Principles/Tenets of OPP (Jons-Cox/Ludwig) Flashcards
**read the pages on definition of osteopathy
do it
Tenets of Osteopathy
1 body is a unit (body, mind, and spirit)
2 body capable of self-regulation
3 structure and function are reciprocally integrated
4 appropriate treatment is dependent on the above
somatic dysfunction
impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic system (body framework)
skeletal, arthrodial, myofascial structures and related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements
"somatic" = body "dysfunction" = impaired function
TART Concept?
T - tissue texture abnormalities
A - asymmetry
R - restriction of motion
T - tenderness
acute somatic dysfunction?
warmth, tenderness/pain, edema, subQ tension (superficial)
swelling, hypertonicity (deep)
chronic somatic dysfunction?
cool, minimal tenderness/pain, fibrotic changes, diminished tone
-superficial changes
notably decreased motion, fibrotic changes, contractures
-deep changes
when is asymmetry assessed?
when patient is standing, from a distance
always a static, positional finding
when do you assess restriction of motion?
during motion testing
joint does not move freely
when do you assess tenderness?
during palpation
active motion
motion without assistance
passive motion
doctor moves patient without patient assistance
moving muscles while they are relaxed
physiologic barrier
limit of active motion
the most you can turn your head to the left
anatomic barrier
limit of movement dictated by anatomical structures
beyond the anatomic barrier muscles and ligaments tear and bones break
restrictive barrier
impediment to the physiologic barrier that reduces active motion
-or causes loss of motion
**somatic dysfunction causes restrictive barriers
where is the passive range of motion?
somewhere between the physiological and anatomic barrier
spinal facilitation
somatic dysfunction manifests in the spinal cord
pool of neurons maintained in a state of partial/sub-threshold excitation
-less stimulation necessary to trigger pain
facilitation results from sustained neural irritation and becomes normal CNS activity
two main theories of somatic dysfunction?
proproiceptive and nociceptive
proprioceptive
where your body is in space
involves the muscle spindles (inside muscle belly) and golgi tendon organs (outside muscle belly)
nociceptive
your pain sense
proprioceptive theory
1 trauma/abnormal movement
2 CNS resets the neural activity, which maintains the dysfunction
3 results in shorter resting muscle length and increased muscle tone (somatic dysfunction)
brain thinks the muscle is the normal length even though it is shortened, and when stretced beyond then it causes pain
nociceptive theory
nociception - ability to feel pain (caused by stimulating nociceptor)
abnormal joint movements cause nociceptors stimulation (trying to compensate for pain)
-results in pain
pain is usually generated by the adapting part of the body
where there is TART…
there is somatic dysfunction
coronal
anterior and posterior
sagittal
left and right
transverse
upper and lower portions of body
true or false
tenderness is always present during somatic dysfunction
False
symptom vs signs
symptoms pt tells you
signs are something you find during physical exam
what happens to physiological barrier and passive range of motion when you have restrictive barrier
they both become shortened and off center and now have a new active range of motion as well as passive rom
new neutral*** established equal range of motion on both sides
muscle spindle
proprioceptive receptor located in middle of muscle belly
can sense and control length, motion and position from within the muscle belly in relation to relative muscle length
golgi tendon organ
proprioceptive receptor located outside muscle belly
fires during muscle contraction and supplies info about stretch and tension
Somatic dysfunction is…
your osteopathic diagnosis
TART is how you find…
somatic dysfunction
