19. One slice of ham and pineapple pizza contains 6g fat, 30g carbohydrate and 10g protein. Approximately how many kilojoules are in one slice? a) 710 b) 900 c) 1130 d) 1640

B Remember Fats 37kj Carbs 17kj Protein 17kj

Previous Exam/Kahoot Questions Flashcards by Sebastian Radzikowski

Which of the following can be used to measure aerobic exercise intensity?

a) Metabolic equivalents (METs)
b) Heart rate
c) Rating of perceived exertion (RPE)
d) All of the above

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The amount of blood pumped around the body each minute is called the _________.
a) Capillary load
b) Cardiac output
c) Stroke volume
d) Heart rate reserve

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Which hormone regulates the movement of glucose from the blood into cells?
a) Glucagon
b) Insulin
c) Thyroxine
d) Cortisol

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Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

a) Galactose
b) Maltose
c) Sucrose
d) Sorbitol

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Vitamin C is also known as _________?
a) Citric acid
b) Pantothenic acid
c) Linoleic acid
d) Ascorbic acid

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Where does most digestion of dietary carbohydrate occur?

a) Mouth
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine

C - (in the Duodenum)

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Which of the following is produced by bacterial fermentation in the large intestine and used for energy by the epithelial cells of the colon when dietary carbohydrate passes undigested through the small intestine?
a) Tyrosine
b) Butyrate
c) Glycerol
d) Lycopene

B -

Butyrate, a four-carbon short-chain fatty acid, is produced through microbial fermentation of dietary fibers in the lower intestinal tract

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Which of the following is an essential fatty acid?
a) Arachidonic acid
b) Eicosapentaenoic acid
c) Alpha-Linolenic acid
d) Stearic acid

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When prescribing exercise to enhance cardiorespiratory fitness, which of the following is the most appropriate exercise intensity for individuals that have good/excellent cardiorespiratory fitness.
a) 40-55% of heart rate reserve
b) 55-65% of heart rate reserve
c) 60-75% of heart rate reserve
d) 70-85% of heart rate reserve

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How many carbon atoms in linoleic acid?
a) 12
b) 14
c) 16
d) 18

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Which of the following dietary assessment methods involves asking participants how often they consume a specific list of food items?
a) 24hr recall
b) Food record
c) Diet history
d) Food frequency questionnaire

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Which of the following biomarkers was collected in the most recent Australian Health Survey to estimate the prevalence of iron deficiency?
a) Fasting triglycerides
b) Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)
c) Serum folate
d) Serum ferritin

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What is the acronym that refers to a food composition database commonly used in nutrition surveys in Australia?
a) FSANZ
b) AUSNUT
c) NUTTZ
d) NDAUS

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According to the Australian Dietary Guidelines (2013), reduced fat milks are not suitable for which age group?
a) Pregnant women aged 20-35
b) Children under 2
c) Adults over 70
d) Adolescents aged 14-19

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The current physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines for Australian adults recommend muscle strengthening activities on at least how many days of the week?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

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What is the term given to the gradual increase in heart rate during a steady state bout of aerobic exercise?
a) Cardiovascular slope
b) Cardiovascular drift
c) Coronary lag
d) Cardiovascular span

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John’s maximum heart rate is 208 bpm and his resting heart rate is 75 bpm. What is his target heart rate when exercising at an intensity that corresponds to 65% of his heart rate reserve?
a) 86
b) 133
c) 161
d) 185

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Oleic acid is a ___________ fatty acid?
a) Saturated
b) Monounsaturated
c) Polyunsaturated
d) None of the above

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One slice of ham and pineapple pizza contains 6g fat, 30g carbohydrate and 10g protein. Approximately how many kilojoules are in one slice?
a) 710
b) 900
c) 1130
d) 1640

Remember
Fats 37kj
Carbs 17kj
Protein 17kj

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Niacin can be synthesised from which amino acid?
a) Methionine
b) Tryptophan
c) Glycine
d) Alanine

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Which of the following carotenoids is classed as provitamin A because it can be converted to retinol?
a) Lycopene
b) Lutein
c) Zeaxanthin
d) Alpha-cryptoxanthin

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Which of the following are functions of vitamin C?
a) Synthesis of collagen
b) Vision
c) Fluid regulation
d) Calcium absorption

It’s involved in many body functions, including formation of collagen, absorption of iron, the immune system, wound healing, and the maintenance of cartilage, bones, and teeth

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The condition beri beri is associated with deficiency of which vitamin?
a) Thiamin
b) Riboflavin
c) Niacin
d) Pantothenic acid

