MIDTERMS_Water Soluble Vitamins Flashcards
1
Q
Non B Complex Water Soluble Vitamin
A
Ascorbic Acid or Vitamin C
2
Q
5 energy releasing b-complex water soluble vitamins
A
Thiamine Riboflavin Niacin Biotin Panthotenic Acid
3
Q
Vitamin B1
A
Thiamine
4
Q
Vitamin B2
A
Riboflavin
5
Q
Vitamin B3
A
Niacin
6
Q
Vitamin B9
A
Folic Acid
7
Q
Vitamin B6
A
Pyridoxine
8
Q
give four vitamins out of the nine water-soluble can cause toxicity
A
- Niacin (B3) 2. Pyridoxine B6 3. Folate (B9)
4. vitamin C
9
Q
how can you aquire toxicity for B6
A
diet
10
Q
how can you aquire toxicity for 1. Niacin (B3) 2. vitamin c 3. Folate (B9)
A
supplements
11
Q
RDA of VITAMIN B1:THIAMINE for men
A
1.2mg/day
12
Q
RDA of VITAMIN B1:THIAMINE for women
A
1.1mg/day
13
Q
Functions: VITAMIN B1:THIAMINE
A
cofactor of alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (TCA
14
Q
what happens to the thiamine if the patient is alcoholic/chronic alcoholic users
A
Contents of alcohol decreases thiamine and glucose level in the body
15
Q
what is the nursing intervention if patient is alcoholic? Thiamine
A
The nurse should prioritize thiamine intake
16
Q
why should The nurse should prioritize thiamine intake for alcoholic patient
A
glucose, it will undergo glycolysis, having a by-product known as pyruvate which is only useful for TCA.
Pyruvate will only build up casing lactic acidosis which damages the liver and kidneys.
17
Q
common causes of Thiamine deficiency
A
alcoholism, ingestion of white rice
18
Q
3 Deficiency Diseases of thiamine
A
wet beri- beri
dry beri- beri
Wernicke-Korsakoff’s Syndrome
19
Q
s & s wet beri- beri
A
edema
20
Q
s & s dry beri- beri
A
muscle wasting
21
Q
Whole-grain
A
Thiamine Food Source
22
Q
enriched breads
A
Thiamine Food Source
23
Q
cereals
A
Thiamine Food Source
24
Q
liver
A
Thiamine Food Source
25
nuts
Thiamine Food Source
26
wheat germ
Thiamine Food Source
27
pork
Thiamine Food Source
28
dried peas and beans
Thiamine Food Source
29
Thiamine Food Source
```
o Whole-grain
o enriched breads
o cereals
o liver
o nuts
o wheat germ
o pork
o dried peas and beans
```
30
WERNICKE'S:
reversible
31
wernicke's can cause ataxia meaning
: muscle weakness to paralysis
32
KORSAKOFF'S
irreversible
33
KORSAKOFF'S can cause Confabulation meaning
altered reality
34
VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN • RDA: Men
Men: 16mg/day;
35
VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN • RDA: women
Women: 14mg/day
36
function of VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN
precursor of 2 coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FMD)
37
VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources
```
o Milk and dairy
o whole-grain and enriched breads and cereals;
o liver
o eggs
o meat
o spinach
```
38
o Milk and dairy
VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources
39
o whole-grain and enriched breads and cereals;
VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources
40
o liver
VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources
41
o eggs
VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources
42
o meat
VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources
43
o spinach
VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN food sources
44
3 Deficiency Disease VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN
(+) Days if poor intake
Risks: Pedia and elderly
Ariboflavinosis
45
what vitamin is decificient in Ariboflavinosis?
Deficiency Disease VITAMIN B2: RIBOFLAVIN
46
oral symptoms of Ariboflavinosis?
- angular stomatitis
- cheliosis
- glostitis
47
facial symptoms of Ariboflavinosis?
- dermatitis of nasolabial region
48
ocular symptoms of Ariboflavinosis?
