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Maternity & Newborn > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

0
Q

The pelvis is formed by which 3 bones?

A

2 hip bones

One sacrum

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1
Q

A basin shaped ring of bone.

A

Pelvis

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2
Q

Formed by fusion of 5 sacral vertebrae

A

Sacrum

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3
Q

The sacrum joins the 2 hip bones by what joints?

A

Synovial joints/sacroiliac joints

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4
Q

Sacrum has 2 surfaces, anterior and posterior.

True
Or
False

A

True

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5
Q

Formed by fusion of 3 bones

A

Hip bone

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6
Q

What are the bones to fuse a hip bone?

A

Iliac
Pubic
Ischial

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7
Q

What are the two surfaces called for a hip bone?

A

Lateral and medial

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8
Q

A line or ridge that extends from:

  • sacral promontory posteriorly
  • around the lateral margin of the superior pelvic aperture
  • top of the symphysis pubis anteriorly
A

Pelvic brim

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9
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pelvic brim?

A
  1. The promontory and anterior border of the ala of the sacrum
  2. Arcuate line of the ilium
  3. Pecten and crest of the pubis
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10
Q

The pelvis is divided into?

A

Major pelvis / false pelvis

Minor pelvis / true pelvis

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11
Q

Is the opening surrounded by the pelvic brim

A

Pelvic inlet

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12
Q

A pelvic inlet is also called?

A

Superior pelvic aperture

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13
Q

Is also called as the inferior pelvic aperture?

A

Pelvic outlet

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14
Q

What are the functions of a pelvis?

A
  1. Transmission of the weight from the axial skeleton to the lower limbs when standing and to the ischial tuberosities when sitting
  2. Provides attachments for the muscles that control lower limb
  3. Houses the terminal parts of the GIT and urinary tract and reproductive system.
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15
Q

A fribromuscular sheet that forms the pelvic floor?

A

Pelvic diaphragm

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16
Q

Extends from the pubic symphysis anteriorly to the ischial spine and coccyx posteriorly

A

Pelvic diaphragm

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17
Q

This closes the pelvic outlet

A

Pelvic diaphragm

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18
Q

Formed by then levator ani and coccygeus muscles and the fascia covering them

A

Pelvic diaphragm

19
Q

What are the functions of the pelvic diaphragm?

A
  1. Supports the GUT anteriorly and the rectum and anus posteriorly
  2. Flexes the anorectal canal during defecation and helps the voluntary control of micturition
  3. Helps to direct the head of the fetus toward the birth canal at labour
20
Q

Role of the male reproductive system?

A
  1. Produce male gametes (sperms)
  2. Deliver the gametes to the female reproductive system
  3. Secret sex hormones
21
Q

Role of the female reproductive system?

A
  1. Produces female gametes (ova)
  2. Provide environment for fertilization, and protection of the developing embryo
  3. Secret sex hormones
22
Q

What are the vital roles for sex hormones?

A
  1. Development of the reproductive organs
  2. Function of the reproductive organs
  3. Sexual behavior and derives
  4. Growth and development of other organs and tissues of the body
23
Q

Ovaries are responsible for?

A

Production of gametes

Secretion of sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone)

24
Q

Ovaries consist of?

A

Cortex

Medulla

25
Q

It connect the uterine cavity ti the peritoneal cavity

A

Uterine tubes

26
Q

Each fallopian tubes consists of ?

A

Isthmus
Ampulla
Infundibulum

27
Q

A hallow organ of gestation

Lies between the rectum and the urinary bladder

A

Uterus

28
Q

What is the normal position of the uterus?

A

Anteverted antiflexed position

29
Q

The uterus consists of?

A

Fundus
Body
Isthmus
Cervix

30
Q

Thin walled tube 8-10cm long
Extends from the cervix to the vestibule
Partly closed by the hymen

A

Vagina

31
Q

The vagina serves as ?

A

The excretory channel for the products of menstruation
And
The lower part of the birth canal

32
Q

Female external genitalia consists of?

A 
Mons pubis
Labia majors
Labia minora
Vestibule of the vagine
Clitoris
33
Q

A fatty rounded area
Overlies the pubic symphysis
Covered by hair after puberty

A

Mons pubis

34
Q

2 longitudinal folds of hair covered by fatty skin
Extends downward and backward from mons pubis
Female counterparts of the male scrotum

A

Labia majors

35
Q

2 hairless folds of non fatty skin
Upper parts fuse to form the prepuce of the clitoris
Lower parts fuse to form the frenulum of the clitoris

A

Labia minora

36
Q

The cleft or space between the two folds of the labia minora

Openings to the urethra and greater vestibular glands

A

Vestibule of the vagina

37
Q

Homologous to the penis in the male

Has erectile tissue and enlarges when regorged with blood

A

Clitoris

38
Q

Clitoris consists of?

A

2 crura
2 corpora cavernosa
A glans

39
Q

Produced by the corpus luteum
Acts with estrogen to establish mens
Helps maintain pregnancy
Prepares for milk production

A

Progesterone

40
Q

The source of progesterone during pregnancy?

A

Placenta

41
Q

Menstrual cycle divided into 3 phases

A

Menstrual phase
Proliferative phase
Secretory phase

42
Q

Detachment if the superficial functional layer of the thick endometrium from the uterine wall

A

Menstrual phase

43
Q

Regeneration of functional layer
Formation of glands
Increase blood supply

A

Proliferative phase

44
Q

Phase that increase endometrium blood supply
Increase endometrium glands size
Secretion if nutrients into the uterine cavity

A

Secretory phase

Maternity & Newborn (10 decks)

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