Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

KB - Principles Anatomy > Principles - Respiratory System > Flashcards

Principles - Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What route does air take in normal breathing?

A
  1. right/left nasal cavities or the oral cavity
  2. pharynx
  3. larynx
  4. trachea (becomes LRT)
  5. right and left main bronchus
  6. lobar bronchi
  7. segmental bronchi
  8. bronchioles
  9. alveoli
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does the larynx become the trachea?

A

At the level of C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

a flap of cartilage behind the root of the tongue, which is depressed during swallowing to cover the opening of the windpipe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happens at the carina?

A

The bronchi separate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many bronchopulmonary segments are there?

A

10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the respiratory tree describe?

A

The anatomy of the LRT airways from trachea to alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a lung lobe?

A

The area of lung that each of the lobar bronchi supply with air
Each lung lobe has its own air supply (lobar bronchi), blood supply, nerve supply and lymphatic drainage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many lobar bronchi are there?

A

5 - one for each lung lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a bronchopulmonary segment?

A

The area of lung lobe that each one of the segmental bronchi supply with air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are tissues?

A

Deep crevices that separate the lung lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the lobes in the right lung?

A

There are 3

Upper, middle and lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the lobes in the left lung?

A

There are 2

Upper and lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is the horizontal fissure?

A

separates right middle lobe from right upper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What supports the walls of the trachea and bronchi?

A

hyaline cartilage
This assists with maintaining the patency of the airways - holds them open
The amount of cartilage gradually reaches distally in the respiratory tree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most prominent feature of the walls of the bronchioles?

A

Smooth muscle

It becomes progressively more prominent distally - bronchioles can therefore constrict or dilate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or False.

Alveoli contain smooth muscle in their walls

A

False.

Alveoli must have neither cartilage or smooth muscle in their walls - this would impact on diffusion

17
Q

What is a wheeze?

A

This is the sound made as air passes through constricted air wards

18
Q

How are the nasal cavities separated from one another?

A

Nasal septum
bony (posterior) part: ethmoid bone superiorly, the vomer inferiorly
cartilaginous (anterior) part: septal cartilage - hyaline

19
Q

What does the skeleton of the larynx consist of?

A 
Several cartilages:
The epiglottis 
The thyroid cartilage 
The cricoid cartilage 
The 2 arytenoid cartilages (posteriorly)
20
Q

What are the functions of the larynx?

A
  1. Cartilages help maintain URT patency
  2. helps to prevent entry of foreign bodies into LRt
  3. produces sound - vocal cord
21
Q

What is the rima glottidis?

A

The narrowest part of the larynx

22
Q

What do the superior, middle and inferior conchae do?

A

Greatly increase SA of the lateral walls of the nasal cavities
Produce turbulent flow bringing air in contact with the walls

23
Q

How is air we breathe in warmed?

A

Respiratory mucosa lining nasal cavities has very good arterial blood supply

24
Q

How is moisture provided in the nasal cavities?

A

Resp. mucosa produces mucous
This also traps potential infected particles
Cilia waft mucous to the pharynx to be swallowed

25
Q

What do the tonsils do? Where are they located?

A

Part of the lymphatic system - produce white blood cells in the defence against infection
Located within the mucosa lining the pharynx

26
Q

What are some features of a rib?

A

head and tubercle- attach to vertebrae
neck
body/shaft
costal groove - inferiorly on deep surface

27
Q

What is the manubrium?

A

The superior most part of the sternum

28
Q

Where is the sternal angle?

A

At level of rib 2

Articulation between manubrium and rest of sternum

29
Q

What is the xiphoid process?

A

Inferior most part of the sternum

Landmark in CPR

30
Q

What is the pleural cavity?

A

The space between the parietal and visceral layers of pleura

31
Q

What is the parietal pleura?

A

Internal lining of the chest wall

32
Q

What is the visceral pleura?

A

delicate serous membrane that covers the surface of each lung

KB - Principles Anatomy (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions