Processes

Question 1

What is osmosis

Answer 1

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules, from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration

Question 2

What are enzymes?

Answer 2

Enzymes break down large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the blood stream in the villi

Question 3

What is carbohydrase

Answer 3

An enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates.

Question 4

What is amylase

Answer 4

A type of carbohydrase that breaks down starch to form sugar

Question 5

What is an enzyme

Answer 5

Enzymes are protein molecules that control the rate of reactions in your body and cells. They act as biological catalysts which speeds up rate of reaction.

Question 6

What are the three enzymes?

Answer 6

Protease
Carbohydrase
Lipase

Question 7

What is carbohydrase produced by

Answer 7

Salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine. (They work in the mouth and small intestine)

Question 8

What is the functions of protease

Answer 8

Breaks down protease to form amino acids

Produced by stomach, pancreas and small intestine which work in stomach and small intestine

Question 9

What is the function of lipase

Answer 9

Made up of lipids (fats and oils) into fatty acids and glycerol. Produced by small intestine and pancreas.

Question 10

What is anaerobic respiration

Answer 10

Respiration that occurs without oxygen

Question 11

Where does anaerobic respiration take place

Answer 11

In the cytoplasm of the cell

Glucose + lactic acid (+energy)

Question 12

What is oxygen debt

Answer 12

When the body owes oxygen that’s lost. O2 breaks down the lactic acid that’s built up. Lactic acid can be harmful to the body but lots of energy is in this acid that we need

Question 13

What’s the equation for oxygen debt

Answer 13

Lactic acid + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water

Question 14

How does breathing happen?

Answer 14

The diaphragm contracts, moving down.

Question 15

What are the four main components blood has?

Answer 15

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Plasma
Platelets

Question 16

What are the adaptions of red blood cells?

Answer 16

Transports oxygen around the body with pigment haemoglobin

• don’t have nucleus for more oxygen
• biconcave shape increases rate of diffusion of oxygen

Question 17

Why is it a problem if someone does not have platelets?

Answer 17

The platelets will clot, as a result they will continue to bleed out and it increases your chances of infection

Question 18

What is atherosclerosis?

Answer 18

Where plaque builds up in the coronary arteries

Question 19

What can atherosclerosis do

Answer 19

Restricts blood flow and narrows the artery due to atheroma.

Question 20

What are the risk factors of cardiovascular disease?

Answer 20

Bad diet.

• genetics
• smoking
• diabetes
• obesity
• nutrition
• nutrition
• high blood pressure
• ethnic background

Question 21

What are enzymes made from

Answer 21

Proteins

Question 22

What are the molecules called that fit into enzymes

Answer 22

Substrate

Question 23

What is the name of the area that these molecules fit

Answer 23

Active sit

Question 24

What is the name of the model to show how enzymes work

Answer 24

Lock and key

Question 25

What two factors can denature enzymes

Answer 25

Temperature and ph

Question 26

Where does absorption take place

Answer 26

The small intestine

Question 27

Why does lactose need to be broken down

Answer 27

Because they can’t be absorbed into the small intestine so the small intestine produces an enzyme called lactase