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Which of the following is most likely to be TRUE about riboflavin?
a) Deficiency results in pellagra
b) It is involved in calcium absorption
c) It is highly unstable when exposed to ultra-violet light
d) Deficiency is associated with neural tube defects

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25. Which of the following vitamins is essential for the formation of coenzyme A? a) Thiamin b) Riboflavin c) Niacin d) Pantothenic acid

26. Which form of vitamin A is involved in vision? a) Retinoic acid b) Beta-carotene c) Retinal d) Lycopene

27. How does vitamin C enhance iron absorption? a) Converting iron from its ferric state (Fe3+) to its ferrous state (Fe2+) b) Converting iron into the haem form c) Opening up iron transport channels in the epithelial cells of the small intestine d) All of the above

28. Vitamin D can be synthesised in the body from which of the following lipids? a) Chylomicrons b) Oleic acid c) Linoleic acid d) Cholesterol

29. Tocopherols and tocotrienols are forms of which vitamin? a) A b) C c) D d) E

30. The current dietary guidelines and Australian guide to healthy eating recommend how many serves of vegetables for women aged 19-50? a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) 8

A For men, it’s 6 for 19-50 and above 50 it’s 5.5 serves

31. The DASH diet was initially developed to address which condition? a) Obesity b) Stroke c) Type 2 diabetes d) Hypertension

32. Russell is 184cm tall and weighs 99kg. According to his body mass index (BMI), Russell falls into which weight classification? a) Underweight b) Healthy weight c) Overweight d) Obese

33. One serve of chicken curry with rice contains 15g fat, 64g carbohydrate and 23g protein. Approximately how many kilojoules are in one serve of chicken curry with rice? a) 1330 b) 1680 c) 2030 d) 2450

34. What does the term ‘basal metabolic rate’ mean? a) The amount of energy expended from consuming foods and drinks b) The amount of energy expended in normal physiological processes at rest such as digestion, cell transport and circulation c) The amount of energy expended during physical activities such as walking, running and cycling d) The increase in the amount of energy expended to fight illness and disease

35. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the use of short questions as a method of dietary assessment? a) They involve low respondent burden b) They provide information about food patterns c) They are often used in population based surveys d) They can provide accurate information on nutrient intake

36. Which of the following statements is NOT included in the current Dietary Guidelines for Australian Adults? a) Care for your food: prepare and store it safely b) Encourage, support and promote breast feeding c) Limit intake of foods and drinks containing added salt d) Evenly distribute protein throughout the day

37. Jason consumes 160g of cooked chicken breast for dinner. How many serves of meat has Jason consumed? a) 1 b) 1.5 c) 2 d) 2.5

C 80g of poultry per serve 65g of red meat per serve

38. How many different amino acids are incorporated into proteins in the human body? a) 16 b) 20 c) 24 d) 28

39. Muscle actions that involve the muscle lengthening while exerting force are called __________ contractions. a) Concentric b) Eccentric c) Isometric d) Hypertrophic

40. Which element is found in protein, but not in fat or carbohydrate? a) Nitrogen b) Oxygen c) Carbon d) Hydrogen

41. Pectin is a type of ____________. a) Essential amino acid b) Polyunsaturated fatty acid c) Dietary fibre d) Water soluble vitamin

42. What percentage of a person’s body weight is typically made up of protein? a) 16% b) 33% c) 50% d) 66%

43. How much energy is derived from a gram of fat? a) 9kJ b) 17kJ c) 29kJ d) 37kJ

44. According to the Australian Health Survey, how many Australians aged 15 years and over reported that they were on a diet to lose weight or for other health reasons? a) 1 million b) 2.3 million c) 3.4 million d) 5.2 million

45. Timothy consumes 1 cup of baked beans for breakfast. This is equivalent to how many serves of meat? a) 1 b) 1.5 c) 2 d) 2.5

46. Approximately what proportion of Australian adults consume the recommended number of serves of vegetables? a) 80% b) 50% c) 30% d) less than 10%

47. According to the Australian Health Survey, what proportion of total energy was consumed from ‘discretionary foods’? a) 10% b) 35% c) 55% d) 80%

48. Which method of dietary assessment is considered the most precise method available to estimate the food and nutrient intake of individuals? a) Diet history interview b) Food frequency questionnaire c) Weighed food records d) 24hr recall

49. One serve of beef lasagne contains 10g fat, 56g carbohydrate and 20g protein. Approximately how many kilojoules are in one serve of beef lasagne? a) 1230 b) 1660 c) 2230 d) 2540

