PRIMARY LESIONS Flashcards
1
Q
(Macule)
- What is it?
A
- circumscribed, flat change in skin color. May be pigmented, hyperpigmented, erythmatous or a result of local hemorrhage. CANNOT BE PALPATED
2
Q
(Patch)
- What is it?
A
- macule greater than 1 cm in diameter. CANNOT BE PALPATED
3
Q
(papule)
- what is it?
- represents what?
- Can it be palpated?
- are erythmatous, may contain hair follicles
- differentials?
A
- solid elevation of the skin up to 1 cm in diameter
- infiltration of inflammatory cells, intraepidermal and subepidermal edema, or epidermal hypertrophy
- yes (as a solid mass)
- parasites (sarcoptic mange, follicular demodicosis)
superficial bacterial infection
flea allergy
feline miliary dermatitis
very common clinical sign of superficial pyoderma
4
Q
(Plaque)
- what is it?
- results from what?
- diff?
A
- large flat topped elevation formed by extension or coalition of papules.
- massive infiltration of inflammatory cells or neoplastic cells into dermis or subcutis
- feline eosinophilic plaque
fungal infections
neoplasms
5
Q
(nodule)
- what is it?
- results from what?
- diff?
A
- circumscribed solid elevation of the skin greater than 1 cm in diameter
- massive infiltration of inflammatory cells or neoplastic cells into the dermis or subcutis
- deep fungal infections
neoplasms
panniculiits
sterile pyogranulomas
6
Q
(Tumor)
- what is it?
- origin?
- often present as what?
A
- large mass that may involve any structure of the skin or subcutaneous tissue
- neoplastic
- plaque and/or nodule that may or may not ulcerate
7
Q
(Pustule)
- what is it?
- location?
- color?
- contain primarily what?
- how common in dogs/cats?
- diff?
A
- small, circumscribed elevation of the skin filled with pus
- intraepidermal, subepidermal, follicular
- yellow (green or red)
- neutrophils and are infectious in origin (but can be eosinophils is parasitic disorders)
- rare - they are fragile
- superficial pyoderma, demodicosis, pemphigus foliaceous
8
Q
(Abscess)
- what is it?
- is pus visible?
- how compare in size to pustules?
- diff?
A
- demarcated, fluctuant lesion resulting from localized, dermal or subcutaneous accumulation of pus
- not until it drains to surface
- larger and deeper
- bacterial infections
9
Q
(Vesicle)
- what is it?
- location?
- how often in cats’dogs?
- diff?
A
- sharply circumscribed elevation of the skin; up to 1 cm and filled with clear fluid
- intraepidermal or subepidermal
- rarely cause fragile
- autoimmune disorders
viral diseases
chemical irritants
10
Q
(Bulla)
- what are they?
- diffs same as for vesicle
A
- vesicles larger than 1 cm
11
Q
(Cysts)
- what are they?
- usually lined by what?
and contain what?
A
- epithelial lined cavity filled with fluid (eg secretion of apocrine glands) or solid material (keratin)
- skin adnexa structures (hair, sweat glands)
keratin, sebaceous or apocrine secretions
12
Q
(Wheal)
- what is it?
- examples are what?
- most commonly seen in what animals?
- diffs?
A
- circumscribed raised lesion consisting of edema that appears and diappears in minutes to hours
- hives and positive skin tests
- horses and dogs
- allergic or nonallergic uticaria (hives)
13
Q
(Angioedema)
- what is it?
- how is lesion than in hives?
- does it pit when pressed?
A
- when the edema extends into the subcutis
- lesion is diffuse and not sharply circumscribed
- yes