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PREVMED 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Reverse Osmosis

A

the reverse of natural osmosis achieved by external application of sufficient reverse pressure to cause the solvent to flow in its UNNATURAL DIRECTION

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2
Q

Define coaming

A

a raised frame to keep water out

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3
Q

What is distillation

A

**The total process the distilling plant forms, including evaporation and condensation

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4
Q

What is total coliform?

A

A group of closely related, mostly harmless BACTERIA that live in soil and water as well as the guts of animals

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5
Q

What is NAVSEASYSCOM responsibility?

A

**Responsible for potable water systems, including treatment FACILITIES and processes to assure that safe drinking water is from an approved source:

Design
Construction
Maintenance

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6
Q

What is NAVFACENGCOM responsible for

A

**promulgating instructions for SHIP-TO-SHORE.

Also providing water from an approved source when ship is berthed at naval facility

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7
Q

What is BUMED responsibility

A

**Promulgate instructions, notices or other publications to reflect AFLOAT water requirements

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8
Q

Who is responsible for promulgating the water sanitation bill?

A

**Commanding Officer

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9
Q

Who is responsible for the supply and treatment of potable water sources?

A

**Engineering department

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10
Q

how many gallons per day are specified by NAVSEASYSCOM for daily operations

A

**50 gallons per man per day

No less than 2 gallons per day per man while in water conservation hours

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11
Q

When ship-to-shore or ship-to-ship connections are about to be made, WHO must be present?

A

Medical

Authorized personnel

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12
Q

What is the requirement to receive water from an UNAPPROVED source?

A

**Allowed to be received onboardif the water hasbeentreated at a minimum of 2.0 ppm prior to receipt

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13
Q

What are the shore-to-ship approved sources that fall under

US military sources including establishment under cognizance of?

A

**British Royal Navy
Canadian Forces
Royal Australian Navy

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14
Q

What are the three types of Distillation plants

A

steam distilling: Uses steam
Heat distilling: uses heat
Vapor Compression Type: USES ELECTRICAL ENERGY

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15
Q

How many types of reverse osmosis are there and what are they?

A

2

**single: additional disinfection required such as bromine or chlorination

Triple: additional disinfection NOT required

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16
Q

a single pass RO plant requires what?

A

additional disinfection with chlorine or bromination is required

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17
Q

is additional disinfection required for a triple pass RO plant?

A

no, the water quality is often better than distilled water

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18
Q

Potable water tanks should NEVER be filled with what kind of water?

A

Ballast water, unless necessary for survival of the ship

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19
Q

What is the approving authority for Potable water tank coating

A

**NSF/ANSI

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20
Q

What are the requirements for sounding tubes?

A
  • Disinfect prior to use: 100 ppm FAC for 2 minutes

- LABELED: “Potable Water Use Only”

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21
Q

Potable water filling lines must be what color and how far off the deck?

A
  • **Dark Blue

- 18 inches from the deck

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22
Q

How far off the deck will potable water hose lockers be when located on the weather deck?

A

18 inches

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23
Q

What is printed, step by step instructions for disinfection of hoses and risers post CONSPICUOUSLY INSIDE THE LOCKER

A

**Water sanitation bill

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24
Q

How are hoses labeled?

A

POTABLE WATER ONLY

1 inch high letters every 10 feet

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25
Q

What is the halogen residual range?

A

0.2 - 2.0 ppm

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26
Q

if potable water is coming from sources of doubtful quality, what will the halogen residual requirements?

A

**2.0 ppm

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27
Q

How often is the emergency potable water tank tested

A

Monthly

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28
Q

Each positive sample will have how many repeat samples and from where

A

3 repeat
one at original
one upstream no more than 5 service connections (01-15-2-L)
one down stream no more than 5 service connections (01-20-2-L)

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29
Q

Which diethyl-p-phenylene diamine (DPD) test, test for FAC or TBR

A

**DPD #1

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30
Q

Which diethyl-p-phenylene diamine tests for total chlorine residual?

A

**DPD #4

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31
Q

What is the accuracy of the color comparator?

A

(+) or (-) 10 percent

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32
Q

What is the accuracy of the Portable Spectrophotometer?

