Principle Of Genetics Inheritance Flashcards
Genes
Segments of DNA in a chromosome
Locus
The specific place of a gene
Chromatin
One of two identical copies of a chromosome
Centromere
Connects identical sister chromatids
Telomere
Region at the end of the chromosome for stability
Somatic cells
Diploid cells that are differentiated
Homologous chromosomes
2 copies of each gene with the order of 4 loci being identical
Auto some
Chromosomes common in both genders, and you get one from each parent
Metacentric
Centromere is in the center of the chromosome
Submetacentric
Just off the center. A short arm (P) and a long arm (Q)
Acrocentric
Off center; very little information on the short arm so could be removed and the chromosome still functions normally
17q11.2
17: chromosome number Q: arm 1: region 1: band 2: subband
Karyotype
entire set of patient’s chromosomes
Lyonization
X-inactivation; chromosome that is inactivated is random
Mosaicism
Condition in which cells from a patient have different genotypes in different areas of the body