50. What percentage of individuals in the US National Weight Control Registry weigh themselves at least once a week? a) 32% b) 47% c) 75% d) 92%

51. Oxygen consumption during endurance exercise is rarely used as a measure of exercise intensity because ____________. a) It is not accurate enough b) It requires expensive equipment c) It can only be conducted on elite athletes d) It can have harmful side effects

52. Compared with a sedentary individual, an endurance athlete is likely to have which of the following? a) A similar maximal heart rate b) A lower stroke volume at rest c) A higher cardiac output at rest d) All of the above

53. Which of the following types of muscle actions is most likely to cause delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). a) Concentric b) Eccentric c) Isometric d) Isokinetic

54. The acronym FITT refers to which components of the exercise prescription? a) Flexibility, intensity, time, type b) Frequency, intensity, threshold, type c) Flexibility, intermittent, threshold, time d) Frequency, intensity, time, type

55. Which of the following is an unbranched polysaccharide that is digested relatively slowly? a) Amylopectin b) Galactose c) Amylose d) Fructose

56. Which of the following transport dietary fat around the body immediately after absorption? a) Glycerol b) Tryptophan c) Amylase d) Chylomicrons

57. Which of the following can occur when athletes have low energy availability? a) Impaired menstrual function b) Reduced bone density c) Disruptions in the endocrine and immune systems d) All of the above

58. The thin filaments in muscle are called _______. a) Actin b) Myosin c) Globin d) Adiponectin

59. Completing one set of seated back rows followed immediately by one set of barbell chest press during a resistance training session is an example of ___________. a) Compound sets b) Super-setting c) Pre-exhaustive sets d) Fartlek training

60. Which of the following factors influence flexibility? a) Age b) Previous injury c) Tissue temperature d) All of the above

61. Steven consumes I cup of cooked carrot and half a cup of cooked broccoli with dinner. How many serves of vegetables has Steven consumed? a) 1.5 b) 2 c) 2.5 d) 3

62. Which of the following provides a good source of fluid, protein and carbohydrate for recovery after exercise? a) Apple juice b) Vegetable soup c) Flavoured milk d) Oranges

63. Which of the following soft-tissue factors provides most resistance to movement? a) Muscle b) Joint capsule c) Tendons d) Skin

64. What type of flexibility training involves stretching a muscle to the point of mild tension or discomfort and then holding it at that point for an extended period? a) Static stretching b) Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) c) Dynamic stretching d) Myofascial release

65. Which of the following best describes the feelings of satiation and satiety? a) Satiation tells us to ‘stop eating’ and satiety reminds us to ‘not start eating again’ b) Satiation tells us to ‘commence eating’ and satiety reminds us to ‘continue eating’ c) Satiation tells us to ‘continue eating’ and satiety reminds us to ‘stop eating’ d) None of the above

66. Which of the following is a gastrointestinal hormone that is involved in the regulation of food intake? a) Cortisol b) Thyroxine c) Noradrenaline d) Cholecystokinin

67. Omega-3 fatty acids are named because? a) They have three carbon atoms b) They have the first double bond on the third carbon from the methyl end c) They have double bonds on every third carbon atom d) They were the third class of fatty acids to be discovered

68. Approximately how much does the thermic effect of food (TEF) contribute to total energy expenditure? a) 10% b) 25% c) 50% d) 75%

69. David is 188cm tall and weighs 92kg. What is the minimum number of kilograms that David would need to lose to get his body mass index (BMI) into the healthy weight rage? a) 4 b) 8 c) 10 d) 12

70. Fat stored in which area of the body is most likely to cause health problems? a) Arms b) Hips c) Thighs d) Abdomen

71. Which enzyme promotes fat storage in adipose cells? a) Phospholipase b) Lipoprotein lipase c) Linoleic acid d) Adipose transferase

72. What percentage of individuals in the US National Weight Control Registry exercise for at least one hour each day? a) 37% b) 55% c) 76% d) 90%

73. Which of the following molecules acts as a hormone to promote negative energy balance by supressing appetite and increasing energy expenditure? a) Ghrelin b) Insulin c) Oxytocin d) Leptin

74. In sports nutrition, the term ‘energy availability’ is defined as _________. a) Energy intake minus the energy expended in exercise b) Energy intake minus total energy expenditure c) Energy intake minus the thermic effect of feeding d) Energy intake minus resting energy expenditure

