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Maternity & Newborn > Process Of Labor > Flashcards

Process Of Labor Flashcards

0
Q

Collagen fibers in cervix is broken down by enzyme collage base and elastase.

Increase in water content of cervix

A

Stretching and effacement

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1
Q

Stimulate uterine contraction - to permit softening, stretching, and thinning of cervix.

A

Estrogen

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2
Q

Produced by placenta to relax uterine smooth muscle, resulting in no uterine contraction.

A

Progesterone

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3
Q

Induction of labor after vaginal application

A

Prostaglandin

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4
Q

To stop preterm labor

A

Prostaglandin inhibitors

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5
Q

Stimulates synthesis of prostaglandin

A

Corticosteroid

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6
Q

Fetus begin to settle into pelvic inlet

A

Lightening

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7
Q

Irregular intermittent contraction occurring throughout pregnant like menstrual cramps.

A

Braxton hick contractions

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8
Q

Rigid, firm cervix softens or ripens

A

Cervical changes

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9
Q

Impending labor in 24-48hrs

Mucus plug is expelled due to softening and effacement resulting in pink tinged secretions

A

Bloody show

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10
Q

After rupture, must go into labor within 24hr, otherwise labor is induced

A

Rupture of membranes ROM

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11
Q

Progressive dilatation and effacement of cervix
Contractions regular and increases in frequency
Pain starts from back radiates to abdomen
Walking intensifies pain

A

True labor

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12
Q

No change
Contractions irregular
Discomfort in abdomen
Giving rest and warm bath lessen contractions

A

False labor

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13
Q

The longest stage, between the onset of labor till the point of cervical dilation and effacement

A

First stage of labor

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14
Q

Expulsion of fetus stage

A

Second stage of labor

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15
Q

Delivery of placenta stage

A

Third stage of labor

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16
Q

1st four hours after delivery. (Post delivery of placenta)

A

Fourth stage of labor

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17
Q

The 5Ps of labor?

A 
Passage
Passenger
Position
Powers
Psychologic response
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18
Q

Size of maternal pelvis
Type of pelvis
Ability of the cervix to dilate and efface
Ability of vaginal canal and external opening of the vagina (introitus) to distend

A

Passageway

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19
Q

Major pelvis

A

False pelvis

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20
Q

Minor pelvis

A

True pelvis

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21
Q

Middle of the sacral promontory to sub pubic angle

A

Diagonal conjugate 12.5cm

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22
Q

Middle of sacral promontory to middle of pubic crest

A

Conjugate Vera or true conjugate 1cm

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23
Q

Middle of sacral promontory to 1cm below pubic crest

A

Obstetric conjugate 1.5/2cm

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24
Q

Transverse diameter size?

A

13.5cm

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25
Q

Oblique diameter size?

A

12.75cm

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26
Q

Pelvis diameters favorable to vaginal delivery, inlet rounded

A

Gynecoid

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27
Q

Male pelvis, heart shaped inlet

A

Android

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28
Q

Inlet is oval shaped

A

Anthropoid

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29
Q

Flat pelvis with inlet transverse oval

A

Platypelloid

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30
Q

As labor progresses, this portion thickens and shortens.

A

Upper portion

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31
Q

As labor progresses this portion expands and thins out

A

Lower portion

32
Q

Is the taking up of the internal os and cervical Cana into the uterine side wall.

A

Effacement

33
Q

Uterine muscle remains short and thick, and does not return to original length is called..

A

Brachystasis

34
Q

Cervical dilatation measurement?

A

1-10cm

35
Q

3 major parts of passenger?

A

Face, base of skull (cranium) and vault (roof)

36
Q

The vault has movable bones that overlap under pressure, and is called..

A

Molding

37
Q

Are membranous spaces between cranial bones (frontal, sagittal, coronal, lambdoidal sutures

A

Sutures

38
Q

The intersection of cranial structure or soft spot of the baby’s head is called..

A

Fontanelles

39
Q

Anterior fontanelles/ Bregma close within?

A

18months

40
Q

Posterior fontanelles close by..

A

8-12weeks

41
Q

Mentum

A

Fetal chin

42
Q

Sinciput

A

Anterior area, brow

43
Q

Vertex

A

Area between anterior and posterior fontanelles

44
Q

Occipitobregmatic

A

Behind posterior fontanelles, occipital bone

45
Q

Relationship of fetal parts to one another, general flexion

A

Fetal attitude

46
Q

Relationship of the spinal column of fetus to the spinal column axis of the mother

A

Fetal lie

47
Q

Determined by the fetal lie and by the body part that enters the pelvic passage first.

A

Fetal presentation

48
Q

Portion that is felt through the cervix on the vaginal examination is called..

A

The presenting part

49
Q

Common, labor and birth proceed normally

A

Cephalocaudal

50
Q

Difficult labor called malpresentation

A

Breech or shoulder

51
Q

Complete flexion of the head,

A

Vertex presentation

52
Q

No flexion, all extended

A

Military presentation

53
Q

Fetal head in partial extension

A

Brow presentation

54
Q

Fetal head in complete extension

A

Face presentation

55
Q

Prolapse of the limb of the fetus alongside the head in cephalic presentation or breech presentation

A

Compound presentation

56
Q

Fetal knee and hip are both flexed, thigh are on abd, calves are on posterior aspect of thighs, buttocks and feet of the fetus present in maternal pelvis

A

Complete breech

57
Q

Fetal hips are flexed and knee are extended lying against the face, buttocks of fetus in maternal pelvis

A

Frank breech

58
Q

Fetal legs and hips are extended, feet in maternal pelvis

A

Footling breech

59
Q

Fetal shoulder is presenting part, fetus in transverse lie

A

Shoulder presentation

60
Q

Presentation of the umbilical cord

A

Funis presentation

61
Q

Placenta Previn

A

Placenta presentation

62
Q

Refers to the relationship of the presenting part to an imaginary line drawn at the ischial spines of the maternal pelvis

A

Station

63
Q

If presenting part is higher than the ischial spines the statin has a..

A

Negative number

64
Q

Presenting part has passed the ischial spines

A

Positive numbers

65
Q

Is uterine muscle contraction

A

Primary force

66
Q

Use of abdominal muscles to push during 2nd stage of labor

A

Secondary force

67
Q

Rhythmic tightening and shortening of uterine muscles during labor

A

Contraction

68
Q

Building up of contractions

A

Increment

69
Q

Peak of contraction

A

Acme

70
Q

Letting up of contraction

A

Decrement

71
Q

Between contraction is relaxation period

A

Resting period

72
Q

Time between beginning of one contraction to beginning of the next

A

Frequency

73
Q

Beginning of completion of single contraction 30-40secs

A

Duration

74
Q

Strength of the contractions

A

Intensity

75
Q

Contraction characteristics are measured by

A

Intrauterine catheter

76
Q

After cervical dilatation maternal abdominal muscle contract as the women pushes. This pushing is to aid expulsion of the fetus and placenta

A

Bearing down

77
Q

Presenting part is freely moveable above inlet

A

Floating / ballotable

78
Q

Presenting part begins to descend into inlet, before engagement has truly occured is called..

A

Dipping into pelvis

Maternity & Newborn (10 decks)

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