A

(+) or (-) 2 percent

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33
Q

For the color comparator test how soon after additional test tab is placed will you read the results?

A

60 seconds

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34
Q

How often do you test halogen?

A

daily while underway

weekly otherwise

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35
Q

how often is bacteriological testing completed?

A

Weekly
Whenever abnormal halogen demand is present
after repairs to potable water systems

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36
Q

What temperature is BACTI samples incubated at?

A

Incubate samples for 24 hours at 35 degrees C

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37
Q

Where will you record BACTI results?

A

Potable water log and/or TMIP including positive and negative controls

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38
Q

Cross connections with non-potable systems occur when what type of Leaks in common bulkheads occur?

A 
Potable water tanks
Fuel tanks
Ballast tanks
Bilges
Wastewater tanks
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39
Q

What is the least desirable method of water disinfection?

A

**Manual Chlorine Disinfection (batch method) because it may result in over chlorination

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40
Q

What is the desirable disinfectant choice

A

**Calcium hypochlorite (HTH)

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41
Q

What is the clear, slightly yellow liquid called in regards to HTH?

A

Supernatant

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42
Q

What is the chlorine dosage rule of thumb?

A

One once HTH per 5,000 gallons of water equals 1.0ppm FAC

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43
Q

What are the two types of brominators?

A

In-line (proportioning)

Recirculation

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44
Q

How long do you hold solution for in METHOD ONE of disinfecting water systems?

A

**24 hours

Drain
Refill
Test BACTI

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45
Q

In METHOD TWO of disinfection of water sources how long will the disinfected surfaces remain in contact with chlorine solution

A

30 minutes

Refill
Test BACTI

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46
Q

In METHOD THREE how long will you hold the solution for?

A

6 hours THEN
add potable water to chlorine solution to fill tank and hold THIS water for 24 hours

Drain
refill
Perform Test

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47
Q

When attempting to control taste and odor which method requires approval from NAVSEASYSCOM?

A

**Steam method

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48
Q

When storing HTH how long can the ready use stock stay in storage?

A

no more than 7 days

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49
Q

How many bottles of HTH can be stored in an individual locker or bin?

A

**no more than; 48 SIX OZ bottles

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50
Q

How will all fire resistant lockers, bins and enclosures containing HTH be labeled?

A

“Hazardous Material, Calcium Hypochlorite”

RED LETTERS WITH A WHITE BACKGROUND

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51
Q

How long will the MDR maintain the record of potable water surveillance?

A

**2 years

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52
Q

How will you document the results of a bacteriological test result?

A

Presence or absence

Include +/- controls
Purpose of test

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53
Q

For a colilert bacteriological test, what is the color that indicates the sample is positive for total coliform?

A

Yellow

Florescent yellow is positive for fecal coliform

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54
Q

For a Colisure bacteriological test, What color indicates the sample is positive for total coliforms?

A

Magenta

Florescent light blue is positive for E. coli

Yellow=negative

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55
Q

What are some sources of contamination?

A

leaks in common bulkheads between potable water tanks and fuel tanks, ballast tanks, bilges and wastewater tanks

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56
Q

CHT operates in three modes, what are they?

A

restricted waters
at sea
in port

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57
Q

What type of CHT is installed on the majority of navy ships?

A

**Type II-B Marine sanitation device

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58
Q

Each tank has two sewage pumps which are connected in parallels to discharge sewage and grey water to what receiving facility?

A

Ship Waste Off-loading Barge (SWOB)

or it will go overboard

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59
Q

What chemical causes the greatest danger to ships and personnel?

A

**H2S

Hydrogen Sulfide

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60
Q

who must be notified in the event of a CHT spill or leak

A

Engineering officer
XO
SMDR

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61
Q

what toxic gas is associated with a rotten egg smell?

A

Hydrogen Sulfide

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62
Q

What immunizations are required for personnel working with wastewater?

A

Polio (IPV)

Tetanus (Td)

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63
Q

What type of PPE is required by CHT workers?

A 
Coveralls 
RUBBER BOOTS
RUBBER GLOVES
Face shield 
SCBA (when necessary)
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64
Q

When cleaning cht contaminated clothing what will you use?