75. Which of the following is used to measure body composition? a) DEXA b) MESA c) METs d) BXA

76. Which of the following is a disaccharide? a) Fructose b) Sucrose c) Galactose d) Glucose

B The others are your three main monosaccharides

77. Carbohydrate ingestion during endurance exercise lasting 60 minutes or less is likely to enhance performance by which mechanism? a) Prevention of muscle glycogen depletion b) Prevention of liver glycogen depletion c) Sensory effects associated with carbohydrate in the mouth d) Increased blood glucose

78. Which of the following characterises observational research in nutrition? a) Highly controlled experiments examining the mode of action in the biological context b) All studies must be conducted in a controlled human context c) Provision of indirect evidence on the relationships between dietary practices and health outcomes d) Provision of direct evidence of effects of food on health

79. Which of the following is most likely to result in optimal endurance performance when consumed during exercise tasks lasting longer than 3 hours? a) 60g/hr glucose + 30g/hr fructose b) 90g/hr glucose c) 120g/hr glucose d) 150g/hr glucose

A 90g of carbs; best to have a mixture

80. Fat oxidation during exercise can be as high as _____ in some individuals after adaptation to a high fat diet. a) 10g/hr b) 50g/hr c) 75g/hr d) 100g/hr

81. Optimal gains in muscle mass and strength after a resistance training program are achieved when daily protein intake is approximately _______. a) 0.8-1.0g/kg body mass b) 1.2-1.4g/kg body mass c) 1.6-2.0g/kg body mass d) 2.4-2.8g/kg body mass

82. Dietary carbohydrate digestion occurs by the action of which of the following enzymes? a) Lipase b) Amylase c) Pepsin d) Trypsin

83. Which of the following nutrients enhance fluid retention when added to beverages consumed after exercise? a) Sodium b) Carbohydrate c) Protein d) All of the above

84. What is the mechanism responsible for the ergogenic effect of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance? a) More efficient use of oxygen during exercise b) Buffering acid in the muscle c) Increasing energy substrate stores d) Enhancing phosphate turnover

85. The association between physical activity and the risk of developing cancer is strongest for which types of cancer? a) Breast and endometrial b) Breast and colon c) Lung and prostate d) Breast and prostate

86. How much of a reduction in diabetes incidence was achieved as a result of the lifestyle intervention in the diabetes prevention trial (Knowler et al., 2002)? a) 26% b) 47% c) 58% d) 73%

87. What is the mechanism responsible for the ergogenic effect of beta-alanine supplementation on high intensity exercise performance? a) More efficient use of oxygen during exercise b) Buffering acid in the muscle c) Increasing energy substrate stores d) Enhancing phosphate turnover

88. Exercise is defined as: a) any movement that works larger muscles of the body such as the arm, leg and back muscles b) planned, structured and repetitive bodily movement done to maintain or improve physical fitness c) any activity that involves competition between two or more individuals or teams d) the amount of energy expended during physical activity

89. Cohort studies, case-control studies and non-randomised experimental trials are categorised as which level of evidence? a) Level I b) Level II c) Level III-2 d) Level IV

90. Flexibility training programs have been found to reduce: a) The risk of diabetes b) Blood glucose c) Low back pain d) LDL cholesterol

91. Which of the following is considered to be one serve of vegetables? a) Half a cup of cooked zucchini b) One cup of lettuce c) Half a cup of baked beans d) All of the above

92. Which of the following is TRUE about the RDI for a nutrient? a) The RDI is an estimate of the average requirement of the nutrient b) The RDI is set to be well above the average requirement of the nutrient c) The RDI most likely underestimates that actual requirements for the nutrient d) none of the above

93. Which of the following is true about protein requirements of athletes? a) athletes don’t require additional protein compared with non-athletes b) athletes can require twice as much protein as non-athletes c) all athletes should take liquid protein supplements d) none of the above

94. Which of the following molecules acts as a hormone to promote positive energy balance by stimulating appetite and promoting efficient energy storage? a) Ghrelin b) Cortisol c) Thyroxine d) Leptin

95. The initial increase in strength seen with resistance training is primarily due to: a) Hypertrophy b) Hyperplasia c) Weight gain d) Neural factors

96. The weakest level of evidence to support the use of a nutrition or exercise intervention comes from _____________. a) Systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials b) Cohort studies c) Pseudo-randomised controlled trials d) Expert opinion

97. Which of the following shows the clearest dose-response relationship between physical activity and risk of early death from all causes? a) Intensity of physical activity b) Duration of physical activity c) Frequency of physical activity d) Amount of energy expended in physical activity

