
- Cause of the obligation which is established
Based on Article 1319, it is the conformity of wills, and with reference to contracts, it is the agreement of the will of one contracting party with that of another or others.
Consent
Acceptance made by letter of telegram ________ the offerer except from the time it came to knowledge.
does not bind
5 requisites of consent
- There must be two or more parties
- The parties must be capable or capacitated
- There must be no vitiation of consent
- There must be no conflict between what was expressly declared and what was really intended
- The intent must be declared properly
A proposal to enter into a contract
Offer
The manifestation by the offeree of his agreement to the terms of the offer. Must be absolute.
Acceptance
3 persons incapacitated to give consent
- Unemancipated minor
- Insane or demented persons
- Deaf-mutes who do not know how to write
Article 1328
Contract entered into during a lucid interval are ________. Contracts agreed into a state of drunkenness or during a hypnotic spell are ________.
valid
voidable
Unconscious ignorance or forgetfulness of the existence or non-existence of a fact, past or present, material to the contract.
Mistake
This is present when in order to wrest consent, serious or irresistible force is employed.
Violence
This is present when one of the contracting parties is compelled by a reasonable and well-grounded fear of an imminent and grave evil upon his person or property, or upon the person or property of his spouse, descendants or ascendants, to give his consent.
Intimidation
When a person takes improper advantage over the will of another, depriving the latter of a reasonable freedom of choice.
Undue influence
When through insidious words or machinations of one of the contracting parties, the other is induced to enter into a contract, which without them, he would not have agreed to. (Art. 1338)
Fraud
Second essential element of a contract
Object of Contracts
The essential or more proximate purpose why a party assumes an obligation; the reason which moves the contracting parties to enter into a contract
Cause
Contracts shall be ________ in whatever form they may have been entered into, provided all the essential requisites for their validity are present.
obligatory
Remedy in equity by means of which a written instrument is made by or construed so as to express or conform to the real intention of the parties when some error or mistake has been committed.
Reformation
4 kinds of defective contracts
Rescissible contracts
Voidable contracts
Unenforceable contracts
Void contracts
Remedy granted by law both to the contracting parties and to the third persons in order to secure reparation of damage caused them by a contract, even if the contract be valid, by means of the restoration to their condition prior to the celebration of said contract.
Rescission
Remedy granted by law both to the contracting parties and to the third persons in order to secure reparation of damage caused them by a contract, even if the contract be valid, by means of the restoration to their condition prior to the celebration of said contract.
Rescission
Contracts where one of the parties is incapable of giving consent to the contract and where the consent is vitiated by mistake, violence, intimidation, undue influence or fraud.
Voidable contracts
A waiver of one’s right to annul the voidable contract. It cleanses the contract from all its defect from the moment it was constituted.
Ratification
Cannot be sued upon or enforced unless ratified, thus it is as if they have no effect yet. However, they may be ratified, hence they have in such a sense the effect of valid contracts. Therefore they may be called validable.
Unenforceable contracts
Contract that does not have effect at all. It cannot be ratified and/or validated.
Void Contracts
Void from the very beginning
Void ab initio
The contractor binds himself to execute a piece of work for the employer in consideration of a certain price or compensation
Contract for a piece of work
Contractor agrees to produce work from material furnished by him
Contractor-supplied materials (CSM)
Contractor only undertaken to put his work or skill and cannot claim any compensation if the work should be destroyed before its delivery
Owner-supplied materials (OSM)
________ of the work by the employer relieves the contractor of liability for any defect in the work
Acceptance
The engineer or architect who drew up the plans and specifications for a building is liable for damages if within ________ from the completion of the structure.
15 years
The ________ is likewise responsible for the damages if the edifice falls, within 15 years, on account of defects in construction or the use of materials of inferior quality
contractor
Acceptance of the building after completion does not imply ________ of any of the cause of action by reason of any defect mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The action must be brought within ________ following the collapse of the building.
waiver
10 years
The contractor can neither ________ from the contract nor demand an ________ in the price on account of the higher cost of labor or materials, save when there has been a change in the plans and specifications provided such change has been authorized by proprietor in writing and the additional price to be paid the contractor has been determined in writing by both parties.
withdraw
increase
The ________ may withdraw at will from the construction of the work, indemnifying the contractor for all the latter’s expenses, work and the usefulness which the owner may obtain therefrom.
owner
Article 1726
When a piece of work has been entrusted to a person by reason of his personal qualifications, the contract is ________ upon his death.
