Principles Of Nutrition Flashcards
give the 4 roles of nurses in nutrition
✅Screening in-patient to determine the level of risk.
✅Liaison between the dietitian and physician as well with other members of health care team.
✅Nutrition resource when dietitians are not available.
✅Basic nutrition counseling in hospitalized clients low to mid risk.
give 4 roles of dietitian
Obtaining history and usual diet prior admission. o ➜Difficulty chewing, swallowing or
self-feeding; chief complaint; medications, and living situations.
✅ Nutrition history –– current habits, changes in appetite, food allergies and intolerance, cultural or religious diet. Calculate protein and protein requirements based on data.
✅Nutrition interventions –– diet order change, requesting laboratory test, performing nutrition counseling or education.
✅Determine nutritional diagnosis
describe malnutrition
Deficiencies, excess or imbalances in intake of energy and/or nutrients.
causes of malnutrition
Causes:
❌Lack of safe drinking water and access to safe drinking water
❌Poor sanitation
❌Dangerous practices
3 kinds of malnutrion
Underweight
Micronutrient related malnutrition
overnutrition
3 kinds of underweight
wasting
stunted
underweight
height is appropriate but have low weight.
wasting
height is small for age
Stunted
low weight for age
underweight
- anemia
Hypovitaminosis and hypervitaminosis
Micronutrient related malnutrition
what causes rickets? why is this vitamin essential?
vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin D –– essential for body to absorb calcium and phosphorus.
if rickets is left untreated?
causes spine malformation.
what happens when you have vitamin c insufficiency?
Scurvy
uses and dosage recommendation for ascorbic acid
helps immune system and collagen (connective tissue of the skin) for tightening;
10 mm/day.
manifestation of scurvy
gingivitis,severe anemia, body malaise,
goiter –– can be either related to iodine deficiency or hyperthyroidism.
At risk: diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, cancer, stroke
Overnutrition
Diet related; non-communicable
Overweight or obese
3.Overnutrition
B.NUTRITIONAL SCREENING
o Significant weight loss o Diagnosis o Change in appetite o Difficulty eating o Bowel habits o Use of enteral or parenteral nutrition (thru tubes) o Height o Diet o Nausea / Vomiting o Weight o Albumin, Hematocrit
accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity. and its Therapeutic management
ascites and draining
constant nausea of pregnant women, which lead to dehydration.
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Appropriate weight gain of pregnant women: and if more than that what occurs?
25 – 35 lbs. gestational diabetes
1st trimester weight gain should be?
1 lbs/month
for fetal development
2nd to 3rd trimester weight gain should be?
4 lbs/month.
produced by the liver; carries hormones and enzymes necessary for metabolic processes; keeps the fluid in the blood stream to prevent from leaking; modulates oncotic plasma pressure (pressure inside the cell); protein binder
Albumin