98. Early studies that initially demonstrated the relationship between physical activity and reduced risk of disease observed which population? a) Train workers in Paris b) Bus workers in London c) Ship workers in New York d) Airport workers in Amsterdam

99. What percentage of individuals in the US National Weight Control Registry eat breakfast every day? a) 62% b) 72% c) 78% d) 92%

100. What types of studies are mostly used as evidence for the benefit of physical activity in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease? a) Randomised controlled trials b) Cohort studies c) Case studies d) None of the above

101. Which food is a good source of vitamin A? a) Capsicum b) Bread c) Salt d) Water

102. Which concept suggests that the sum of the parts of a food may have more of an effect on health than the individual components themselves? a) Nutrigenomics b) Food components theory c) Food synergy d) Nutrition balance

103. How much caffeine should endurance athletes consume before exercise to enhance performance? a) 3mg/kg b) 35mg/kg c) 100mg/kg d) 250mg/kg

C As my tutor says; think No-Doz

104. Appetite is primarily controlled in which part of the brain? a) Frontal lobe b) Cerebellum c) Hypothalamus d) Occipital lobe

105. Which type of research is most commonly used to explain how the isolated compounds in food might act on physiological and biochemical processes? a) Randomised controlled trials b) Mechanistic research c) Observational studies d) Literature reviews

106. Which of the following is NOT a statement in the current Australian physical activity guidelines for adults? a) Doing any physical activity is better than doing none b) Be active on most, preferably all, days every week c) Accumulate 150-300 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity each week d) Do 20 minutes of vigorous exercise at least 3 days of the week

107. The dietary intake of which nutrient is INVERSELY associated with blood pressure? a) Folic acid b) Sodium c) Potassium d) Calcium

108. Which of the following dietary patterns is most associated with a reduced risk of chronic disease? a) The DASH diet b) The CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet c) The Mediterranean diet d) The Atkins diet

109. According to the National Health and Medical Research Council’s reviews of the scientific evidence, intake of which food group is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes? a) Grains (wholegrain) b) Dairy and/or alternatives c) Fruit d) Meat and/or alternatives

110. Which food group is the largest contributor to intakes of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the Australian diet? a) Fish/seafood b) Meat c) Cereals d) Vegetables

111. What is the World Health Organization’s definition of nutrition? a) The study of the vital biological functions of plants and animals b) A substance consumed as part of a meal or snack to provide energy and nutrients for sustaining health c) The intake of food, considered in relation to the body’s dietary needs d) The relationship between food and health

112. Which of the following is not considered a nutrient? a) Flavonoids b) Protein c) Fat d) Calcium

113. Which type of research provides direct evidence of the effects of food consumption or physical activity on health in a human context? a) Mechanistic research b) Observational study c) Epidemiological trial d) Randomised controlled trial

114. Which nutrition tool converts information on food into nutrients? a) Food composition database b) Nutrient reference values c) Dietary assessment methods such as diet histories d) The Australian Dietary Guidelines

115. Which of the following nutrients is considered the most satiating? a) Carbohydrate b) Fat c) Sodium d) Protein

116. What is the current name of the body which develops standards regarding the types of ingredients that can go into foods and the information that can be provided on labels? a) Food Standards Australia and New Zealand b) Australia and New Zealand Food Authority c) The Department of Health and Ageing d) The Heart Foundation

117. The Metabolic Equivalent (MET) approach to quantifying exercise intensity assumes that oxygen consumption at rest is ______________. a) 3.5ml/kg/min b) 5.6ml/kg/min c) 17ml/kg/min d) 42ml/kg/min

118. Which of the following components of physical fitness are associated with better health and improved quality of life? a) Cardiorespiratory fitness b) Muscular strength c) Flexibility d) All of the above

119. Urinary nitrogen can be used to assess the validity of reported intakes of which nutrient? a) Folate b) Fat c) Protein d) Sodium

120. Which nutrition tool provides values for nutrient intakes to support the health of most people in the population? a) Food composition databases b) Nutrient reference values c) The Australian Dietary Guidelines d) The Australian Optimal Nutrient Values

Kahoot: A cohort study is considered to be what level of evidence?

III-2

Kahoot: What is the name of a large cohort study investigating factors contributing to CVD?

Framingham Heart Study

Kahoot: Which of the following is true about observational studies? A) Provide indirect evidence B) Provide direct evidence, but can’t explain mechanisms C) Involve highly controlled experiments D) Involve random allocating intointervention or control group

Kahoot: Which life stage requires food and nutrients for growth, development and obesity prevention?