Rescinded
2 common forms of contract for a piece of work
Lump Sum contract
Cost-Plus contract
3 kinds of cost-plus contract
Cost-plus a fixed amount
Cost-plus a certain percentage
Cost-plus a certain percentage with a variable increase or decrease as bonus or deduction
Contracts for piece of works are discharged by
- Performance
- Substantial Performance
- Impossibility of Performance
- Agreement
- Breach of Contract
The estimated reparation in money for detriment or injury sustained or the compensation or satisfaction imposed by law for a wrong or injury caused by violation of legal right
Damages
The adequate compensation for pecuniary loss suffered.
Actual or Compensatory Damages
Incapable of pecuniary estimation or computation but are recoverable in the mount to be determined by the court provided they are the proximate result of the wrongdoer’s act or omission.
Moral Damages
Those awarded to vindicate or recognize the right of the plaintiff, which has been violated and not necessarily to indemnify him for any loss suffered
Nominal Damages
Those of which may be recovered when the court finds that some pecuniary loss has been suffered but its amount cannot, from the nature of the case, be proven with certainty. More than nominal but less than compensatory.
Temperate or Moderate Damages
Those agreed upon by the parties to a contract, to be paid in case of breach thereof.
Liquidated damages
Those which are imposed in additional to moral, temperate, liquidated or compensatory damages by way of example or correction for the public good
Exemplary or Corrective Damages
National Building Code of the Philippines
PD 1096
When was NBCP approved?
October 29, 2004
When did NBCP took effect?
May 1, 2005
NBCP shall apply to design, location, siting, construction, alteration, repair, conversion, use, occupancy, maintenance, moving, demolition of and addition to ________ and ________ buildings and structures except ________________________ and those covered by ________________ also known as “Economic and Socialized Housing Projects”.
public
private
traditional indigenous family dwellings
Batas Pambansa Bilang 220
The land or site upon which will be constructed any building or structure or any ancillary or auxiliary facility thereto, shall be ________,________ or ________.
sanitary
hygienic
safe
Any new construction which increases the height or area of an existing building/structure
Addition
Works in buildings/structures involving changes in the materials used, partitioning, location/size of openings, structural parts, existing utilities and equipment but does not increase the building height and/or floor area.
Alteration
A document issued by the BO to an owner/applicant to proceed with the construction etc.
Building permit
All-on site work
Construction
A change in the use or occupancy of a building/structure or any portion/s thereof, which has different requirements
Conversion
The systematic dismantling or destruction of a building/structure, in whole or in part
Demolition
The transfer of any building/structure of portion/s thereof from its original location or position to another
Moving
The applicable provisions of various agencies and technical professional codes that are supplementary to the Code
Referral codes
Any physical change made on a building/structure to increase its value, utility and/or to improve the aesthetic
Renovation
Remedial work done on any damaged or deteriorated portion/s of a building/structure to restore its original condition
Repair
The administration and enforcement of the provisions of the Code and this IRR including the imposition of penalties for administrative violations thereof is hereby vested in the ________.
Secretary
The Secretary has the power to issue and promulgate additional rules and regulations in the form of ________________ to implement the provisions of the Code and ensure compliance with policies, plans, standards and guidelines…
Memorandum circulars
The ________________________________ created through DPWH Department Order shall serve as the technical staff of the Secretary
National Building Code Department Office (NBCDO)
4 Functions of NBCDO
- Assist Secretary
- Review, evaluate and take final action on various technical and legal problems forwarded to the Office of the Secretary
- Conduct seminar/workshops on the Code, its IRR and BP 344 (accessibility law)
- Undertake such other duties assigned by Sec
Except as otherwise provided herein, the ________________ shall be responsible for carrying out the provisions of the Code in the field as well as the enforcement of orders and decisions made pursuant thereto
Building Official
5 qualifications of building officials
- Filipino citizen and of good moral character
- Duly registered architect or engr.