A

Hot water and soap

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65
Q

If a CHT spill occurs in medical, the galley, or berthing spaces what EPA approved disinfectants will be used?

A

**Germicides:

Phenolic type
Iodine Type

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66
Q

How is CHT color coded?

A

**Gold (on valve handles and operating levers)

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67
Q

Untreated sewage in US waters is prohibited within what range?

A

Within 3 nautical miles of shore

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68
Q

In port, sewage and grey water is collected in holding tanks and discharged into a sanitary sewer through what?

A

**sewage risers

69
Q

What test can engineering personnel use to pinpoint small leaks from pumps or pressurized systems?

A

Paper towel test

70
Q

Why must untreated sewage, when held in larger than 2000 gallon tanks be aerated?

A

Because it can become explosive if not aerated

71
Q

Can you enter a CHT pump room if H2S odor is detected?

A

Only if wearing supplied airline respirator with full face mask

72
Q

Who provides on-site advice, when requested in the event of major sewage leaks or spills?

A

Medical department representative

73
Q

What temperature does potable hot water have to be?

A

120 degrees

74
Q

What is the purpose of BACTI testing?

A

**Ensure Water fit for human consumption

Assess adequately disinfected

75
Q

For a crew of 400-800 people, how many samples are needed?

A

8 samples

76
Q

How much water will you put in a bacti testing tube?

A

100mL

77
Q

How long will you allow the water to run before obtaining your sample?

A

2 to 3 minutes

78
Q

Who provides onsite advise in regards to CHT?

A

Medical department representative

79
Q

Who inspects the type II B marine sanitation device?

A

Medical department representative

80
Q

CHT pump rooms must have negative pressure as well as how many EEBD

A

**2 EEBD

And a warning plaque

81
Q

If you’re in restricted waters, what is the disposition of CHT?(you cannot transfer it overboard)

A

**Remain in the holding tank

82
Q

How are sounding tubes disinfected

A

100 ppm FAC for 2 minutes

83
Q

what is the easiest and safest water source?

A

Public water source

84
Q

What are some influences of water choice?

A

Quality
Quantity
Accessibility

85
Q

What is the least contaminated water source?

A

ground

86
Q

What is the water source that provides the most quantity?

A

Surface water

87
Q

What is the most common WATER TREATMENT METHOD?

A

ROWPU

Reverse osmosis water purification unit

88
Q

What can the ROWPU produce water from?

A

fresh water
brackish water
sea water

89
Q

How many gallons per hour does the lightweight purifier produce?

A

125 gallons per hour

90
Q

What is the most common method of disinfecting field water?

A

Chlorination

sufficient chlorine is added to the water to achieve the desired free available chlorine after 30 minute contact time

91
Q

When disinfecting natural surface water or well water under the direct influence of surface water for drinking, and no other treatment is available what is the treatment?

A

**5 ppm FAC after 30 minute contact time

Emergency use only!!!**

92
Q

What is the primary means for the receipt and storage of bulk drinking water and for issue to combat forces under tactical conditions?

A

Potable water storage and distribution systems (PWS/DS)

93
Q

How long will you KEEP ALL INTERIOR SURFACES WET for? (Field water sanitation)

A

60 minutes

94
Q

If either water or the required chemical are short in supply how will you disinfect after preparing 5 gallon of water with 100ppm?

A

USE A LONG HANDLED BRUSH, STICK, OR ROD with a cloth secured to the end, swab the interior of the tank every 10 minutes or as often as necessary to keep the walls clean for an HOUR

95
Q

what type of disinfectant is most common and in granular form?

A

**Calcium Hypochlorite (HTH)

96
Q

How many gallons is the semitrailer mounted fabric tank carry?

A

3000-5000

97
Q

Define surge

A

**Personnel embarked aboard ship for SHORT DURATION during SPECIAL OPERATIONS or exercises, and mobilization

98
Q

Define transients

A

refers to personnel embarked for short duration who DO NOT CONTRIBUTE TO THE HOST SHIP operational capability

99
Q

What is the maximum temperature of berthing, messing, and medical?