Childhood and adolescence

Kahoot: Where is energy balance regulated?

Hypothalamus

Kahoot: Which food groups are associated with a reduced risk of CVD?

Fruit, Vegetables and Dairy foods

Kahoot: What foods are emphasised in the Mediterranean diet?

Olive oil vegetables, nuts and seeds

Kahoot: According to the ‘Hungry Planet’ project, which country spends the least on food?

Chad

Kahoot: Which food is typically fortified with iodine?

Salt

Kahoot: What are key community sectors within nutritional health?

Food industry Nutrition research Health services

Kahoot: Going from ___ to ___ levels of physical activity will have the biggest health benefit

Sedentary to low

Kahoot: Exercise is:

Planned, structures and repetitive A sub-category of physical activity Designed to improve physical fitness

Kahoot: The MET method of measuring exercise intensity assumes ____ oxygen at rest

3.5ml//kg/min

Kahoot: MET value for walking at very brisk pace?

Kahoot: How much can regular physical activity reduce progression to dementia and alzheimers disease?

50%

Kahoot: Physical activity is more effective at reducing risk of diabetes than which drug treatment?

Metformin

Kahoot: Physical activity is associated with how much of a reduction in CVD risk?

20-30%

Kahoot: How much physical activity is required for the primary prevention of weight gain?

At least 60mins/day of moderate intensity physical activity

Kahoot: Approximately how much time do adults spend sitting and watching TV each day?

7-10 hours per day sitting; 2-3 hours spent watching TV

Kahoot: Domains of physical activity?

Occupation, Transport and Leisure

Kahoot: The ___ is the highest daily nutrient intake likely to pose no adverse health effects

Upper Level of Intake (UI)

Kahoot: In the Nutrient Reference Values, what does AMDR stand for?

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range

Kahoot: Which dietary pattern is associated with better health?

Mediterranean Diet

Kahoot: Which diet assessment is not good for individuals with poor memory?

24-hour recall

Kahoot: Short questions is an appropriate diet assessment method for...?

Most macronutrients and alcohol

Kahoot: What proportion of Australians meet RDI for fruit?

31%

Kahoot: What proportion of Australians meet RDI for meat?

14%

Kahoot: How much physical activity is recommended for children ages 5-12 years?

60 mins of moderate-vigorous intensity activity each day

Kahoot: How much use of electronic media for entertainment is recommended for young people ages 13-17?

No more than two hours per day

Kahoot: Australian adults are advised to do what activity twice a week?

Muscle strengthening

Kahoot: What enzymes break down CHO into molecules that can be used for energy in the body

Pancreatic enzymes Bacterial enzymes Brush border enzymes

Kahoot: After digestion, dietary short and medium chain fatty acids are absorbed:

Directly into the portal circulation

Kahoot: Trypsin is an enzyme secreted by the ___ to break down protein in the small intenstine

Pancreas

Kahoot: 1g of fat provides ___kj of energy

Kahoot: ____ is a highly branched polysaccharide which is digested and absorbed quickly

Amylopectin

Kahoot: How many carbon atoms in a molecule of stearic acid?

Kahoot: Functions of proteins in body?

Structure and support Immune functions Hormones

Kahoot: Layman (2009) suggests that ___ protein in a meal fully stimulates muscle protein synthesis

30 grams

Kahoot: Which of the following is a type of dietary fibre? Oligosaccharides Pectins Fructans

All of them

Kahoot: A serve of almonds (30g) contains approximately how much fat?

16g

Kahoot: Beta-carotene is a precursor to which vitamin?

Kahoot: Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is associated with a deficiency in which vitamin?

Thiamin

Kahoot: Which vitamin is highly unstable when exposed to ultra-violet light?

Riboflavin

Kahoot: Which vitamin is required for the formation of coenzyme A?

Pantothenic acid

Kahoot: What vitamin is essential for collagen synthesis?

Vitamin C

Kahoot: What foods are good sources of folate?

Citrus fruits, leafy green vegetables and liver

Kahoot: Which vitamin is only found in animal origin?

B12

Kahoot: What vitmain is involved in the regulation of calcium balance in the body?

Vitamin D

Kahoot: Which mineral is required for synthesis of thyroid hormones?

Iodine

Kahoot: What population group has the highest requirement for iron?

Pregnant women

Kahoot: ___ is the art of modifying exercise training variables from general through to specific

Linear periodisation

Kahoot: What are the signs/symptoms of over-training?

Muscle soreness Reduced appetite Distributed sleep

Kahoot: What occurs when Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) is experienced?

