PRM in some nonspecific pulmonary diseases (bronchitis and pneumonia)

Question 1

chronic Bronchitis definition

Answer 1

daily cough with sputum for at least three months of the year, for at least two consecutive years.
associated with hypertrophy of the mucus-producing glands found in the mucosa of large cartilaginous airways

Question 2

acute bronchitis definition

Answer 2

cough and, occasionally, sputum production that last for no more than 3 weeks.

Question 3

physiotherapeutic aims of rx bronchitis (6)

Answer 3

To improve exercise tolerance and ensure a long-term commitment to exercise
To give advice about self-management in activities of daily living
To increase knowledge of the patient’s lung condition and symptom control
To relieve any bronchospasm, facilitate the removal of secretions and optimise gaseous exchange
To improve the pattern of breathing, breathing control and the control of dyspnoea
To teach local relaxation, improve posture and help allay fear and anxiety

Question 4

rx of acute bronchitis

3

Answer 4

ANTIBIOTICS AND MUCOLYTCS and active cycle of breathing technique to assist clearance of secretions.

Question 5

how many stages of rx in bronchitis

Answer 5

early and acute

Question 6

rx in early bronchtis (local) (5)8l

Answer 6

aerotherapy
kinsiotherapy(breathing excercises and massage)
humidification w/ nebuliser(contains saline)
patient education

Question 7

non spesific rx of bronchitis (3)

Answer 7

UV radiation

ultrahigh freq and low freq magnetic field

electrophoresis w/calcium ions

Question 8

function of kinesioterapy breating excercises

Answer 8

train the inspiratory muscles

Question 9

why do inspiratory muscles need training

Answer 9

increased mech load in CB
can reduce their strength and cause fatigue
fatigued insppiratory muscles causes general muscle fatigue so this prevents that process

Question 10

other effect of kinesiotherapy breathing excercises

Answer 10

clear bronchial secretions (thoracic expansion exercise, and manual techniques e.g. chest clapping, shaking and vibrations)

Question 11

what method is used in thick and persistent secretions

Answer 11

humidification with a nebulizer

Question 12

how does patient education improve breathing pattern in CB

Answer 12

how to relax the shoulder girdle in a supported posturally correct position, and control of breathing

Question 13

what is the beneficial effect of the endogenous heat produced by ultra high’low freq mg field

Answer 13

has anti-inflammatory effect and reduces oedema around the bronchi.

Question 14

which method stabilises the membrane, reduce oedema and stimulate degranulation.

Answer 14

Electrophoresis with Ca2+

Question 15

treatment methods of CB in late stages

Answer 15

Breathing control

Relaxation positions

Inhalation with a nebuliser

Non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV)

Suction via an airway or nasal suction

Question 16

when is NIPPV used

Answer 16

in general wards to manage patients with respiratory failure. It may be used with oxygen therapy.

Question 17

what method is used as a last resort if patient is unable to cough in CB

Answer 17

Suction via an airway or nasal suction

Question 18

Define pneumonia

Answer 18

acute inflammation of the lung tissue – the alveoli and adjacent airways

Question 19

aims of rxing pneumonia in PRM

3

Answer 19

To reduce bronchospasm (if present) and to clear lung fields of secretions

To gain full re-expansion of the lungs

To regain exercise tolerance and fitness

Question 20

sputum clearing methods used in PRM management of pneumonia

Answer 20

humidification, nebuliser, NIPPV, postural drainage position, shaking, clapping and breathing exercises.

Question 21

pupose of reposition in pneumonia

Answer 21

increase ventilation to the affected area

Question 22

how do you increase the excercise tolerance in pneumonia

Answer 22

Mobilisation and walking