05 - Primary/Secondary Skin Lesions Flashcards
(Primary/Secondary Skin Lesions)
(Erythema)
- what is it?
- does what when pressed?
- Is primary after what? secondary after what?
- common sing of what?
- diffuse red coloration of the skin
- blaches (temporary whitening of the skin)
- drug eruption; scratching
- inflammation
(Primary/Secondary Skin Lesions)
(alopecia)
- what is it?
- primary lesion in what?
- secondary in what?
- The presence or absence of concurrent inflammation will help you with the list of differentials:
no inflammation in the presence of alopecia… think what?
if inflammation?
- loss of hair (may vary from partial to complete)
- endocrinopathies & follicular dysplasias
- trauma or inflammation
- endocrinopathies or follicular dysplasias (in these cases alopecia is spontaneous)
think allergic diseases, parasitic diseases etc (in these cases the alopecia is self-induced)
(Primary/Secondary Skin Lesions)
(alopecia)
- differentials? (if multi-focal)
- differentials if symmetrical?
- self-trauma, pyoderma, demodicosis, dermatophysis
- self-trauam, endocrinopathies, telogen defluxion, anagen defluxion, follicular dysplasias
(Primary/Secondary Skin Lesions)
(Scale)
- what is it?
- What is the final product of epidermal keratinization?
- Normal loss occurs as individual cells or small clusters not visible to the naked ete - abnormal loos occurs in large amounts of scales that are visible to the naked eye
- . Flakes vary greatly in consistency; they can appear fine, powdery, flaky, plate like, greasy, dry, loose, adhering or “nit-like”. The color varies from white, silver, yellow, or brown to gray
- may be primary lesion in some caeses of what?
- common secondary lesions in what?
- accumulation of loose fragments of the horny layer of the skin (cornified cells)
- the corneocyte
- primary idiopathic seborrhea and ichthyosis
- chonic inflammation
(Primary/Secondary Skin Lesions)
(scale)
- differentials?
- Primary idiopathic seborrhea; sebaceous adenitis; color dilution alopecia; follicular dysplasia; endocrinopathies and various inflammatory dermatoses (allergies, parasitic conditions such as cheyletiellosis etc.).
(Primary/Secondary Skin LEsions)
(follicular casts)
- what is it?
- primary lesion in what?
- secondary lesion in what?
- accumulation of keratin and follicuar material that adheres to the hair shaft extending above the surface of the follicular ostia
- primary idiopathic seborrhea and sebaceous adenitis
- demodicosis and dermaophysis
(Primary/Secondary Skin LEsions)
(follicular casts)
- Differentials?
- Primary idiopathic seborrhea; sebaceous adenitis (typical for this condition); demodicosis and dermatophytosis (not often seen in demodicosis and dermatophytosis).
(Primary/Secondary Skin Lesions)
(crust)
- is formed when what occurs?
- DIfferentials?
- when d_ried exudate_, serum, pus, blood cells, scales, or midications adhere to the skin surface
- Hemorrhagic (imply deep tissue damage or hemorrhage): traumatic wounds; deep pyoderma (furunculosis); fly strike; and vasculitis.
- Honey colored crusts: superficial bacterial infection; pemphigus foliaceus.
- Thick dry yellowish-white crusts: zinc-responsive dermatosis; sarcoptic mange.
- Crusts present on the footpads: pemphigus foliaceus; zinc-responsive dermatosis; superficial necrolytic dermatitis; distemper.
(Primary/Secondary Lesions)
(Hyperpigmentation)
- what is it?
- Differentials?
- increased epidermal and sometimes dermal melanin
- Differentials: post-inflammatory (some inflammatory lesions will hyperpigment during the healing phase (e.g. resolving epidermal collarettes); hyperpigmentation is most commonly seen with chronic inflammation (in these cases the skin is also lichenified (see lichenification); endocrine disorders (in the cases the skin is not lichenified (thickened).
(Primary/Secondary LEsions)
(hypopigmentation)
- what is it?
- Differntials?
- loss of epidermal melanin
- Post-inflammatory (often seen in horses); immune-mediated (discoid or systemic lupus erythematosus – initial sign); vitiligo; uveodermatologic syndrome.
(Primary/Secondary LEsions)
(Comedo (comedomes))
- what is it?
- Primary lesion in what?
- Produced secondary to what?
- dilated hair follicle filled with keratin and sebaceous debris
- It is the primary lesion in feline acne, Schnauzer comedo syndrome, Cushing’s disease, sex hormone dermatosis, hypothyroidism and some idiopathic seborrhea disorders
- seborrheic skin disorders; to occlusion of the follicle opening with greasy medications, or to the administration of systemic or topical corticosteroids.
(Primary/Secondary LEsions)
(Comedo (comedomes))
(Differentials)
- what are they?
- Endocrine disorders (more frequently seen with Cushing’s disease); feline acne; Schnauzer comedo syndrome; primary or secondary seborrheic disorders; exogenous administration of topical or systemic corticosteroids; demodicosis.