Reduced muscle force generating capacity Impaired glycogen synthesis Structural damage to the muscle

Kahoot: What is the limitation of the 220-age formula for prediction of MHR?

It overestimates MHR in young people (from qs) It doesn't overestimate MHR in athletes or older people

Kahoot: What is the advantage of using the Karvonen method for exercise intensity?

It accounts for variations in resting heart rate

Kahoot: Training at what tempo is recommended for enhancing muscular endurance?

4:1:2

Kahoot: Benefits of improving flexibility?

Decreased risk of low back pain Relief from muscle cramps Reduced stress

Kahoot: Which of the following soft tissues contribute most to movement resistance?

Joint capsule (and ligaments)

Kahoot: What method of stretching modality involves isometric holds and alternating contractions?

Proprioceptive neuro-muscular facilitation (PNF)

Kahoot: Components of total daily energy expenditure?

Thermic effect of food Basal metabolism Physical activity

Kahoot: The number of kilojoules a food provides is measured by what device?

A Bomb calorimeter

Kahoot: What three main things decrease BMR?

Aging, fasting and malnutrition

Kahoot: How is BMI calculated?

Weight divided by height squared

Kahoot: Whose equation can be used to estimate energy requirements?

Schofield

Kahoot: Which of the following is true about abdominal fat? - Men have more abdominal fat than women - It is estimated by measuring waist circumference - It is associated with increased risk of disease

All of them

Kahoot: Lipoprotein lipase activity is most likely to be highest in which individual?

Obese peeps

Kahoot: What does brown adipose tissue do?

Releases stored energy as heat

Kahoot: Orlistat is a drug that can reduce body weight by ___?

Inhibiting fat digestion and absorption

Kahoot: Weight loss of ____ is considered to be clinically significant

>5%

Kahoot: What mechanism is responsible for the ergogenic effect of beta-alanine suplementation?

Enhanced muscle buffer capacity

Kahoot: ___ is the amount of energy available to the body after the cost of exercise is subtracted

Energy availability

Kahoot: What is the mechanism responsible for the ergogenic effects of nitrate supplementation?

Enhanced efficiency of oxygen use during exercise

Kahoot: Optimal muscle glycogen storage before an endurance event is achieved by:

Reducing training load and carbohydrate intake of 8-10 kg/day

Kahoot: What is the mechanism responsible for the ergogenic effects of caffeine supplementation?

Reduced perception of effort

Kahoot: The maximal rate of fat oxidation occurs at approximately what exercise intensity?

50% VO2max

Kahoot: What is the mechanism responsible for the ergogenic effects of bicarbonate supplementation?

Enhanced blood buffer capacity

Kahoot: What forms of carbohydrate is most likely to be ergogenic?

Gel, liquid and solid are all similarly ergogenic

Kahoot: Daily protein intake required by athletes undertaking resistance training is

1.6-2.0g per kg

Kahoot: What nutrients are likely to enhance fluid retention after exercise?

Carbohydrates, protein and sodium

Kahoot: Three ways to measure aerobic exercise intensity?

MET HR Rating or Perceived Exertion (RPE)

Kahoot: Which of the following is a form of Vitamin A? a) retinol b) tryptophan c) niacin d) riboflavin

Retinol

7. Which of the following dietary assessment methods involves the prospective recording of all food items consumed over a specified period? a) 24hr recall b) Food record c) Diet history d) Food frequency questionnaire

12. The evidence report for the Australian dietary guidelines suggests that the level of evidence to support the statement 'Consumption of each additional daily serve of vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease' is graded as _________. a) A b) B c) C d) D

14. A deficiency of riboflavin in the diet would result in: a) dehydration b) bone loss c) decreased oxygen transport d) cracking at the corners of the mouth

19. Which of the following shows the clearest dose-response relationship between physical activity and risk of early death from all causes? a) Intensity of physical activity b) Duration of physical activity c) Frequency of physical activity d) Amount of energy expended in physical activity

22. The most recent version of the Australian Dietary Guidelines was released in 2013. In which year was the previous Dietary Guidelines for Adults released? a) 1995 b) 2003 c) 2009 d) 2012

30. What is the name of the ongoing longitudinal study that began in 1948 in the USAand led to the identification of risk factors and other related medical and psychosocial issues associated with CVD? a) The Framingham Heart Study b) The Wastewater Study c) The Schofield CVD Study d) The Western Diet Study

36. Sarah consumes one cup of cooked broccoli with her dinner. How many serves of vegetables has Sarah consumed? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

