Primary care Flashcards
National Collegiate Athletic Association routine screening for all collegiate athletes
Sickle cell test (EKG, lipid, UDS are NOT broadly recommended)
Age to start cows milk
12 months (to prevent milk protein induced colitis)
Screening recommendations for dyslipidemia
Universal screening at 9-11 years, and again at 17-21 years of age (NOT selective or risk factor based screening)
Age to discuss toilet training (both urine and stool)
18 months old
Steroids and live-vaccines
If < 2 mg/kg/day, then can give live vaccine during treatment. If >2 mg/kg/day but <2 weeks treatment, can give live vaccine after treatment. If >2 mg/kg/day AND >2 weeks treatment, then must wait 4 weeks (1 month) after discontinuation to give live vaccine.
When does moro reflex disappear?
3 to 6 months
When does tonic neck response disappear?
Tonic neck response aka fencing reflex = disappear at 6 months
AAP recommendation for iron supplement at what time?
At 4 months old for full term breast fed, and 1 month for premature infants
AAP recommendation for iron supplement at what time?
At 4 months old for full term breast fed, and 1 month for premature infants
2 week old, umbilical stump fell of but has soft, dull-red granular lesion with mild, mucopurulent drainage and minimal erythema around umbilical rim (dz and tx?)
Umbilical granuloma, tx with silver nitrate (verses umbilical polyp - more fibrous in appearance, requires excision)
Normal testes volume
Mean 18 mL after completion of puberty (remember BIG testes = FRAGILE XXXXX; small testes = kleinfelter (xxy) and kallman syndrome.
Vaccine and egg allergy
Yellow fever vaccine (if hx severe egg allergy, skin test recommended) => NOT influenza (which is made in eggs btu well tolerated
Vaccine with generalized macular rash and arthralgia and thrombocytopenia
MMR
Vaccine with local vesicular rash at injection site
Varicella
Blood pressure cuff correct use
Length at least 2/3 of arm length, and bladder encircle at least 3/4 of arm circumference. Routine screen at 3 years old.
Numerous pale, blushish, 0.5 to 1 cm macules on abdomen, proximal thighs, and butt with pruritis
maculae ceruleae (lice)
When to evaluate short stature
If linear growth rate/velocity < 4-5 cm/year pre-peak growth; if peak linear does not occur by 16 yo in males and 14 yo in females
Early adolescent characteristics
Age 11 to 14 => preoccupation with self, unhappy with appearance, focus on peers, test authority, no like parents, impulsive, mostly concrete thinking, focus on present
Middle adolescence characteristics
Age 15 to 17 => peer pressure is HUGE; extreme concern with appearance, HATE parents, feels omnipotent and immortal, cognition and creativity begin to mature
Birth weight doubles and triples at what age?
6 months old and 1 year old
Normal weight gain after 2 years old
2-3 kg/year
How much birth length increase at 1 year old?
50%
Birth length doubles at what age?
3-4 years (vs. weight doubles at 6 months)
Average length/height growth velocity after 2 years old?
~5 cm/year
Peak puberty height growth velocity for boys and girls?
Boys = 7-12 cm/year; Girls = 6-10 cm/year
Head circumference growth in 1st year of life?
1 cm/MONTH
AAP recommendation for universal hearing screen at what age?
Hearing loss should be identified BY 3 months old, and interventions started BY 6 months old
AAP recommendation for autism screening what age?
18 months and 24 months old
AAP recommendation for discussing drug use at what age?
11 years old
USPSTF recommend age to screen HIV
15 to 18 years old (younger if risk factors)
How much formula does an infant need to drink so he/she does not need vitamin D supplementation?
> 1 liter (1 liter = 406 IU of vitamin D)
AAP recommendation for age of initial dental visit
1 year old
Latest age for 1st tooth eruption
18 months old (if none, refer to dental)
When should children use rear-facing car seat?
Birth to 2-4 years old, or as long as possible until seat allows
When should children use front-facing car seat?
At least 5 years old, or until seat allows
Onset of menarche after puberty
2 to 2.5 years later
Tics in ADHD (tx)
Clonidine or guanfacine