-vascularization of cornea
49
Vitamin B3: Niacin • RDA: Men:
Men: 16 mg/day
50
Vitamin B3: Niacin RDA: women:
Women: 14 mg/day
51
give 2 fucntions of Vitamin B3: Niacin
1. formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) coenzymes
ENERGY metabolism AND DNA Production
o Promotes normal nervous system functioning
52
Vitamin B3: Niacin deficieny
Pellagra 4D’s *Dermatitis, (and glossitis) Diarrhea, Dementia, Death
53
how can you acquire toxicity in Vitamin B3: Niacin
over supplementation
54
S&S of toxicity in Vitamin B3: Niacin
Facial flushing, liver damage, gastric ulcer, low BP, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
55
Food Source of Vitamin B3: Niacin
o All protein food
o Whole-grain and enriched bread
o fortified ready-to-eat cereals
56
vitamin B5
Panthotenic Acid
57
Vitamin B5: Panthotenic Acid • RDA: Adult:
Adult: 5mg/day
58
give 2 functions of Vitamin B5: Panthotenic Acid
1. For formation of nicotinamide adenine o In order to
2. synthesize Coenzyme-A (COA) –
metabolism of CHO, CHON, and fats
59
Vitamin B5: Panthotenic Acid Deficiencies:
Deficiency Rare;
general failure of all body system
60
Food Source Vitamin B5: Panthotenic Acid
```
o Meat
o Poultry
o Fish
o whole-grain cereals
o dried peas and beans are among best sources
```
61
best food sources of Vitamin B5: Panthotenic Acid
dried peas and beans are among best sources
62
Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine • RDA: Men
1.3-1.7mg/day
63
Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine • RDA: women
1.3-1.7mg/day
64
give 4 functions of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
o HEME synthesis
o Coenzyme in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism
o Helps convert tryptophan to niacin
o Helps produce insulin, myelin sheaths, and
antibodies
65
o HEME synthesis
functions of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
66
o Coenzyme in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism
functions of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
67
o Helps convert tryptophan to niacin
functions of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
68
o Helps produce insulin, myelin sheaths, and
| antibodies
functions of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
69
(6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine Deficiencies
```
Dermatitis,
cheilosis,
glossitis,
abnormal brain wave pattern,
convulsions,
anemia
```
70
6 S&S of Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine toxicity
```
Depression,
fatigue,
irritability,
headaches;
sensory neuropathy characteristic
```
71
Food Sources Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
```
o Meats
o Fish
o Poultry
o Fruits
o green leafy vegetables
o whole grains
o nuts
o dried peas and beans
```
72
what vitamin are you deficient at if you have Dermatitis?
Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
73
what vitamin are you deficient at if you have cheilosis
Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
74
what vitamin are you deficient at if you have glossitis
Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
75
what vitamin are you deficient at if you have abnormal brain wave pattern
Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
76
what vitamin are you deficient at if you have
| convulsions
Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
77
what vitamin are you deficient at if you have
| convulsions anemia
Niacin and (6) Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
78
Vitamin B7: Biotin • RDA
30 μg/day
79
What vitamin has the fucntion of Coenzyme in energy metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and glycogen
formation
Vitamin B7: Biotin
80
give the function of Vitamin B7: Biotin?
Coenzyme in energy metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and glycogen
formation
81
what causes a deficiency in Vitamin B7: Biotin
consumption of too many egg whites (Avidin)
82
what happens when you consume too many egg whites
deficiency in Vitamin B7: Biotin
83
give 5 food sources of Vitamin B7: Biotin
o Eggs
o Liver
o Milk
o dark green vegetables
o Synthesized by GI flora
84
where can you get Vitamin B7: Biotin in the body?
Synthesized by GI flora
85
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid • RDA: Adult:
400 μg/day
86
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid • RDA Pregnant
600 μg/day
87
Why is pregnant women recommended to intake 600 μg/day of folic acid?
ensure fetal development
88
give 3 functions of Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
o RBC production
o Synthesis of DNA
o Tissue Growth and function
89
o RBC production is a function of what vitamin?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
90
Synthesis of DNA
| is a function of what vitamin?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
91
Tissue Growth and function is a function of what vitamin?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
92
give 2 deficiencies of Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
o Spina Bifida
o Anencephaly
93
what happens if there is folate toxicity?
Folate toxicity will mask vitamin B12 deficiency which is very dangerous
94
give 8 food sources for Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
o Liver
o Okra
o Spinach
o Asparagus
o dried peas and beans
o seeds
o orange juice
o breads, cereals, and other grains
95
what vitamin does Liver contain?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
96
what vitamin does Okra contain?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
97
what vitamin does Spinach contain?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
98
what vitamin does Asparagus contain?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
99
what vitamin does dried peas and beans contain?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
100
what vitamin does seeds contain?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
101
what vitamin does orange juicecontain?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
102
what vitamin does breads, cereals, and other grains contain?
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid
103
Vitamin B12: Cobalamin • RDA: Adult
2.4 μg/day
104
give the 5 functions of Vitamin B12: Cobalamin
```
o RBC formation
o Activates folate
o Nerve tissues health
o Helps metabolize some fatty acids and amino acids
o Prevents Megaloblastic Anemia
```
105
what vitamin has the function of RBC formation?
Vitamin B12: Cobalamin
106
what vitamin has the function of Activates folate ?
Vitamin B12: Cobalamin
107
what vitamin has the function of Nerve tissues health?
Vitamin B12: Cobalamin
108
what vitamin has the function of Helps metabolize some fatty acids and amino acids?
Vitamin B12: Cobalamin
109
what vitamin has the function of Prevents Megaloblastic Anemia?
