Primary Teaching - Endocrine Physiology Flashcards by Thomas Eraifej

Q

Carbohydrate examples

A

50% starch
30% sucrose

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Q

Starch features

A

Polysaccharides with multiple bods linked by alpha 1-4 or alpha 1-6 bonds

Largest is glycogen

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Q

Digestion of proteins

A

Starts in stomach - breakdown by pepsins

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Q

Dietary lipid examples

A

Triglyceride
Phospholipid
Sterol esters

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Q

5 steps of lipid absorption

A

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Q

Examples of lipases

A

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Q

Digestion of water and electrolytes

A

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Q

Fancy name for swallowing

A

Deglutition

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Q

Number of muscles involved in swallowing

A

26

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Q

Three phases of swallowing

A

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Q

Sphincters of the digestive tract - viva answer

A

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Q

Gut motility and layers

A

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Q

Gut motility wave types and physiology

A

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Q

Enteric nervous system

A

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Q

Enteric endocrine system

A

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Q

Hormone definition and classification

A

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Q

Peptide hormones

A

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Q

Steroid hormones

A

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Q

Amino acid derivative hormones

A

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Q

Hormone examples, locations and functions

A

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Q

Structure of adrenal glands

A

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Q

Function of each adrenal gland zone

A

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Q

Function of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids on each body system

A

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Q

Catecholamine synthesis

A

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Only location in body where Noradrenaline is converted to Adrenaline

Adrenal gland medulla

Hypothalamic-pituitary axis

Anatomy of Hypothalamus and Pituitary gland

Hormones of the anterior pituitary

Hormones of the posterior pituitary

Thyroid gland anatomy (including weight)

Thyroid physiology

Thyroid hormones pathway

Functions of thyroid hormones

Function of calcitonin

Anatomy of parathyroid hormone

Physiology of parathyroid hormone

Calcium homeostasis description

Calcium homeostasis diagram

Anatomy of the liver

Hepatic blood supply and nervous supply

Hepatic blood flow autoregulation

Functions of the liver (numbers 1-6)

Functions of the liver continued (numbers 7-16)

Features and function of Bile

Bile pathway

Tests for the liver

3 main hormones of the pancreas

Insulin Glucagon Somatostatin

Overview of pancreas

Insulin

Glucagon

Somatostatin

Exocrine function of pancreas

Endothelium and its function and classification - viva style question

Endothelial functions

Blood supply of adrenal galnds

Synthesis of adrenocortical hormones

Derived from cholesterol Cholesterol can be synthesised in the gland but mostly taken up from circulation

Cytochrome P450 enzymes

Drugs affected by cytochrome P450 enzymes

Synthesis of adrenaline and noradrenaline

Half life of catecholamines

Less than 2 minutes - extremely short

Clearance of catecholamines

Uptake by both neuronal and non neuronal tissues Recycled or degraded by either monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) or Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Consider use of MAOB inhibitors and COMT inhibitors in Parkinson's disease

G protein coupled adrenoreceptor intracellular pathways

Overview of adrenal hormone pathologies