- Member of good standing of a duly accredited organization of his profession for not less than 5 years
- At least 5 years of diversified and professional experience
- Attended and successfully completed a seminar workshop on PD1096 and its IRR
Building officials undertake ________ inspections of all buildings and structures and keep an up-to-date record of their status
annual
Building officials submit a ________ situational report to the Secretary through NBCDO on the status of all existing, on-going and proposed public as well as private building/structure activities
quarterly
________________ and ________________________ shall be exempt from payment of building permit fees.
Public buildings
traditional indigenous family dwellings
Dwelling intended for the use and occupancy by the family of the owner only and constructed of native materials such as bamboo, nipa, logs, or lumber, the total cost of which does not exceed 15,000 pesos.
Traditional indigenous family dwelling
The Secretary or his duly authorized representative may prescribe and impose fines not exceeding ________________ in cases enumerated, subject to terms and procedures. In addition to imposed penalty the owner shall ________ or ________ his violations of the provisions of the Code.
10,000 pesos
correct
remove
Light violations of PD 1096
- Failure to post cert of occupancy/use/operation
- Failure to post building permit construction information sign
- Failure to provide or install appropriate safety measure
Less Grave Violations of PD 1096
- Noncompliance with work stoppage order for the alteration/addition/conversion/repair without permit
- User/ occupancy of building/structure without appropriate Cert of Occupancy/Use/Operation
One example of grave violations of PD 1096 is when excavations are left open without any work being done in the site for ________________.
more than 120 days
Are structurally unsafe or not provided with safe egress or which constitute a fire hazard or are otherwise dangerous to human life or which in relation to existing use constitute a hazard to safety or health of public welfare because of inadequate maintenance, dilapidation, obsolescence or abandonment or otherwise contribute to the pollution of the site or the community to an intolerable degree
Dangerous buildings
6 conditions or defects that render any building/structure dangerous or ruinous
- Structural Hazards
- Fire Hazards
- Unsafe electrical wiring
- Unsafe mechanical installation
- Inadequate sanitation/plumbing and health facilities
- Architectural deficiency
Procedure for abatement/demolition of dangerous/ ruinous buildings/structures
Refer to page 66 Ethics
Prescribed application form for building permit
NBC Form B-01
Ancillary permits
Architectural, civil/structural, electrical, mechanical, sanitary, plumbing, electronics permit
Issued by BO for accessory parts of the project with very special functions
Accessory permits
2 exemptions from building permits
Minor constructions
Repair works
Requirements for building permit application if you are the owner
- Building permit application form
- Certified true copy of OCT/TCT, on file with Registry of Deeds
- Tax Declaration
- Current Real Property Tax Record
- 5 sets of plans
Vicinity map/ location plan within ________ radius for commercial, industrial and institutional complex and within a ________ radius for residential buildings
2km
half km
Minimum scale of floor plans, RCP, elevations
1:100
The building official shall refer __ set of plans and specifications to the ________________________, ________________________, for his review and recommendations with respect to fire safety and control requirements.
1
City/Municipal Fire Marshall (C/MFM)
Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP)
The supervising Architect/Civil Engineer shall keep at the jobsite at all times a ________ of daily construction activities. Upon completion of construction, this shall be duly signed and sealed and submitted to the ________.
logbook
building official
When the construction is undertaken by contract, the work shall be done by a duly licensed and registered contractor pursuant to the provisions of the ________________________.
Contractor’s License Law (RA 4566)
A building permit issued under the provisions of the Code shall expire and be null and void if the building or work authorized therein is not commenced within a period of ________ after the issuance of the building permit.
1 year
Within ________ from the date of receipt of advice of non-issuance, suspension or revocation of permits, the applicant/permittee may file an appeal with the Secretary who shall render his decision within ________ from date of receipt of notice of appeal.
15 days
15 days
The owner/permittee shall submit to the OBO an application of Certificate of Occupancy together with a duly notarized ________________ together with the ________________, ________________ and ________ and the ________________ signed by the contractor and signed and sealed by the Owner’s architect/ civil engineer.
Certificate of completion
construction logbook
as-built plans and specifications
Building Inspection Sheet
PD 1185
Fire Code of the Philippines
Issued for the use or occupancy of a portion or portions of a building or structure
Partial Certificate of Occupancy
Shall be of wood construction. The structural elements may be any of the materials permitted by the Code.
Type I
Shall be of wood construction with protective fire-resistant materials and 1 hr fire-resistive throughout except that permanent non bearing partitions may use fire-retardant treated wood within framing assembly with 1 hr resistivity.
Type II
Shall be of masonry and wood construction. Structural elements may be any of the materials provided by the Code, provided that the building shall be 1 hr fire resistive throughout. Exterior walls shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction
Type III
Shall be of steel, iron, concrete or masonry construction and walls, ceiling and permanent partitions shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction except that permanent non-bearing partitions of 1 hr fire-resistive construction may use fire-retardant treated wood within the framing assembly
Type IV
Shall be 4 hour fire-resistive throughout and the structural elements shall be of steel, iron, concrete or masonry construction
Type V
Exterior bearing and non bearing walls of Types ____ and ____ constructions shall have ____ hour fire-resistive rating while those Types ____ and ____ shall have ____ hour fire-resistive rating.
II and III
1
IV and V
4
Interior bearing walls, permanent partitions, floors and roofs of Types ___, ___, and ___ construction shall have ___ hour fire resistive rating while those of ____ shall have ___ hour fire-resistive rating for bearing walls and ____ hour fire-resistive rating for vertical openings, floors and roofs
II, III and IV 1 V 3 1
Structural frames of Types ___ and ___ construction shall have ____ fire-resistive rating while those of Type ____ shall have ___ hour fire resistive rating and those of Type ___ shall have ___ hour fire-resistive rating
II and III 1 IV 2 V 3
Exterior doors shall have ____ hour fire-resistive rating for all Types.
1
Flame spread test for wall finishes
Tunnel test
Materials required to be flame-spread proofed shall be treated with flame retardant having a flame spread of ___ or less determined by the ________ test.
50
Tunnel
Areas within which only certain types of buildings/structures are permitted to be constructed based on their use or occupancy, type of construction and resistance to fire.
Fire zones
A building/structure which is located partly in 1 fire zone and partly in another shall be considered to be in the ________________________, when more than 1/3 of its total floor area is located in such zone
more high restrictive fire zone
Areas where siting of buildings/structures are permitted without fire-resistivity measures, often located in the country sides or rural areas here commercial and industrial and other buildings are sparsely constructed or may be scattered in small groups like farm lands wherein dwellings are built of indigenous materials such as bamboo, sawali, nipa, cogon, palm leaves and wood up to Types I and II construction
Non-fire restricted zones
Areas where siting of buildings/structures are permitted within prescribed fire-resistivity measures for exterior walls of at least 2 hr fire resistivity. Usual locations in suburban areas are permitted to be built with at least 1-hr fire resistivity throughout as Types II, III to IV constructions
Fire restrictive zones
Areas where highly fire-resistive or non-combustible buildings/structures and/or construction assemblies of no less that 3-4 hr fire resistive construction materials are used throughout including exterior walls. Only Types IV and V constructions are permitted
Highly Fire Restrictive Zones
Degree to which a material can withstand fire
Fire-resistive rating
Length of time a material can withstand being burned
Fire-resistive time period rating
10 groups of occupancies and 25 divisions
RREIBISAAA
Group A: Residential Dwellings B: Residential, Hotels and Apartments C: Education and Recreation D: Institutional E: Business and Mercantile F: Industrial G: Storage and Hazardous H: Assembly other than Group I I: Assembly occupant load 1000 or more J: Accessory
page 80 for divisions
When a building is of mixed occupancy or is used for more than 1 occupancy, the whole building shall be subject to the most ________ requirement.
restrictive
Types of occupancy separation
One-hour fire-resistive occupancy separation
Two hour
Three hour
Four hour
No building shall be constructed unless it adjoins or has direct access to a ________, ________ or ________ on at least one of its sides.
public space
yard
street
Eaves over windows shall not be less than ________ from the side and rear property line.
750mm
The dwelling shall occupy not more than ________ of a corner lot and ________ of an inside lot and subject to provisions of Easements of Light and view of the Civil Code of the PH, shall be at least ________ from the property line
90%
80%
2 meters
Footings shall be of sufficient size and shall be at least ________ thick and ________ below the surface of the ground
250mm thick
600mm
The live load of the first floor shall be at least ________ and for the second floor at least ________.
200kgs/sqm
150kgs/sqm
The wind load for roofs shall be at least ________ for vertical projection.
120kgs/sqm
Stairs shall be at least ________ in clear width, with a rise of ________ and a minimum run of ________.
750mm
200mm
200mm
Habitable rooms with artificial ventilation shall have ceiling heights not less than ________ measured from the floor to ceiling, provided that for buildings of more than 1 storey, the min. ceiling height for the first storey shall be ________ and that for second storey ________ and the succeeding stories shall have an unobstructed typical headroom clearance of not less than ________.