40. What percentage of individuals in the US National Weight Control Registry weigh themselves at least once a week? a) 32% b) 47% c) 75% d) 92%

42. In the context of dietary assessment, biomarker data is used to: a) Provide an objective measure of nutritional status b) Validate data collected using dietary assessment methods c) Help individuals to recall dietary intakes accurately d) Both (a)and (b

51. Which of the following is not a type of dietary fibre? a) Pectin b) Lignin c) Cellulose d) Glycerol

55. Which of the following vitamins is fat soluble? a) Thiamin b) B12 c) C d) K

56. 100mg of salt equates to how many mg of sodium? a) 1.5 b) 40 c) 60 d) 150

57. Which of the following enhance the absorption of iron? a) Iron in the haem form b) Vitamin C c) An increased requirement for iron d) All of the above

59. Approximately what proportion of Australians over the age of 15 undertake sufficient physical activity for health benefits? a) 10% b) 25% c) 40% d) 65%

62.Two amino acids joined together is called a:

Dipeptide

65.Acid in the stomach helps digest proteins by _________.

Denaturing the protein

66. Compared with a sedentary individual, an endurance athlete is likely to have which of the following? a) A lower resting heart rate b) A higher stroke volume c) A higher maximal cardiac output d) All of the above

70.One egg contains approximately how much protein?

12g

71.In addition to providing energy, fat also acts to store:

Vitamins

74.Dietary modelling identified which food item as the most suitable vehicle to fortify with dietary iodine in Australia

Bread

77. Which of the following vitaminsis involved in calcium absorption? a) A b) C c) D d) E

79. What percentage of individuals in the US National Weight Control Registry exercise for at least one hour each day? a) 37% b) 55% c) 76% d) 90%

81. Which nutrient is very important for the normal blood clotting? a) Folate b) Vitamin A c) Vitamin D d) Vitamin K

83. Peter’smaximum heart rate is 210 bpmand his resting heart rate is 80 bpm. What is his heart rate when exercising at an intensity that corresponds to 60% of his heart rate reserve? a) 78 b) 126 c) 158 d) 170

88. An appropriate rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise for a 22-year old man wanting to improve his cardio-respiratory fitness would be: a) 5-8 b) 10-12 c) 14-18 d) 19-20

8. According to the article ‘A Call for an End to the Diet Debates’ by Pagoto and Appelhans (2013) the biggest future gains in understanding obesity will come from _____. a) studies examining the optimal ratio of fat, protein and carbohydrate for weight loss b) studies examining how people can adhere to weight loss interventions c) studies examining the effects of vegetarian diets on weight loss d) studies examining the diets of paleolithic man

101. Waist circumference measures above _____ are related to increased disease risk for men. a) 74cm b) 80cm c) 88cm d) 94cm

102. Which of the following is NOT likely to contribute significantly to a comprehensive weight loss program? a) Setting weight loss goals b) Regularly measuring body weight c) Reducing kilojoule intake d) Improving muscle strength

103. Which of the following is most likely to prevent weight regain after a period of weight loss? a) A low carbohydrate diet b) Avoiding all fast food c) Having the support of a health professional d) Regular exercise for at least one hour each day

105. What percentage of individuals in the US National Weight Control Registry eat breakfast everyday? a) 62% b) 72% c) 78% d) 92%

106. Which of the following molecules acts as a hormone to promote positive energy balance by stimulating appetite and promoting efficient energy storage? a) Ghrelin b) Insulin c) Oxytocin d) Leptin

113. Consuming sodium bicarbonate one hour before high intensity exercise has the potential to improve exercise performance because _____________. a) it can improve exercise economy b) it reduces fatigue by buffering acid produced by the muscle c) it will provide more fuel for the creatine phosphate energy system d) it will increase blood flow to the muscles

118. Which of the following molecules acts as a hormone to promote negative energy balance by supressing appetite and increasing energy expenditure? a) Ghrelin b) Insulin c) Oxytocin d) Leptin

11. Each kilogram of weight loss during endurance exercise in the what corresponds to how much ml of fluid loss?

1000

23. What is the name of the main body responsible for developing the Australian Dietary Guidelines?

National Health and Medical Research Council

Approximately what proportion of Australians consume sufficient serves of fruit?

50% (31% meet RDI)

How many serves of vegies per men ages 19-50?

What vitamin is involved with collagen SYNTHESIS?

Vitamin C

Greatest loss of daily fluid si via:

Urine

Which method of dietary assessment is least likely to be affected by social desirability bias?

Dietary biomarker analysis