A

80 degrees F

100
Q

Berthing, messing, normal working spaces and medical shall be heated to what temperature?

A

**minimum 65 degree F dry bulb temperature

101
Q

What is the ventilation exchange rate?

A

Exchange rate of 15 changes per hour

designed to minimize humidity and odors

102
Q

What type of pillows are prohibited?

A

**polyurethane

103
Q

What type of mattress foam inserts are required on ship

A

Low smoke foam rubber

104
Q

Each lavatory shall have what?

A

one mirror
one shelf
two electrical outlets

105
Q

is hot bunking authorized?

A

no

106
Q

What personnel will make routine sanitary inspections of toilets, lavatories, and berthing spaces?

A 
xo
mdr
ood
jood
chief master at arms
divo
Division chief
107
Q

What action is performed to shower curtains to prevent mildew, odor, and soap accumulations

A

sanitize

108
Q

Berthing spaces, common rooms and head facilities should be cleaned how often?

A

**Daily

109
Q

When will a barber shop worker wash their hands?

A

between patrons
after touching likely contaminated items
before leaving the shop

110
Q

What therapeutic practices are prohibited?

A
  • **treating pimples

- removing ingrown hair

111
Q

how is hair removed from the deck?

A

**by a DUSTLESS method

112
Q

What is the max psi for vacuum equipped clippers

A

**15 psi

113
Q

how often is bedding changed to prevent odor?

A

frequently

114
Q

How often does the barber shop get inspected by a medical department representative?

A

quarterly

115
Q

what must be provided to supply laundry workers with drinking water?

A

Sanitary angle jet type water fountains

116
Q

How far from shore must you be to use seawater with plumbing fixtures?

A

50 fathom curve (25 miles from shore)

117
Q

hygienically safe laundry WITHOUT BLEACH should be what temperature

A

**120-140 degrees F

118
Q

What is a necessary step when chlorine bleach is not included in the formulation?

A

heated air dryers

119
Q

When handling contaminated laundry what will you NOT do?

A

contaminated linen MUST NOT be sorted

soiled is sorted

120
Q

what training must be provided tp personnel prior to using laundry/dry cleaning equipment?

A

Safety
First aid
PPE

121
Q

How will you contain contaminated laundry

A

received in impervious, double sealed bags

outer bag is red and labeled with biohazard symbol and word biohazard.

inner bag must be hot water soluble

122
Q

what is the purpose of quarantine regulations?

A

the movement of DoD equipment and personnel (ships, aircraft, and other modes or method of transport) entering or departing US or foreign country/ ports may introduce undesirable non-native species and disseminate communicable diseases

123
Q

what are the quarantinable diseases

A 
cholera
diphtheria 
infectious TB
plague
small pox
yellow fever
viral hemorrhagic fevers
SARS
Influenzas  caused by novel or reemergent viruses or have potential to cause a pandemic
124
Q

Cholera is the acute diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with what bacterium

A

Vibrio Cholerae

125
Q

Where can the cholera bacterium also live?

A

brackish rivers and coastal waters

126
Q

what are the methods of control for cholera?

A

CONCURRENT DISINFECTION OF FECES AND VOMITUS OF LINENS AND ARTICLES USED BY PATIENTS

immz
case reporting
isolation

127
Q

what type of plague is extensively involving the lungs and the sputum is loaded with causative agent

A

pneumonic

128
Q

how do people usually contract the plague

A

bite from a rodent flea that is carrying the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis

129
Q

how is yellow fever transmitted

A

between humans by a mosquito (AEDES EGYPTI)

130
Q

What is variola virus

A

small pox

131
Q

where are small pox stocks held under security at?

A

**CDC Atlanta GA

Biotech- Koltsoco, Russia

132
Q

what do you immunize with, in regards to small pox

A

vaccinia virus

133
Q

what is OPNAVINST 6210.2

A

Quarantine regulations of the navy

-provides guidance on navy responsibilities, liaisons, foreign quarantine and public health service requirements

134
Q

what is BUMEDINST 6210.4

A

Ship sanitation certificate program

135
Q

how does small pox present within 2 to 4 days

A

skin eruption

136
Q

can a foreign official come on board with CO approval?