- 4m
- 7m
- 4m
- 1m
Rooms with natural ventilation shall have ceiling heights of not less than ________.
2.7m
Minimum size of rooms for human habitations
6sqm with least dimension of 2m
Minimum size of kitchen
3sqm with least dimension of 1.5m
Min. size of bath and toilet
1.2sqm with least dimension 0.9m
Min. air space for school rooms
3 cu. mts with 1 sqm of floor area per person
Min. air space for workshop, factories and offices
12 cu. mts per person
Min. air space for habitable rooms
14 cu. mts per person
Rooms intended for any use, not provided with artificial ventilation system, shall be provided with a window or windows with a total free area of openings equal to at least ____ of total floor area provided such opening shall not be less than ______.
10%
1 sqm
Toilet, bathrooms, laundry rooms and similar rooms shall be provided with window or windows with an area not less than ______ of the floor area, provided that such opening shall not be less than ______.
1/20
240 sq.mm.
There shall be ____________ on/at/within all types of abutments (such as firewalls) erected along property lines except for permitted vent wells
no openings
In case of extreme emergencies, windows must serve as emergency egress with a minimum clear opening width not less than ______ and a height of ______. The bottom of the opening should not be more than ______ from the floor.
820mm
1 meter
820mm
Permanent edifices owned by the government
Public buildings/structures
Public buildings/structures should be designed for ______ but with maximized flexibility to allow for future adjustments in their use/occupancies
permanence
Whenever available, ______ water requirements for a building used for human habitation shall be supplied from existing ______ or ______ waterworks system.
potable
municipal
city
Water Code of the Philippines
PD 1067
All buildings located in areas where there are no available sanitary sewerage system shall dispose their sewage to ______ or septic tank
“Imhoff”
Rainwater drainage ______ discharge to the sanitary sewer system
shall not
Unwanted sound
noise
The clearance between the established grade of the street and/or sidewalk and the lowest under surface of any part of the balcony shall not be less than ______.
3 meters
Width and height of arcades on the streets
3 meters
Permanent roofed structure above a door attached to and supported by building and projecting over a wall or sidewalk
Canopy or Marquee
Horizontal clearance between the outermost edge of the marquee and the curb line shall not be less than ______. The vertical clearance between the pavement or ground line and the undersurface of any part of the marquee shall not be less than ______.
300mm
3 meters
Movable shelter supported entirely from an exterior wall of a building and of a type which can be retracted, folded or collapsed against the face of a supporting building
Awning
Horizontal clearance between the awning and the curb line shall not be less than ______. The vertical clearance between the pavement or ground line and the undermost surface of the awning shall not be less than ______.
300mm
2.4 meters
When piles of materials stacked exceed ______ in height, the material shall be arranged that the sides and ends of piles taper back. No material shall be piled or stacked higher than ______.
- 2m
1. 8m
Mixing of mortar or concrete on ______ is not allowed.
public street
Non-structural facing of a brick, concrete, tile, metal, plastic, glass or other similar approved materials attached to a backing or structural components of the building
Veneer
Veneer shall support no load other than ______ and the ______ dead load of the veneer immediately above.
its own weight
vertical
Adhered veneer and its attachment shall be designed to resist horizontal force equal to ______ the weight of the veneer
twice
The types of floor construction used shall provide means to keep the beam and girders from ____________.
lateral buckling
Formula for occupant load
Floor area divided by unit area allowed per occupant
In all occupancies, floors above the 1st story having an occupant load of >10 shall have at least ______ exits
2
Any room having an occupant load of more than ______ where fixed seats are not installed, and which is used for classroom, assembly or similar purpose shall have the capacity of the room posted in a conspicuous place near the main exit from the room.
50
Except in ______ occupancies, changes in floor elevations of less than ______ along any exit serving a tributary occupant load of 10 or more shall be by means of ______.
Group A
300mm
ramp
Number of exits for floors above first storey with occupant load more than 10
2
Number of exits for mezzanine floor < 185 sqm or more than 18m
2 stairways
Number of exits having an occupant load of 500-999
3
Number of exits having an occupant load 1000 or >
4
No point in a building without a sprinkler system shall be more than ______ from an exterior exit door, a horizontal exit, exit passageway or an enclosed stairway measured along line of travel.