Vitamin B12: Cobalamin
110
give the 7 food sources of Vitamin B12: Cobalamin
```
o Meat
o Fish
o Poultry
o Shellfish
o Milk & dairy products
o eggs
o Some fortified foods
```
111
what are the 2 deficiencies for Vitamin B9 + 12
o Megaloblastic anemia o Neurologic Changes
112
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid • RDA: Male:
90mg/day
113
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid • RDA: Female:
75 mg/day
114
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid • RDA: Upper intake level
1800mg
115
give 6 functions of Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
Collagen synthesis
o Antioxidant
o Promotes iron absorption
o Involved in the metabolism of certain amino acids
o Thyroxin synthesis
o Immune system functioning
116
what vitamin has the function of Collagen synthesis ?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
117
what vitamin ACTS AS Antioxidant ?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
118
what vitamin is Involved in the metabolism of certain amino acids ?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
119
what vitamin Promotes iron absorption ?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
120
what vitamin has the function of Thyroxin synthesis ?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
121
what vitamin improves Immune system functioning ?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
122
give the 3 deficiencies for Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
o Scurvy
oGingivitis= Bleeding gums,
o pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin
123
what vitamin are you deficient in if you have blood disorders?
vitamin B3 Pyridoxine
124
vitamin c helps absorb what?
iron
125
if you are anemic, what would be the combination of your medication administration
ferrous sulfate + orange juice
126
what are the 3 signs and symptoms of vitamin c toxicity?
o It can cause kidney stones
o increase iron absorption which may lead to iron poisoning in hemochromatosis patients
o It can also cause vomiting and indigestion in the
stomach
127
kidney stones are signs of what vitamin toxicity?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
128
vomiting and indigestion in the
| stomach are signs of what vitamin toxicity?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
129
in hemochromatosis patients, what happens if there is high levels of vitamin c
increase iron absorption which may lead to iron poisoning i
130
what vitamin does Citrus fruits and juices contain?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
131
what vitamin does red and green peppers contain?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
132
what vitamin does broccoli contain?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
133
what vitamin does cauliflower contain?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
134
what vitamin does Brussels sprouts contain?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
135
what vitamin does Cantaloupe contain?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
136
what vitamin does Kiwifruit contain?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
137
what vitamin does mustard greens contain?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
138
what vitamin does strawberries contain?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
139
what vitamin does tomatoes contain?
Vitamin C: Ascorbic Acid
140
what vitamin does oils contain?
Vitamin E
141
enumerate the 4 vitamins in grains
1. thiamin
2. niacin
3. riboflavin
4. folic acid
142
enumerate the 5 vitamins in vegetables
1. beta carotene
2. vitamin E
3. vitamin K
4. folate
5. vitamin C
143
enumerate the 3 vitamins in fruits
1. beta carotene
2. folate
3. vitamin C
144
give the 5 vitamins in dairy
1. vitamin A
2. vitamin D
3. riboflavin
4. vitamin B
5. biotin
145
give the 7 vitamins in protein foods
1. niacin
2. vitamin B
3. Thiamine
4. Folate
5. Vitamin E
6. Vitamin D
7. Panthotenic Acid
146
to whom do we recommend supplements?
1. Dieters who consume fewer than 1200 calories.
2. Vegans, esp B12 because it is found naturally only in animal products.
3. Finicky eaters
4. A large proportion of adults age 51 years and older
5. Alcoholics
6. People who are food insecure
7. People with chronic illness or chronic use of a medication
147
nursing interventions for Dieters who consume fewer than 1200 calories.
recommend supplements
148
nursing interventions for Vegans
recommend supplements esp B12 because it is found naturally only in animal products.
149
nursing interventions for Finicky eaters
recommend supplements
150
nursing interventions for A large proportion of adults age 51 years and older
recommend supplements
151
nursing interventions for Alcoholics
recommend supplements
152
nursing interventions for People who are food insecure
recommend supplements
153
nursing interventions for People with chronic illness or chronic use of a medication
recommend supplements
154
TIPS FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE
Eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables every day
155
Five servings of fruits and vegetables per day may provide?
more than 200 mg of vitamin C,
far more than the RDA of 75 mg for adult women and 90 mg for adult men.
156
TIPS FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE
| Concentrate on variety and color
```
Aim for at least one green,
one orange,
one red,
one citrus, and
one legume serving every day
```
157
how to make an effort to preserve the vitamin content of vegetables
store them in the refrigerator (except for onions, tomatoes, winter squash, and potatoes),
prepare them with minimal peeling,
and cook for as short a time as possible in as little water as necessary.
158
TIPS FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE
Start at least one meal each day with a fresh salad.
159
TIPS FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE
for snacks.
Eat raw vegetables or fresh fruits
160
what to do for the portion size of vegetables?
Double the normal portion size
161
TIPS FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE
Add vegetables to other foods, such as zucchini to spaghetti sauce, grated carrots to
meat loaf, and spinach to lasagna.
162
when you go grocery shopping FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE what should you do?
Buy a new fruit or vegetable
163
FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE for entrees what should you eat?
pasta primavera, vegetable stir fry, or black beans and rice
164
FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE when you eat out
Order a vegetable
165
FOR BOOSTING FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE choose what for breakfast and during the day?
Choose 100% fruit juice at breakfast and during the day instead of drinks, cocktails, “-ades” (e.g., lemonade), and/or carbonated beverages.
