Primary Dentition- FINAL Retrouvey Flashcards
Field of orthodontics treating the patient with mixed dentition (primary + permanent teeth)
Interceptive orthodontics
How many deciduous teeth are in the primary dentition:
20
Primary dentition + permanent molars=
mixed dentition
The permanent molars erupt ____ to the primary dentition
distally
____ replaces primary teeth
succedaneous teeth
Permanent dentition (ideally) includes:
32 teeth
Permanent teeth erupt from:
6-13 years old
tooth eruption can be described as:
a very complicated process
According to professor, what are the last primary max and mandibular teeth to erupt (THIS IS DIF FROM CHART)
canines
Characteristics of deciduous dentition include:
A: ____ crown shapes
B: _____ spacing
C: No _____ of the incisors
D: Less variability in _____ than the permanent dentition
E: ____ changes with growth
A: symmetrical
B: interdental
C: angulation
D: occlusion relations
E: arch width
Interdental spacing=
diastemas
Describing the primary dentition like a picket fence would be describing the____ of the teeth.
angulation (90 degrees to the occlusal plane)
Why are the occlusal relations less variable in primary dentition? (than in permanent)
because malocclusion have not yet been expressed
At what ages do we see the arches grow bigger? (width)
0-2
In primary dentition what measurements are symmetrical?
mesial & distal
Interdental spacing in primary teeth is considered:
desirable/good
What is a desirable interdental spacing value for primary teeth?
4mm
a significant difference in size in the roots between the upper central and lateral incisors and even canines in the permanent teeth that will be replacing them:
incisor liability
larger spaces found mesial to the upper cusps and distal to the lower cuspids:
primate spaces
Primate spaces are found mesial to the ____ and distal to the ___.
upper cuspids; lower cuspids
Rule #1 If there is no interdental spacing in the deciduous dentition…
crowding in the permanent dentition will occur (75% of the time)
Crowding in the primary dentition results in:
100% chance for crowing in permanent dentition and even risk impaction
Crowding in primary dentition (rare) may be caused by:
- not enough bone
- strong lip forces resulting in lack of development of dental alveolar bone
____ between anterior primary teeth are important to get space for permanent incisor eruption
diastemas
The upper incisors erupt to the ____ of primary teeth
labial/facial
The lower incisors tend to erupt to the ____ of the primary teeth
lingual
Describe the increase in arch size during the eruption of permanent incisors
no significant increase in arch size
Because the upper incisors erupt to the labial/facial of the primary teeth, how does this effect the arch size?
arch size expands
Because the lower incisors erupt to the lingual of the primary teeth, how does this effect the arch size?
arch size decreases
The roots of primary teeth are:
symmetrical
only ____ primary teeth are smaller compared to permanent teeth
anterior (incisors & canines)
Since permanent teeth are typically larger than the anterior primary teeth, what issue do we run into?
incisor liability
Some or all primary ____ teeth are larger than their successor
posterior
The upper second premolar replaces the:
Upper second primary molar
The upper second permanent premolar replaces the upper second primary molar, what size of teeth are involved?
Upper second permanent premolar= 7.0 mm
Upper second primary molar= 8.2mm
(1.2 mm difference)
The lower second permanent premolar replaces the lower second primary molar, what size of teeth are involved?
lower second premolar= 7.0 mm
lower second primary molar= 9.9mm
(2.9 mm x2 =6)
The difference in sizes between the posterior primary teeth and posterior permanent is an important aspect in:
interceptive orthodontics
An imaginary surface that passes through the occlusion of the teeth:
occlusal plane (OP)
The secret to orthodontic treatment is to create:
a desirable occlusal plane
The surface of the occlusal plane is curved so it is strictly speaking, not a plane but is approximated by one straight line ____ view based on specific reference points within the dental arches.
lateral view
Unlike the primary teeth, the permanent teeth are not ____ to the occlusal plane
90 degrees
Forms in the PERMANENT dentition in response to the fact that our mandible goes through excursions:
curve of spee
In the primary dentition, the curve of spee is:
flat
If there is is a curve of spee in the primary dentition that is not flat this signifies:
severe malocclusion
response of dentoalveolar process to the skeletal dysplasia or to function disturbance (are not fully expressed)
dentoalveolar compensations
If you have a discrepancy between the maxilla and mandible in deciduous dentition, the level of the occlusal plane will be effected and the _____ will compensate
dentoalveolar process
Describe the dentoalveolar compensations in the primary dentition:
very minimal because normally the maximal and mandible are in a low amount of growth
If a malocclusion is diagnosed in the primary dentition, it will most probably:
get worse during growth
Occlusal relations in the deciduous dentition:
- upper and lower incisors are ___
- minimal __ & __
- upper canine tip is positioned in the ____ between the lower canine and first primary molar
- vertical
- overbite & overjet
- embrasure
As far as occlusal relations in the deciduous dentition, the upper canine tip is positioned in the ___ between the lower canine and the first primary molar
embrasure
If your upper canine is well tucked into the embrasure between the lower canine and first primary molar this describes ___ occlusion
class I
How do you measure overbite?
the amount of coverage of the lower incisor form the upper incisor
Usually in the primary dentition, overbite = ____ percent
10-30%
the amount of distance between the lower incisor and upper incisor from the lingual surface of the upper to the labial surface of the lower
overjet
Typical overjet measurement in primary dentition is:
1-2 mm
What provides the most interdigitation in the primary dentition?
canine
In the primary dentition, if the canine is forward (anterior) in occlusal relations this will result in:
What if the canine is posterior?
class II
class III
pushing of incisors with tongue may result in:
anterior open bite
describe a reverse overjet malocclusion:
when the maxillary incisors are behind the mandibular incisors
In deciduous dentition, normal occlusal changes are due to ____, NOT from ____.
skeletal growth; dental changes
- altering functional environment
- altering neuromuscular pattern
- introducing habits such as thumb sucking
these can alter:
alter skeleton and occlusion resulting in malocclusion
Functional disturbances or thumb sucking habits are involved in the:
etiology of malocclsuions
in deciduous dentition, unfavorable ___ leads to malocclusion even in young patients
skeletal patterns
___ dental eruption may lead to malocclusion
ectopic dental eruption
ectopic dental eruption is pretty much reserved to:
permanent dentition
When the upper and/or lower jaws (maxilla, mandible) are not aligned properly in relation to the cranial base:
skeletal malocclusions
What influences skeletal malocclusion (which is when the upper and or lower jaws are not aligned properly in relation to the skeletal base)?
STRONG genetic influence
but some claim that function can create significant skeletal malocclusion also
Missing primary teeth is:
very rare