45 meters
In a building equipped with a complete automatic fire extinguishing system, the distance from exits may be increased to ______.
60 meters
Exit doors shall swing ____________ of exit travel when serving any hazardous areas or when serving an OL of 50 or more.
in the direction of
____________ shall not be used as exits serving tributary OL of more than 100; nor shall they be used as part of fire assembly; nor equipped with panic hardware
Double-acting doors
A double acting door shall be provided with a view panel of not less than ______.
1,300sq.cm.
Exit door shall be openable from ______ without any use of a key or any special knowledge or effort.
inside
Every required exit doorway shall be of a size as to permit the installation of a door not less than ______ in width and not less than ______ in height.
900mm
2 meters
Exit doors shall be capable of opening at least ______ and shall be so mounted that the clear width of the exitway is not less than ______.
90 degrees
700 mm
No leaf of an exit door shall exceed ______ in width.
1.2m
Special doors like ______, ______ and ______ doors shall not be used for required exits
revolving, sliding and overhead
The floor or landing shall be levelled with or not more than ______ lower than the threshold of the doorway. Except in Group __ and __ occupancies, a door may open on the top step of a flight of stairs or an exterior landing provided the door does not swing over the top step and the landing is not more than ______ below the floor level
50mm
A and B
200mm
Every corridor or exit balcony shall not be less than ______ in width
1.10m
Dead ends should not exceed ______ in length
6m
Stairways serving an OL of more than 50 shall not be less than ______.
1.10 m
Stairways serving an OL of 50 or less may be ______ wide.
900mm
Private stairways serving OL of less than 10 may be ______.
750mm
Rise of every step shall not exceed ______ and the run shall not be less than ______. The maximum variations in the height of risers and width of treads in any one flight shall be ______.
200mm
250mm
5mm
In Group __ occupancy and in private stairways in Group __ occupancies, winders may be used if the required width of run is provided at a point not more than ______ from the side of the stairway where the treads are narrower but in no case shall any width be less than ______ at any point
A
B
300mm
150mm
Circular stairways may be used as an exit provided the minimum width of run is not less than ______.
250mm
Every landing shall have a dimension measured in the direction of travel ______ to the width of the stairway, Such dimension shall not exceed ______ when the stairs has a straight run.
equal
1.2m
There shall not be more than ______ vertical distance between landings.
3.6m
Stairway required to be more than ______ in width shall be provided with not less than 1 intermediate handrail for each ______ of required width
3 meters
Handrails shall be placed not less than ______ nor more than ______ above nosing of treads.
800mm
900mm
Stairways having less than __ risers need not have handrails
4
Every required stairway shall have a headroom clearance of not less than ______.
2 meters
Exits shall be illuminated at any time the building is occupied with lights having an intensity of not less than ______ at floor level
10.7 lux
Every portion of every building in which are installed seats, tables, merchandise, equipment or similar materials shall be provided with ______ leading to an exit
aisles
Every aisle shall not be less than ______ if serving only one side and not less than ______ if serving both sides.
800mm
1 meter
Side aisles shall not be less than ______ in width.
1.10mts
In areas occupied by seats and in Groups H and I occupancies without seats, the line of travel to an exit door by an aisle shall be not more than ______.
45 meters
With standard spacing, aisles shall be so located that there will be not more than ______ between the wall and aisle and not more than ______ between aisles. The number of seats between aisles may be increased to ______ where exit doors are provided along each side aisle of the row of seats at the rate 1 pair of exit doors for every ______ rows of seat, provided further that the distance between seats back to back is at least ______. Such exit doors shall provide a minimum clear width of ______.
7 seats 14 seats 30 5 1 meter 1.7 m
Aisles shall terminate in a ______, ______ or ______.
cross aisle
foyer
exit
The slope portion of aisles shall not exceed a fall of ______.
1 in 8
With standard seating, the spacing of rows of seats from back to back shall be not less than ______.
840mm
With continental seating, the spacing of rows of unoccupied seats shall provide a clear width measured horizontally as follows:
______ clear for rows 18 seats or less
______ clear for rows 35 seats or less
______ clear for rows 45 seats or less
______ clear for rows 46 seats or more
450mm
500mm
525mm
550mm
All skylights, the glass of which is set at an angle of not less than ______ horizontal, if located above first story, shall be set at least ______ above roof.
45 degrees
100mm
