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physiotherapy > mineral water classification. physiological effects, uses. > Flashcards

mineral water classification. physiological effects, uses. Flashcards

1
Q

what is balneotherapy

A

the treatment of disease by bathing

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2
Q

how is balneotherapy different from HYDROTHERAPY

A

hydrotherapy is excercising in water whereas balneotherapy is without excercise

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3
Q

how is mineral water made

A

deep in the Earth under conditions of high temperature, high pressure and lack of atmospheric oxygen.

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4
Q

how is mineral water classified

A

according to KARAKOLEV

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5
Q

karakolev types of mineral water

A

Type I: Gas water (effervescent or ‘sparkling’)

Type II: Mineral water (with total mineralisation > 2g/L)

Type III: Waters with biologically active microelements

Type IV: Low-mineralised thermal waters (akratothermal)

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6
Q

Type I: Gas water (effervescent or ‘sparkling’)

includes (3)

A

Carbonic water (CO2 > 400mg/L)

Sulphide water (10mg/L)

Radon water (180Bq)

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7
Q

what are the effects of Carbonic water (CO2 > 400mg/L)

when externally apllied

A

Hyperaemia
Vasodilation in the peripheral blood vessels
Decreased peripheral resistance
Lower blood pressure

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8
Q

what are the effects of Carbonic water (CO2 > 400mg/L)

when internally applied

A

Increases gastric acidity and motility

Increases diuresis

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9
Q

what are the effects of Carbonic water (CO2 > 400mg/L)

when inhaled

A

acts as a sedative

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10
Q

indications of Carbonic water (CO2 > 400mg/L)

A

Cardiovascular disease
Gastritis
Peptic ulcer with decreased gastric acidity
Urological disorders

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11
Q

where can Carbonic water (CO2 > 400mg/L) be found

A

Mihalkovo springs

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12
Q

Sulphide water (10mg/L) is best absorbed where in the body

A

skin and mucous membranes, because of the constructive element in hyaluronic acid which exists in the walls of the vessels, in connective tissue and in cartilage

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13
Q

effects of externally aplied Sulphide water (10mg/L)

A

Hyperaemia
Decrease in bp
Beneficial effect on skin diseases

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14
Q

effects of internally aplied Sulphide water (10mg/L)

A

Suppress gastric secretion and motility

Detoxification effect

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15
Q

effects of INHALED Sulphide water (10mg/L)

A

Facilitates expectoration

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16
Q

INDICATIONS of Sulphide water (10mg/L)

A 
Musculoskeletal disease
Gynaecological disease
Skin disease (dermatitis, psoriasis)
Chronic intoxication with heavy metals
Respiratory diseases
17
Q

where can Sulphide water (10mg/L) be found

A

in Kyustendil and Separeva banya

18
Q 
Radon water (180Bq)
effects
A

Effect is due to radioactivity
Stimulates cell function
Enhances cell growth and division
Stimulates metabolism

19
Q

Radon water (180Bq) INDICATIONS

A 
Musculoskeletal disease
Neurological disease
Gynaecological disease (hypofunction of the gonads)
Metabolic disease
Skin disease
Respiratory
20
Q

where can Radon water (180Bq) be found

A

Narechen, Momin prohod and Velingrad

21
Q

Type II: Mineral water (with total mineralisation > 2g/L) includes (5)

A 
Sulphate
Chloride
Sodium
Magnesium
Calcium
22
Q

Sulphate, has what kind of effect

A

Choleretic effect = stimulates bile secretion

23
Q

effect of sulphate when internally applied

A

increases peristalsis
- sulphate anion extractd water from intestinal tract

activates oxidative processes

reduces blood uric acid

stim bile secretion

24
Q

sulphate indication

3

A

GI disorders
Liver and biliary disorders (cholecystitis, dyskinesia)
Metabolic disorders (diabetes, gout, obesity)

25
Q

where can sulphate water be found

A

fields of Ovcha kupel Merichleri

26
Q

Chloride water

Internal application

A

Increases gastric secretion and acidity

Choleretic effect

27
Q

effect of inhaled chloride water

A

Liquefies mucus

Facilitates expectoration

28
Q

indications of chloride water (6)

A 
Musculoskeletal disorders
Respiratory disorders
GI and liver disorders
Biliary tract disorders
Chronic gynaecological disorders
Metabolic disorders
29
Q

whrere can chloride water be found

A

the fields of Mirovo, Varna, Slanotran, Vidin, Staro Oryahovo

30
Q

Type III: Waters with biologically active microelements includes
(6)

A 
Iodine
Bromine
Arsenic
Fluorine
Iron
Silicon
31
Q

Bicarbonate

A

(not sure which category this comes under. Contains bicarbonate ions)

32
Q

Bicarbonate effect

A

Alkalising effect (changes pH to alkaline)

33
Q

main method of application of bicarbonate and effects (4)

A

Internal

Reduces acidity of gastric juice

Changes pH of urine to alkaline

Anti-inflammatory effect on mucosa of urinary tract

Regulate acidosis in diabetes, improves the exchange of purines

34
Q

effect of inhaling bicarbonate water

A

Dilution of secretions to assist disposal

35
Q

indications of bicarbonate water

A

GI disorders
Biliary and liver problems
Metabolic disorders
Renal and urological disorders

36
Q

where can bicarbonate water befound

A

Gorna Banya fields

physiotherapy (17 decks)

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