A

yes, but only to verify certs

137
Q

within 12 to 72 hours, if is there is a quarantine disease on board who will the CO send a radio message to?

A

senior naval officer in command of port to be entered

138
Q

In the last 15 days prior to US arrival what conditions are reported

A

Patient has temp 100F or greater accompanied by rash, grandular swelling or jaundice or which has presented for more than 48 hours

Pt has diarrhea in a 24 hour period of three or more loose stools

death due to illness other than battle casualties

139
Q

What are the elements of the TB control program?

A 
tb screening
preventative therapy 
tb case identification
tb patient management 
contact investigation
140
Q

What are the tests used when a person has been identified as being exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Tuberculin skin test - Mantoux Method

Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRA)

141
Q

What is the effect therapy to prevent the development of tb in a newly infected

A

(1) the antibiotic regimen of choice is: Isoniazid (INH) and Rifapentine (RPT) in an oral weekly dose of 15mg/kg (900mg max) of INH

142
Q

who requires periodic SCREENING

A

All active duty and reserve personnel

  • Annual screening during PHA
  • Document on NAVMED 6224/8
143
Q

What is the monthly INH evaluation documented on?

A

NAVMED 6224/9

144
Q

What is direct observed therapy?

A

Those who have difficulty with treatment adherence?

MUST BE USED ON PATIENTS ON INH REGIMENS GIVEN TWICE WEEKLY

145
Q

When would you consider withholding INH?

A

patients transaminase level exceed 3x the upper limit of normal if associated with symptoms

or 5x upper limit of normal if asymptomatic

146
Q

what is an active TB case?

A

an illness in which TB bacteria are multiplying and attacking a part of the body. Usually the lungs

147
Q

what is latent TB?

A

a condition where TB bacteria is alive but inactive in the body

148
Q

how long after administration of the TST does the results have to be read by a competent medical authority

A

48 to 72 hours

149
Q

how would you record the result of a TST

A

Record any size in duration in mm

absence of induration reported as 0mm or zero mm

150
Q

what is TB treatment dosage based off?

A

weight

151
Q

what is the primary objective of medical event reports?

A

Enables navy public health experts to be proactive in offering their assistance to local level medical staff

152
Q

Who is the primary consultant with medical event reporting?

A

Cognizant Navy Environmental and Preventative medicine unit (NEPMU)

153
Q

A diagnosis, case or medical event becomes reportable once it has been classified as:

A

Based off of clinical assessment, lab and epidemiology reports will determine if it is,

Suspected
Probable
Confirmed

154
Q

What is a disease and injury report?

A

Disease and injury surveillance involves monitoring the incident of specific pre diagnostic syndromes and injuries occurring in a unit

155
Q

MER is generally unclassified material however should be marked, what?

A

For official use only

156
Q

to have a MER updated to a higher classification who do you contact?

A

security officer
or
Commanding officer

157
Q

what are the two types of MER?

A

urgent: within 24 hours
routine: no later than 7 calendar days

158
Q

What is 6220.12?

A

medical surveillance and medical event reporting TECHNICAL MANUAL

159
Q

INFECTIOUS TB is what priority of medical event report?

A

urgent

160
Q

Whats the official system that is used to capture, store, and communicate information related to RME’s?

A

DRSi Disease Reporting System Internet

161
Q

How often will you get the typhoid vaccine if exposed to the typhoon organism continually or repeatedly

A

2 years

162
Q

What temperature do you store yellow fever at?

A

Store between 36F to 46F (2 to 8C)

163
Q

What must be properly stored and readily available at all vaccine locations?

A

Epinephrine

164
Q

Where will vaccine information sheets be prepared

A

US department of health and human services

Centers for disease control and prevention

165
Q

What instruction states yellow fever cannot be given underway on an IDC ship

A

COMNAVSURFORINST 6000.1

166
Q

What is required in barbershops?

A

Hot and cold running water

167
Q

What must be worn when attending to patrons?

A

(2) A clean smock or other freshly laundered over garment must be worn while attending patrons.

168
Q

Employees must be medically screened and determined to be free of what?

A

free of communicable disease prior to their initial assignment.

IDC School (13 decks)

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